基于变系数α-β-γ滤波的目标跟踪仿真研究

针对目标跟踪中联合数据关联算法计算量大,随目标数目增多呈几何增长而导致跟踪效率低下的问题,主要介绍了顺序数据关联快速算法（MSFAFDA）,建立了基于变系数α-β-γ滤波和顺序数据关联快速算法的模型,并进行了模拟战场实际目标的仿真试验。仿真结果表明该算法能较好的跟踪目标,其跟踪精度符合要求,提高了跟踪实时性。     

基于数据关联快速算法的目标跟踪与仿真研究

针对利用传感器对密集目标进行跟踪中联合概率数据关联(JPDA)计算量大,出现计算组合爆炸而导致效率低下的问题,简要介绍了数据关联快速算法(FAFDA),建立了基于坐标变换和自适应α-β滤波的数据关联快速算法模型并进行了模拟战场实际目标的仿真试验,仿真结果表明该算法能很好的跟踪目标,其跟踪精度符合实际要求,计算量明显减小,提高了跟踪实时性.     

基于红外和雷达数据融合的机动目标跟踪方法

文章基于并行多传感器联合概率数据关联算法,提出了一种杂波环境下的多传感器多机动目标跟踪算法,首先使用融合算法将红外和雷达的量测进行异步和同步融合,然后应用融合后的量测,采用IMM算法实现对机动目标的跟踪.在仿真实验中分别跟踪单个和多个目标,结果表明该算法可以解决两种传感器的量测不同步问题,同时可以消除漏检现象对目标跟踪的影响,并能保证一定的跟踪精度.     

多传感器多目标联合概率数据关联研究

联合概率数据关联(JPDA)算法对单传感器多目标跟踪是一种良好的算法,但对于多传感器密集多目标跟踪,则计算量剧增,数据关联成功率下降。因此,改进联合概率数据关联(AJPDA)算法对多传感器多目标量测进行同源划分及单一传感器测量数据转换,然后采用JPDA算法求解空间目标轨迹交叉时的数据关联。仿真结果表明,AJPDA算法提高了成功关联概率,降低了求解数据关联概率的难度,可以解决密集目标的正确跟踪问题。     

一种多传感器融合的多维数据互联算法

多传感器融合的数据关联问题一直是目标跟踪领域的核心与难点之一.文中提出了一种多传感器融合的多维数据互联算法.首先进行多目标跟踪模式的判断,根据跟踪模式选取不同维数的数据互联算法,对现有的多维数据互联算法存在问题进行了分析和改进,给出了算法实现的伪代码.仿真与实验结果表明,该算法对弹道目标跟踪具有较好的效果,对复杂环境下的多目标也能进行稳定地跟踪.     

采用目标假设的三被动式传感器数据关联算法

被动式传感器目标跟踪是多传感器多目标跟踪领域的一个重要研究方向。针对三被动式传感器多目标定位系统全局最优数据关联的三维分配问题,在允许传感器漏检和虚警的情况下,通过分析拉格朗日松弛算法,提出一种假定真实目标的快速收敛算法。该算法通过粗关联假定真实目标并重新修改代价矩阵,然后进行细关联,使得拉格朗日松弛算法在保证关联精度的前提下有效地提高了收敛速度。理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法提高了数据关联的速度,并在一定程度上提高了关联准确率。     

基于量测转换的交互多模型概率数据互联算法

针对雷达跟踪机动目标时,目标运动模型通常线性地建模在直角坐标系内,而量测数据由传感器获得的实际情况,提出了基于量测转换的交互多模型概率数据互联算法.推导了该算法中相关的滤波估计、滤波误差协方差和数据关联概率,并且提出了跟踪门的确定方法.仿真结果表明了新算法的可行性和有效性.     

一种多传感器自适应量测迭代更新GM-PHD跟踪算法

针对多传感器观测数据质量不同且未知时,多传感器量测迭代更新高斯混合概率假设密度(GM-PHD)滤波器跟踪算法的结果对更新顺序敏感的问题,该文提出一种多传感器自适应量测迭代更新GM-PHD跟踪算法AIU-GM-PHD。首先基于多传感器融合一致性度量,提出一种用于在线评估各传感器跟踪结果质量的方法;然后对多传感器迭代融合顺序进行优化,最后构建相应的多传感器GM-PHD融合跟踪算法。为了解决多传感器自适应顺序迭代融合无法体现传感器质量差距的问题,提出了一种自适应带权伪量测迭代更新GM-PHD跟踪算法PAIU-GM-PHD。仿真结果表明,与常规多传感器迭代更新GM-PHD跟踪算法相比,所提算法能够获得鲁棒性更好、精度更高的跟踪结果。     

基于信息融合的多目标单站无源跟踪新技术研究

跟踪起始与数据关联是多目标无源单站跟踪的关键技术.本文提出了一种基于目标多特征信息融合的自适应跟踪起始算法,通过构造多维动态可变的跟踪门,进行自适应跟踪起始检测,然后根据序列概率比检验准则进行轨迹确认.同时提出了一种基于多目标多特征信息融合的数据关联算法,首先通过定义多个特征数据关联度,将单个有效观测的多特征信息进行融合,再对多目标进行综合数据关联.计算机仿真表明,该跟踪起始算法能够快速有效地启动航迹,数据关联算法的性能要优于传统的NN方法和扩展的NN方法.     

多目标跟踪的动态多维分配算法

多目标多传感器的数据关联问题一直是目标跟踪领域的核心和难点之一.数据关联是在一定准则下,连接具有共同源的测量或航迹的分配过程.具有代表性的数据互联方法都可以归结为特定的分配问题.然而现有的S-D分配算法只考虑同一时刻各传感器测量的互联,是一个静态结果.本文将静态分配推广到动态跟踪中,通过对测量集合和航迹集合的合并,把S维转变为S+1维问题,从而实现了分配的动态化.在此基础上考虑了有新目标出现的情况,并讨论了动态分配与静态分配的关系.最后对本文算法进行了仿真分析,结果表明,该算法能够对多目标进行稳定的跟踪.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks