Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 75

The experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 75 (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr) have been evaluated and presented together with Adopted properties for levels and γ rays. New high-spin data are available for ⁷⁵Ga, and ⁷⁵Rb; and lifetime data for high-spin states in ⁷⁵Br and ⁷⁵Kr. For ΔJ =1, M1+E2 transitions in two rotational bands in ⁷⁵Kr, several B(E2)(W.u.) values are anomalously high, deviating by 2–3 σ values from currently accepted RUL(E2) = 300. In the opinion of the evaluators, there is need to remeasure level lifetimes and multipole mixing ratios in ⁷⁵Kr to resolve this serious discrepancy. New precise single-particle transfer cross section data are available for ⁷⁵Ga, ⁷⁵Ge, ⁷⁵As and ⁷⁵Se from several different reactions (2009Ka06,2008Sc03); these data give information for occupancy of valence neutron orbitals in the ground states of target nuclides: ⁷⁶Ge, ⁷⁶Se and ⁷⁸Se. No significant new data since the 1999 NDS for A = 75 have been reported for ⁷⁵As and ⁷⁵Se. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁷⁵Co, ⁷⁵Ni and ⁷⁵Sr. For ⁷⁵Fe, only the isotopic identification is made with one observed event. The radioactive decay schemes of ⁷⁵Co and ⁷⁵Ni are unknown while those for ⁷⁵Rb and ⁷⁵Sr are incomplete. This work supersedes the data presented in the previous NDS evaluation of A = 75 published by 1999Fa05.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 77

The experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 77 (Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted properties for levels and γ rays. New high-spin data are available for ⁷⁷Ga, ⁷⁷Br and ⁷⁷Kr. New precise single-particle transfer cross section data are available for ⁷⁷Ge, ⁷⁷As, ⁷⁷Se and ⁷⁷Br from eight different reactions (2009Ka06,2008Sc03); these data give information for occupancy of valence neutron orbitals in the ground states of target nuclides: ⁷⁶Ge, ⁷⁶Se and ⁷⁸Se. No significant new data since the 1997 NDS for A = 77 (1997Fa12) have been reported for ⁷⁷Rb and ⁷⁷Sr. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁷⁷Ni, ⁷⁷Cu and ⁷⁷Y. Level schemes from the radioactive decays of ⁷⁷Ni to ⁷⁷Cu and ⁷⁷Y to ⁷⁷Sr are unknown, while those for the decays of ⁷⁷Cu to ⁷⁷Zn and ⁷⁷Ga to ⁷⁷Ge are incomplete. Detailed gamma-ray data for ⁷⁷Ge from thermal-neutron capture in ⁷⁶Ge, together with extensive gamma-ray data from ⁷⁷Ge decay to ⁷⁷As have become available from 2012Me04. This work benefited from earlier evaluations (1997Fa12,1989Fa07,1980Si05,1973Ur02) of A = 77 nuclides, however, the data presented here supersede those in above evaluations.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 62

Experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 62 (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted properties of levels and γ rays. New high-spin data are available for ⁶²Ga, and ⁶²Zn. Results of in-beam γ-ray studies for ⁶²Cu producing high-spin states are in conflict in terms of gamma-ray placements and branching ratios. In the opinion of the evaluators, a detailed study of high-spin structures in ⁶²Cu is needed to obtain a consistent and confident level scheme. Precise studies of superallowed β decay of ⁶²Ga to ⁶²Zn by several groups have extended the decay scheme. No significant new data, since the 2000 NDS for A = 62 (2000Hu18), have been reported for ⁶²Co, ⁶²Ni and ⁶²Cu. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁶²Ti and ⁶²V, and those for ⁶²Cr and 62Ge are scarce. The level lifetime data are available in very few cases. The radioactive decay schemes of ⁶²Ti and ⁶²Ge are unknown, and those for ⁶²V, ⁶²Cr and 92-ms ⁶²Mn are scantily known. The data presented here supersede those in the earlier NDS publications.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 78

The evaluated spectroscopic data are presented for known nuclides of mass 78 (Ni,Cu,Zn,Ga,Ge,As,Se,Br,Kr,Rb,Sr,Y,Zr). Excited-state data are nonexistent for ⁷⁸Ni, ⁷⁸Cu and ⁷⁸Zr. For ⁷⁸Zr, only the isotopic identification is established without any knowledge of its half-life and decay modes. Only limited excited state data exist for ⁷⁸Y. The radioactive decays of the following isotopes are not considered by the evaluators as well established: ⁷⁸Cu, ^78mRb, ⁷⁸Sr and ⁷⁸Y. High-spin excitations are known for ⁷⁸As, ⁷⁸Se, ⁷⁸Br, ⁷⁸Kr, ⁷⁸Rb and ⁷⁸Sr. Significant amounts of new data have been added since the last NDS publication of A = 78 evaluation more than 18 years ago.This work supersedes earlier full evaluations of A = 78 published by 1981Si13 and 1975Ru01 and the one published in ‘update’ mode by 1991Ra06.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A=75

The experimental nuclear data for mass=75 have been reviewed, superceding 1981 evaluation by Ekstrom (81Ek02). Detailed level and decay schemes together with summary (adopted), arguments for Jπ assignments and experimental data of the known nuclei (Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb) are presented. ⁷⁵Cu has been identified as a β⁻ delayed neutron emission precursor while ⁷⁵Ga has been studied in detail in ⁷⁵Zn β⁻ decay recently. In ⁷⁵Ge, there are quite a few new data available, specially on particle-transfer reactions. Not much new information is known for ⁷⁵As except for a particle transfer reaction and ⁷⁵Se ε decay. The same is true for ⁷⁵Se except for a neutron capture study. New data have been reported for ⁷⁵Kr and ⁷⁵Br.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 58

The evaluated spectroscopic data are presented for known nuclides of mass 58 (Ca,Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn). Excited-state data are nonexistent for ⁵⁸Ca, ⁵⁸Sc, and ⁵⁸Zn; and very scarce for ⁵⁸Ti and ⁵⁸V, with only one tentative level in each case. Except for half-lives, no other radioactive decay data are available for the decay of ⁵⁸Sc and ⁵⁸Ti. The radioactive decays of ⁵⁸V, ⁵⁸Cr and ⁵⁸Zn are not considered as well established. Superdeformed structures are known in ⁵⁸Ni (two bands) and in ⁵⁸Cu (one band). Prompt proton decay of high-spin states in 58Ni for eight levels and prompt α decay for two states have been identified. In ⁵⁸Cu, one high-spin state decays by prompt proton emission. Very complex high-spin structures are now known for ⁵⁸Ni from the work by 2009Jo03.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A=76

The 1976 version of A=76 mass chain (76Be41) has been revised. Nuclear spectroscopic information for known nuclides of mass number 76 (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb) has been evaluated and presented together with adopted level energies, level Jπ's and γ-rays in these nuclei. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁷⁶Zn and ⁷⁶Rb. Levels in ⁷⁶Ga are known only from a tentative level scheme from ⁷⁶Zn decay.High spin levels and band structures are known for ⁷⁶Se, ⁷⁶Br, and ⁷⁶Kr from (HI,xnγ) reactions.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 74

The 1976 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 74 (76Ko07) has been revised. Nuclear structure data for known nuclides (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb) of A = 74 have been evaluated and presented. The excited-state data on ⁷⁴Rb are non-existent and those for ⁷⁴Zn, ⁷⁴Ga, and ⁷⁴Kr are scarce. High spin levels are known for ⁷⁴Se, ⁷⁴Br and ⁷⁴Kr.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 80

Nuclear spectroscopic information for known nuclides of mass number 80 (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted energies and Jπ of levels in these nuclei. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁸⁰Zn, ⁸⁰Ga and ⁸⁰Y.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 78

Nuclear spectroscopic information for known nuclides of mass number 78 (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr) have been evaluated and presented together with adopted energies and Jπ of levels in these nuclei. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁷⁸Zn. Data for ⁷⁸Rb and ⁷⁸Sr are very scarce.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 55

The 1970 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 55 has been revised on the basis of experimental data received prior to March 1, 1976. Results from approximately 220 papers and communications have been included in the present evaluation.Data on five A = 55 nuclei are presented. The decay schemes for ⁵⁵Cr, ⁵⁵Fe, and ⁵⁵Co are well established. Many excited levels are known in ⁵⁵Cr, ⁵⁵Mn, ⁵⁵Fe, and ⁵⁵Co from a variety of decay and reaction experiments. Many firm or tentative spin assignments are made, and many half-lives for excited levels in ⁵⁵Mn, ⁵⁵Fe, and ⁵⁵Co have been measured. An uncertainty in the level scheme for ⁵⁵Mn occurs near 1290 keV, where the number of distinct levels and their spins cannot be unambiguously determined. The nucleus ⁵⁵Ni has been observed for the first time in the (³He, ⁶He) reaction, but the decay of ⁵⁵Ni has not yet been observed.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 79

The 1975 version of Nuclear Data Sheets (75Ur03) has been revised. Nuclear spectroscopic information for known nuclides of mass number 79 (Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr) has been evaluated and presented together with adopted level energies, level Jπ's and γ-rays in these nuclei. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁷⁹Zn and ⁷⁹Ga.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 74

The 1966 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 74 has been revised on the basis of experimental data received prior to December 1, 1975. Results from approximately 95 papers and communications have been included in the present evaluation.Data on seven A = 74 nuclei are presented. The main features of the decay schemes for ⁷⁴Zn and 8.1-m ⁷⁴Ga appear to be known. An upper limit of 50% has been established for the β-decay branching ratio for 9.5-s ⁷⁴Ga. Both β⁺- and β^?,-decays of ⁷⁴As are well established. Many excited levels are known in ⁷⁴Ge, ⁷⁴As, and ⁷⁴Se from a variety of decay and reaction experiments, but few spin assignments are firm. The level identification for a 26.8-ns isomer in ⁷⁴As is uncertain. An 8.0-s activity previously assigned to ⁷⁴As is now believed to occur ¹⁹⁷Au. The decay schemes for two ⁷⁴Br isomers are reasonably well established, but the energy difference between the two isomers is not well known. The decay scheme for ⁷⁴Kr is well established, but results on excited levels in ⁷⁴Kr are contradictory.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 91

Experimental nuclear structure and decay data for all known A=91 nuclides (As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd) have been evaluated. This evaluation, covering data received by 1 September 2013, supersedes the 1998 evaluation by C. M. Baglin published in Nuclear Data Sheets86, 1 (1999) (15 December 1998 literature cutoff), and subsequent evaluations by C. M. Baglin added to the ENSDF database for Kr, Sr and Zr (29 December 2000 literature cutoff) and by B. Singh for ⁹¹Tc (6 November 2000 literature cutoff).     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 50

The experimental nuclear spectroscopic data for known nuclides of mass number 50 (Cl,Ar,K,Ca,Sc,Ti,V, Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni) have been evaluated and presented together with Adopted properties for levels and γ rays. This evaluation has been carried out about 15 years after the previous one by Thomas Burrows (1995Bu29). Except for ⁵⁰Sc and ⁵⁰V, extensive new data have become available for all the other nuclides in the intervening years. The data for ⁵⁰Sc and ⁵⁰V have also been checked again in detail and several changes made. No data are yet available for excited states in ⁵⁰Cl, ⁵⁰Ar and ⁵⁰Ni. This work supersedes earlier evaluations (1995Bu29, 1990Bu18, 1984Al29, 1976Au07) of A=50 nuclides.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 35

The experimental data are evaluated for known nuclides of mass number A=35 (Na,Mg,Al,Si,P,S,Cl,Ar,K, Ca). Detailed evaluated level properties and related information are presented, including adopted values of level and γ-ray energies, decay data (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and other spectroscopic data. This work supersedes earlier full evaluations of A=35 published by 1990En08 (also 1998En04 update) and 1978En02.No excited states are known in ³⁵Na, ³⁵Mg, ³⁵Ca. No γ rays are known in 35K. Experimental data for ³⁵Al and ³⁵Si are limited and their radioactive decay schemes seem incomplete in view of large Q values and known excitations much below than allowed by Q values. The ³⁵S, ³⁵Cl and ³⁵Ar nuclides remain as the most extensively studied from many different reactions and decays.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 44

The experimental data are evaluated for known nuclides of mass number A=44 (Si,P,S,Cl,Ar,K,Ca,Sc,Ti,V, Cr,Mn). Detailed evaluated level properties and related information are presented, including adopted values of level and γ-ray energies, decay data (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and other spectroscopic data. This work supersedes earlier full evaluations of A=44 published by 1999Ca45 and 1990En08 (also 1998En04 update).No excited states are known in ⁴⁴Si, ⁴⁴P, ⁴⁴Cr, ⁴⁴Mn. Only one excited state is known in 44V and its Isobaric Analog State (IAS) has been observed but with the level energy not known. Information for ⁴⁴S, ⁴⁴Cl and ⁴⁴Ar is limited and their radioactive decay schemes seem incomplete in view of large Q values and known excitations much below than allowed by Q values. The ⁴⁴Ca, ⁴⁴Sc and ⁴⁴Ti nuclides remain as the most extensively studied from many different reactions and decays.     

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 33

The experimental data are evaluated for known nuclides of mass number A=33 (Ne, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K). Detailed evaluated level properties and related information are presented, including adopted values of level and γ-ray energies, decay data (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and other spectroscopic data. This work supersedes earlier full evaluations of A=33 published by 1990En08 (also 1998En04 update) and 1978En02.Experimental studies for the identification of the ³³Ne and ³³K nuclides have not met with success as yet. Values of S(n) and S(p) from systematics for ³³Ne and ³³K, respectively suggest that these nuclei are likely to be unstable to particle emission. The radioactive decay schemes of ³³Na and ³³Al seem incomplete in view of large Q values and known excitations much below than allowed by the Q values. The ³³S and ³³Cl nuclides remain as the most extensively studied from many different reactions and decays.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 78

The 1966 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 78 has been revised on the basis of all experimental data received before September 1, 1974. Experimental data, detailed level schemes, and arguments for J^π-assignments are presented. Two new isotopes, ⁷⁸Ga and ⁷⁸Rb, are now known to exist and a third, ⁷⁸Sr, has been tentatively identified. A significant amount of new information is given for the ⁷⁸Se, ⁷⁸Br, and ⁷⁸Kr level schemes, while very little new information is available for the level schemes of ⁷⁸Ge and ⁷⁸As.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 83

The 1966 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 83 has been revised on the basis of experimental data received prior to November 1, 1974. Information from approximately 90 papers and communications has been included in the present evaluation.Data on nine A = 83 nuclei are presented. This A-chain is characterized by a paucity of reaction data compared with radioactive decay data. Only the half-life for ⁸³Ge is known. For ⁸³As, the half-life is known but few details of the decay scheme have been determined. The decay schemes of the ⁸³Se ground state and first-excited state are reasonably well established, and levels in ⁸³Se are known from (d,p). The decay schemes of ⁸³Br and ⁸³Rb are well established, and these decays give all adopted information on levels in stable ⁸³Kr. The complex decay scheme for ⁸³Sr is reasonably well established, which leads to all information on levels in ⁸³Rb. Information on ⁸³Sr levels is obtained from ⁸³Y decays and (d,t). The decay schemes for two ⁸³Y isomers have been reasonably well determined, but the ordering of the isomers is not known. The compilers regard the identification of ⁸³Zr as uncertain.