生物医用高分子材料的表面改性

生物相容性是医用高分子材料应用中必须解决的关键问题,通过表面改性以改善生物医用高分子材料的生物相容性的研究备受关注。分别从物理、化学、仿生三方面对生物医用高分子材料的表面改性方法及进展进行了综述。     

光化学固定法表面改性医用高分子材料研究进展

综述了光化学固定法表面改性医用高分子材料方面的研究进展,介绍了光化学固定法的原理和优点。     

低温等离子体在高分子材料表面改性中的应用

概述了低温等离子体对高分子材料表面改性的主要方法及其低温等离子体技术在提高高分子材料表面亲疏水性、粘结性、导电性和生物相容性等性能方面的应用,特别是对低温等离子体在生物医用高分子材料领域的应用进行了分析和展望。     

解析生物医用高分子材料的表面改性

近年来,随着我国科学技术的快速发展,高分子材料的应用范围不断扩大,由于高分子的物理、化学风性能的影响,导致高分子材料在生物医用领域的应用受到一定的限制,因此就要对高分子的表面改性,从而有效引用到生物医用领域中,本文对生物医用高分子材料的表面改性进行了深入的研究,对生物医用高分子材料有一定的借鉴意义。     

概述低温等离子体技术及其改性高分子材料研究进展

低温等离子体技术作为清洁、高效的改性技术,赋予材料表面优异性能的同时,并不改变材料基体的整体性质,在高分子材料表面改性中有着越来越广泛的应用前景。综述了低温等离子处理、聚合、诱导接枝聚合等表面改性技术方法,并重点介绍了其在高分子材料亲水性、吸附性、粘结性和生物相容性等方面的改性应用研究进展。     

概述低温等离子体技术及其改性高分子材料研究进展

低温等离子体技术作为清洁、高效的改性技术,赋予材料表面优异性能的同时,并不改变材料基体的整体性质,在高分子材料表面改性中有着越来越广泛的应用前景。综述了低温等离子处理、聚合、诱导接枝聚合等表面改性技术方法,并重点介绍了其在高分子材料亲水性、吸附性、粘结性和生物相容性等方面的改性应用研究进展。     

高分子材料在临床医学护理中的应用

生物医用高分子材料具有良好的生物相容性和易加工性,还有可控的可降解性。众多的生物医用材料之中,生物医用高分子材料作为其中的主要组成部分,尤其是在临床医学中使用量明显高于其他领域。该文从临床医学中对生物医用高分子材料的要求,生物医用高分子材料的分类和合成方法,以及生物医用高分子材料在临床医学中的应用三个方面详细阐述了临床医学中的高分子材料。最后对临床医学中的高分子材料的发展方向进行了展望。     

医用聚氨酯材料的研究进展

综述了医用聚氨酯材料的研究进展,重点介绍了改善医用聚氨酯材料生物相容性的方法,包括本体改性法、表面修饰法以及超分子化学和组织工程中的聚氨酯改性,展望了其在医学中的发展前景。     

医用高分子材料的研究进展

本文以医用高分子材料必须具备的生物功能性和生物相容性的观点出发,阐述了当今世界医用高分子的研究发展方向,井评述了医用高分子材料在人工脏器、药剂及医疗器械方面的应用;介绍了我国近年来的研究情况和存在的问题。     

生物医用高分子材料的加工、改性及应用

从三个方面介绍了生物医用高分子材料工作情况：(1)三种可降解材料：聚羟基烷酸酯、两亲性聚氨酯弹性体、可注射性水凝胶；(2)利用各种制造了多种复杂形状的组织工程支架；(3)其它医用材料，并对医用支架材料表面进行了改性。     

Surface modification of biomaterials by photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization to improve hemocompatibility

Thrombus formation and blood coagulation are serious problems associated with blood contacting products, such as catheters, vascular grafts, artificial hearts, and heart valves. Recent progresses and strategies to improve the hemocompatibility of biomaterials by surface modification using photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization are reviewed in this paper. Three approaches to modify biomaterial surfaces for improving the hemocompatibility, i.e., bioinert surfaces, immobilization of anticoagulative substances and biomimetic surfaces, are introduced. The biomimetic amphiphilic phosphorylcholine and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence are the most effective and most often employed biomolecules and peptide sequence for improving hemocompatibility of material surfaces. The RGD sequence can enhance adhesion and growth of endothelial cells (ECs) on material surfaces and increase the retention of ECs under flow shear stress conditions. This surface modification is a promising strategy for biomaterials especially for cardiovascular grafts and functional tissue engineered blood vessels.     

Surface modification of biomaterials by photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization to improve hemocompatibility

Thrombus formation and blood coagulation are serious problems associated with blood contacting products, such as catheters, vascular grafts, artificial hearts, and heart valves. Recent progresses and strategies to improve the hemocompatibility of biomaterials by surface modification using photochemical immobilization and photograft polymerization are reviewed in this paper. Three approaches to modify biomaterial surfaces for improving the hemocompatibility, i.e., bioinert surfaces, immobilization of anticoagulative substances and biomimetic surfaces, are introduced. The biomimetic amphiphilic phosphorylcholine and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence are the most effective and most often employed biomolecules and peptide sequence for improving hemocompatibility of material surfaces. The RGD sequence can enhance adhesion and growth of endothelial cells (ECs) on material surfaces and increase the retention of ECs under flow shear stress conditions. This surface modification is a promising strategy for biomaterials especially for cardiovascular grafts and functional tissue engineered blood vessels.     

纳米TiO2的复合改性及其光催化性能

采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯、硝酸镧对纳米TiO2进行复合改性,以亚甲基蓝作为光催化降解对象,讨论改性条件对纳米TiO2光催化性能的影响.结果表明,纳米TiO2经过改性后,其光催化性能均有所提高,尤其是经过硝酸镧复合改性后,其光催化性能明显好于未改性纳米TiO2和单一改性纳米TiO2.甲基丙烯酸甲酯用量、硝酸镧用量、热处理温度、热处理时间对纳米TiO2光催化性能均有影响.复合改性纳米TiO2的较佳工艺条件为:甲基丙烯酸甲酯用量为44.09%,硝酸镧用量为2.31%,热处理温度为500℃,热处理时间为5 h.     

A photochemical method for immobilization of azidated dextran onto aminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) surfaces

BACKGROUND: Dextran, a bacterial polysaccharide, has been reported to be as good as poly(ethylene glycol) in its protein‐rejecting and cell‐repelling abilities. In addition, the multivalent nature of dextran is advantageous for surface grafting of biologically active molecules. We report here a method to photochemically bind dextran hydrogel films to aminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces in aqueous media using a heterobifunctional crosslinker, 4‐azidobenzoic acid. In order to achieve this, dextran was first functionalized with the crosslinker using carbodiimide chemistry followed by photo‐crosslinking and immobilization onto the nucleophile‐rich aminated PET surfaces. RESULTS: The presence of the immobilized dextran on PET was verified by attenuated total‐reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements. The grafted surface was highly hydrophilic due to the heavily hydrated polysaccharide network on the surface as demonstrated by the near zero water contact angle. CONCLUSION: A photochemical method for surface immobilization of dextran onto aminated PET using aryl azide chemistry is a facile technique to generate highly hydrophilic and more hemocompatible surfaces. The aryl nitrenes generated by photolysis produce a metastable, electron‐deficient intermediate, azacycloheptatetraene, which is believed to be responsible for the simultaneous crosslinking of dextran and its immobilization onto the aminated PET surface. The aryl azide chemistry reported here for dextran could be useful as a versatile technique for surface modification of other nucleophile‐rich polymers to create dextran‐ or similar polysaccharide‐immobilized surfaces. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effect of surface modification of graphene oxide on photochemical stability of poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide composites

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/graphene oxide (GO) composites were prepared to improve the photochemical stability of PVA. The surface of GO was modified by oxyfluorination to introduce the polar functional groups on GO for the stronger interfacial interaction with PVA. The photochemical stability of PVA/oxyfluorinated-GO composites was evaluated by measuring the insoluble gel content after partial photodegradation of PVA under various UV irradiations. PVA/oxyfluorinated-GO composites showed the significant improvement in both the dispersion of GO in PVA matrix and the photochemical stability of PVA as the oxygen content increased in the oxyfluorination. The photochemical stability of composites had a close relation with the uniform distribution of GO in PVA matrix. The proper modification of GO by oxyfluorination showed the better photochemical stability for PVA/GO composites as compared to that of PVA/pristine GO composite.     

抗凝血生物医用聚氨酯材料研究进展

介绍了近20年来抗凝血聚氨酯材料用作人造导管及其表面改性的方法和途径。内容涉及亲水性修饰、肝素化、类肝素化,磷酸酯基团修饰及其他修饰方法等。     

聚芳醚酮的表面修饰及其在生物医用领域的应用

综述了特种工程塑料聚芳醚酮的表面修饰方法及其在生物医用领域的应用。重点介绍了选择性湿化学法和等离子体处理等聚芳醚酮表面改性方法及通过固定细胞外基质的生物功能化途径;最后,介绍了聚芳醚酮及改性聚芳醚酮在细胞培养基体、椎间融合器、关节摩擦面等临床植入体方面的应用进展,并对聚芳醚酮在生物医用领域的发展前景进行了展望。     

The surface modification of poly(ether-imide) by photochemical grafting

Summary The surface modification of poly(ether-imide) by the photochemical vapour phase grafting of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) is described. After grafting for four hours the contact angle of the film surface was 62° compared to a value of 80° for an untreated sample. XPS confirmed the presence of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate in the polymer surface.     

钛酸纳米管光催化剂的改性研究进展

钛酸纳米管具有高比表面积和光化学稳定性等特点,在光催化领域得到广泛的研究。为了拓宽可见光吸收范围和提高量子产率,需要对其进行改性。本文介绍了金属离子掺杂、贵金属沉积及复合半导体对钛酸纳米管光催化剂的改性研究最新进展,分别从实验制备及掺杂后的光催化特性入手,分析了各种改性方法的作用机理。最后指出了钛酸纳米管改性的进一步研究方向。