斜直井中考虑摩擦时钻柱的正弦屈曲分析

提出了在斜直井中钻柱正弦屈曲分析时对摩擦阻力的处理方法,给出了考虑摩擦阻力时的屈曲平衡方程,建立了相应的微分求积法列式,用微分求积法对平衡方程直接求解.在力学模型中考虑了摩擦因数、重力线密度、钻柱长度和井斜角对临界载荷的影响,并将数值计算结果与实验数据进行了比较.分析表明,提出的在钻柱正弦屈曲分析时对摩擦阻力的处理方法是正确有效的,能够为实验结果提供理论分析基础;在同等条件下,钻柱正弦屈曲临界载荷随摩擦因数的增加而增大;钻柱越长,摩擦阻力对临界载荷的影响越大,在一定程度上,摩擦可以增加钻柱的稳定性.     

斜直井中考虑摩擦时钻柱的正弦屈曲分析

提出了在斜直井中钻柱正弦屈曲分析时对摩擦阻力的处理方法,给出了考虑摩擦阻力时的屈曲平衡方程,建立了相应的微分求积法列式,用微分求积法时平衡方程直接求解。在力学模型中考虑了摩擦因数、重力线密度、钻柱长度和井斜角对临界载荷的影响,并将数值计算结果与实验数据进行了比较。分析表明,提出的在钻柱正弦屈曲分析时对摩擦阻力的处理方法是正确有效的,能够为实验结果提供理论分析基础;在同等条件下,钻柱正弦屈曲临界载荷随摩擦因数的增加而增大;钻柱越长,摩擦阻力对临界载荷的影响越大,在一定程度上,摩擦可以增加钻柱的稳定性。     

水平井中钻柱屈曲的非线性有限元分析

建立了直井中钻柱屈曲的平衡方程及对应的泛函表达式,使用有限元法对不同约束下水平井中钻柱从稳定到非线性屈曲的整个过程进行了分析。力学模型中考虑了重力和扭矩对屈曲的影响。分析结果表明:钻柱的屈曲是一个从局部屈曲到总体屈曲的过程,屈曲段的井壁约束力、钻柱弯矩和屈曲位移呈周期性变化;重力在水平井中对屈曲有较强的抑制作用;边界约束对屈曲的影响不可忽略;扭矩对屈曲的影响很小,可以忽略。     

变曲率井中有重钻柱屈曲的非线性有限元分析

基于等曲率井中有重钻柱屈曲的平衡方程及对应的泛函表达式,建立了采用有限元法对变曲率井中有重钻柱屈曲过程进行分析的方法,给出了求解变曲率井中钻柱屈曲非线性方程的算法。力学模型中考虑了钻柱重力、井眼轨迹曲率半径变化率对屈曲的影响。分析结果表明:钻柱上端轴向载荷增大时,钻柱的下端先出现局部屈曲,随后屈曲向钻柱上部扩展,导致钻柱发生整体屈曲;屈曲位移、井壁约束力线密度和钻柱弯矩都呈周期性变化;井眼的弯曲对钻柱屈曲具有抑制作用,井眼轨迹曲率半径变化率越大,钻柱的屈曲也越严重。     

AZ91D镁合金微动磨损特性研究

采用液压高精度材料试验机考察了平面一球面接触的AZ91D镁合金摩擦副的微动磨损行为，分析了位移幅值、法向载荷和频率等参数对摩擦因数和磨损体积的影响，考察了不同实验条件下的磨斑形貌，并探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明：AZ91D镁合金的微动区域可分为部分滑移区、混合区和滑移区3个区域，粘着磨损、疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损分别是3个区域的主要磨损机制；磨损体积随着位移幅值和法向载荷的增加而增大，但却随着频率的增大而减小。在微动部分滑移区和混合区，摩擦因数随着位移增大迅速增加；在微动滑移区，摩擦因数随法向载荷的增大而减小，而位移幅值和频率对摩擦因数的影响较小。     

钻柱横向非线性振动分析

利用同伦分析法求解了钻柱横向非线性振动方程,得到了该非线性振动的频率和主振动的一阶近似解析解.分析过程中发现,同伦分析法在求解钻柱横向非线性振动方程时不需要引入以往摄动求解的小参数,这样提高了近似解的精度和扩大了解的适用范围.计算结果表明非线性因素改变了主振动的形态,使其不再成为简谐振动,同时非线性因素对频率的影响程度随着振幅、轴向压力和钻柱长度的增大而增加.因此,对于受较大轴向压力作用的长钻柱横向振动,应当考虑非线性因素的影响.     

螺旋屈曲钻柱中诱发扭矩计算方法的研究

早期针对钻柱螺旋屈曲问题的研究一般忽略了由于螺旋屈曲诱发的扭矩,但随着水平井和大位移井的增多,这种诱发扭矩越来越明显,严重影响钻柱的安全性评估。文中建立了螺旋屈曲管柱诱发扭矩的计算模型,并对扭矩计算方法展开了研究。     

湿度、温度及润滑油对粘结MoS2固体润滑涂层微动磨损寿命的影响

在不同载荷和位移幅值条件下．研究了湿度、温度及润滑油对粘结MoS2固体润滑涂层微动磨损寿命的影响。试验结果表明：湿度、温度的变化及润滑油环境下都会不同程度地影响粘结涂层的磨损寿命。相对湿度愈高，寿命愈低；温度的影响分两个阶段，20～100℃范围，磨损寿命随温度升高而增加，在100～300℃范围，磨损寿命随温度的升高而下降；润滑油的影响强烈依赖于位移幅值和载荷变化，低位移幅值、高载荷下影响极小，而高位移幅值、低载荷下将导致磨损寿命下降。     

激光扫描法建模在开孔圆柱壳轴压屈曲中的应用

采用激光位移传感器对开孔圆柱壳的三维形貌进行测量,基于实测数据建立有限元模型,利用ABAQUS对不同开孔率的圆柱壳进行非线性有限元分析,模拟结果显示:载荷位移曲线先线性增大,后出现突变,轴向压力迅速减小,轴压屈曲临界载荷随着开孔率增大而减小。对开孔率为5%,10%,15%的圆柱壳进行轴压屈曲试验,试验采用液压装置进行轴压,轴压数据通过称重传感器获得。对轴压屈曲临界载荷模拟值与试验值进行比较,最小的相对误差只有10.8%。说明运用激光扫描法建模进行非线性有限元分析,可以较好地预测开孔圆柱壳轴压屈曲临界载荷。     

谐变磁力作用轴向运动铁磁板的磁弹性主共振

基于哈密顿变分原理，建立机械载荷和磁化产生的谐变磁力共同作用下铁磁板的非线性磁弹性振动方程。针对两长边简支约束边界条件，利用伽辽金积分法得到变量分离后的横向振动微分方程。应用多尺度法和李雅普诺夫稳定性理论求解电磁激发下的1阶主共振问题，得到稳态响应下的幅频方程和定常解的稳定性判据。通过算例，得到铁磁板的幅频特性、振幅-磁场强度幅值和振幅-速度的变化曲线图。曲线分析结果表明，稳定解部分的振幅随磁场强度幅值的增大而增大；非线性刚度随速度的增大而增大，硬弹簧特性增强，非线性特征更为显著。     

激光表面改性油管与接箍磨损配合研究

油田机采井抽油杆接箍与油管在工作状态下构成滑动摩擦副,同时还承受介质腐蚀和交变载荷,产生磨损、腐蚀和疲劳断裂失效。为了解决有杆泵井的管杆偏磨问题,采用5 kW横流CO2激光器对油管内壁和接箍表面进行强化处理,并进行摩擦磨损试验。结合激光强化层的组织分析,对比研究不同油管接箍构成的摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:激光相变硬化油管与激光熔覆Ni35接箍的配合效果比较理想;在摩擦磨损过程中,管杆间磨损以磨粒磨损为主。     

Dynamic relaxation method for nonlinear buckling analysis of moderately thick FG cylindrical panels with various boundary conditions

Using new approach proposed by Dynamic relaxation (DR) method, buckling analysis of moderately thick Functionally graded (FG) cylindrical panels subjected to axial compression is investigated for various boundary conditions. The mechanical properties of FG panel are assumed to vary continuously along the thickness direction by the simple rule of mixture and Mori-Tanaka model. The incremental form of nonlinear formulations are derived based on First-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and large deflection von Karman equations. The DR method combined with the finite difference discretization technique is employed to solve the incremental form of equilibrium equations. The critical mechanical buckling load is determined based on compressive load-displacement curve by adding the incremental displacements in each load step to the displacements obtained from the previous ones. A detailed parametric study is carried out to investigate the influences of the boundary conditions, rule of mixture, grading index, radius-to-thickness ratio, length-to-radius ratio and panel angle on the mechanical buckling load. The results reveal that with increase of grading index the effect of radius-to-thickness ratio on the buckling load decreases. It is also observed that effect of distribution rules on the buckling load is dependent to the type of boundary conditions.

     

热-机荷载作用的P-FGM扁球壳跳跃屈曲分析

基于经典壳体理论和Sanders非线性应变-位移关系,导出了幂律型功能梯度材料(P-FGM)扁球壳在热-机械荷载作用下的几何非线性常微分控制方程。推导过程考虑了沿厚度存在一维热传导温度场和法向均布荷载作用。采用打靶法求解了由控制方程和固定夹紧边界条件构成的两点边值问题。得到了FGM扁球壳的一些典型的屈曲平衡路径和双稳态构形。对热-机械荷载作用的FGM扁球壳的跳跃屈曲行为进行了参数影响分析。结果表明：温度上升时,球壳上临界荷载显著增加、下临界荷载变化不明显。梯度指数增加时,球壳上、下临界荷载均显著减小。组分材料模量增加时,球壳上、下临界荷载均显著增加。当底圆半径和厚度给定时,随壳体中面曲率半径增加,球壳上、下临界荷载均显著增加。当中面曲率半径和厚度给定时,随底圆半径增加,球壳下临界荷载显著减小,上临界荷载几乎不变。     

Buckling analysis of FGM plates under uniform,linear and non-linear in-plane loading

The paper investigates the buckling responses of functionally graded material (FGM) plate subjected to uniform, linear, and non-linear in-plane loads. New nonlinear in-plane load models are proposed based on trigonometric and exponential function. Non-dimensional critical buckling loads are evaluated using non-polynomial based higher order shear deformation theory. Navier’s method, which assures minimum numerical error, is employed to get an accurate explicit solution. The equilibrium conditions are determined utilizing the principle of virtual displacements and material property are graded in the thickness direction using simple Voigt model or exponential law. The present formulation is accurate and efficient in analyzing the behavior of thin, thick and moderately thick FGM plate for buckling analysis. It is found that with the help of displacement-buckling load curve, critical buckling load can be derived and maximum displacement due to the instability of inplane load can be obtained. Also, the randomness in the values of transverse displacement due to inplane load increases as the extent of uniformity of the load on the plate is disturbed. Furthermore, the parametric varying studies are performed to analyse the effect of span-to-thickness ratio, volume fraction exponent, aspect ratio, the shape parameter for non-uniform inplane load, and non-dimensional load parameter on the non-dimensional deflections, stresses, and critical buckling load for FGM plates.

     

壳体屈曲分析中关于能力减弱系数的剖析

工程中通常采用有限元中的线性屈曲方法和非线性屈曲方法来求解壳体的屈曲载荷。对于复杂结构(如钢安全壳),若直接采用非线性屈曲方法求解,除计算工作量大外,还不容易得到符合实际要求的临界载荷。因此,工程中常通过线弹性方法来获得符合实际要求的临界载荷。介绍了壳体屈曲的线弹性理论解,然后利用ANSYS软件求解圆柱壳受轴向和侧向外压的屈曲载荷,并与理论解进行了对比;最后通过对比前人的试验结果与线弹性理论得到的上临界值来剖析"能力减弱系数"的含义和合理性。结果表明:采用线弹性方法来求解壳体屈曲问题是可行的,但必须进一步考虑"能力减弱系数"、"安全系数"和"塑性折减系数"后才能得到工程上所需的临界屈曲载荷值。     

Nonlinear in-plane elastic buckling of shallow circular arches under uniform radial and thermal loading

This paper presents a nonlinear in-plane elastic buckling analysis of circular shallow arches that are subjected both to a uniform temperature field and to a uniform radial load field. A virtual work method is used to establish nonlinear equilibrium equations and buckling equilibrium equations, and analytical solutions for the limit instability and bifurcation buckling loads are obtained. It is found that the temperature influences the limit instability, bifurcation buckling and postbuckling behaviour of shallow arches significantly. The limit instability and bifurcation buckling loads increase with an increase of the temperature. A maximum temperature is shown to exist for the occurrence of bifurcation buckling of shallow arches, and when the temperature is higher than this value, bifurcation buckling of an arch is not possible.An arch geometric parameter is introduced to define switches between the limit instability and bifurcation buckling modes, and between buckling and no buckling. Formulae and methods for the calculation of the limiting values of the arch geometric parameter are developed. It is also found that the limiting values of the arch geometric parameter decrease with an increase of the temperature.     

Parametric studies on buckling loads and critical speeds of microdrill bits

Transverse bending vibrations of the spinning microdrill bit subjected to a compressive axial load are developed based on the Timoshenko beam theory. The system equations of motion are discretized into the form of time-dependent ordinary differential equations by the finite element method. Two types of eigenvalue problems are formulated and utilized to study the effects of the drill helix angle, flute length and diameter on the buckling load and critical speed of microdrill bits with different supported ends. Equivalent formulae similar to those of untwisted Euler beams are established to predict critical buckling loads and critical speeds for microdrills and provide results with sufficient accuracy. The effect of rotational speed on the buckling load, and the influence of thrust force on critical speed are also investigated. A Galef-type equation associated with critical speed, thrust force and buckling load is formulated.