一种基于数学形态学的图像对比度增强算法

由于数学形态学边缘提取算法优于微分边缘提取算法,故提出一种数学形态学图像对比度增强方法.利用数学形态学的相关原理,使用双梯度多尺度、多结构元素进行边缘检测,成功地实现了对模糊图像的去模糊处理实验.仿真结果表明,该方法优于拉普拉斯去模糊方法,并且提取出的图像边缘较好地保持了原来的细节特征,去模糊效果好,图像的对比度得到明显增强.     

基于多尺度多方向结构元素的形态学图像边缘检测算法

为进一步改善图像处理中的噪声抑制和边缘检测性能,提出了一种多尺度多方向结构元素形态学图像边缘检测算法.该算法基于数学形态学中结构元素的方向性差异,充分利用了腐蚀、膨胀、开、闭及其变换和组合运算.对图像进行去噪、边缘提取等预处理操作,以提高图像的信噪比和边缘细节;利用递归的多尺度多方向结构元素形态学滤波得到图像的初始轮廓;利用多尺度形态学和多方向结构元素进行图像边缘检测.实验结果表明提出的算法抗噪性强,能有效准确地提取边缘信息.     

基于形态学增强和图像融合的板带钢缺陷检测

为了检测噪声和光照不均并存的多种类型的板带钢表面缺陷,提出了基于数学形态学增强和图像融合的缺陷检测算法。本文首先分别对图像作多结构形态学熵图像增强和多结构形态学边缘增强,其次对增强后的图像采用加权融合,并通过图像背景熵和增强图像的像素均值比确定权系数,最后对融合图像进行二值化处理以便于后续的缺陷识别及分类。 实验表明,本文算法不仅能准确检测出含有光照不均和大量噪声的板带钢图像中的表面缺陷,而且对于其他类型的板带钢缺陷图像也能获得较好的效果。除此之外,该算法具有较强的抗噪性和较高的稳定性。     

基于多尺度多结构元的彩色形态学边缘检测

针对图像中的几何特征和噪声特性,文章提出了一种基于多尺度多结构元的彩色形态学边缘检测算法。该方法首先在HSL空间定义了多结构元彩色形态学基本算子,在此基础上利用不同尺度的结构元素提取彩色图像边缘,然后用多尺度合并算法对各个边缘进行合成以得到边缘检测结果。经大量的实验证明,多尺度多结构元的彩色形态边缘检测有着比单一尺度结构元的彩色形态边缘检测更优越的性能,在有噪声干扰的情况下,和传统的方法相比,该算法能更好地抑制噪声并且提取更多有用的边缘信息,满足不同的应用需求。     

一种基于形态学的多结构元素多尺度图像边缘检测方法

提出了一种基于数学形态学算子的多结构元素多尺度边缘检测方法,首先构造6种具有代表性的结构元素,用改进的形态学边缘检测算子对灰度图像进行边缘检测,然后改变结构元素的尺寸大小得到多尺度下的边缘图像,根据不同尺度抗噪性能不同来确定权值,将不同尺度下的边缘图像合成,得到在噪声存在条件下较为理想的图像边缘,实验结果表明,与传统边缘检测算法相比,该算法在保持图像边缘清晰的同时,有很强的去除噪声能力,具有一定的实用性和可行性.     

一种基于多尺度形态学的彩色图像边缘检测方法

提出了一种基于多尺度形态学的彩色图像边缘检测方法.给出了利用不同尺度的结构元素提取彩色图像边缘,然后用多尺度合成算法对各个边缘进行合并以得到新的边缘的具体算法.该方法在提取细节边缘的同时可降低噪声对检测结果的影响,从而克服了传统边缘检测算法提取彩色图像细节边缘少及抑制噪声能力差的缺陷.     

LCD表面液晶污染的非接触检测新算法

针对液晶器件的特点,对其表面残留液晶的非接触式检测技术进行了研究,提出了基于迭代阈值分割和数学形态学的边缘检测方法,可以从目标区域中判断出液晶残留形貌与边缘.首先将原图按坐标分成若干子图像,再对子图像进行迭代阈值分割,然后采用不同尺度的结构元素来检测图像边缘,再进行加权合成来获得边缘图像,并从理论上分析了噪声对边缘提取的影响情况.实验表明,该方法很好地抑制了噪声和保持图像边缘细节,并且能够提取出精确且封闭的残留液晶的边缘轮廓,为下一步缺陷特征量的提取与选择奠定了基础.     

多尺度形态学边缘检测算法

形态学作为一门新兴的非线性图像处理技术,已得到人们的广泛关注,并应用于图像处理的许多方面。文中提出了一种结合形态学滤波的边缘检测算法,该算法采用自适应方法确定锥形结构元素,然后利用双锥形结构元素对图像进行形态学迭代滤波,对滤波后的图像进行多尺度形态学边缘检测,并将各尺度下边缘检测的结果进行合成,最终得到在噪声存在条件下较为理想的图像边缘,并且与其它边缘检测算法进行了对比实验,实验验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于小波去噪与改进Canny算法的带钢表面缺陷检测

针对带钢表面图像亮度不均匀、对比度低以及缺陷种类多、形式复杂的问题,提出一种基于小波去噪与改进Canny算法的带钢表面缺陷检测算法。首先通过小波变换将原始图像分解,对低频分量采用改进的同态滤波提高亮度和对比度,对高频分量采用改进的阈值函数进行去噪,并通过小波重构得到增强图像。其次对传统Canny算法进行改进,通过改进的自适应加权中值滤波进行平滑,并增加梯度方向模板;然后采用迭代式最优阈值选择法与最大类间方差法来求取高低阈值,提高算法的自适应性。最后采用形态学处理对缺陷边缘填充,并去除干扰边缘及毛刺,得到带钢表面缺陷区域。实验结果表明,所提算法对带钢表面缺陷的检测效果较好、精度较高,适用于多种类型的带钢表面缺陷检测。     

基于模糊增强的医学图像分割分水岭算法研究

医学图像存在病变区域和背景区域,病变区域是分割的重点。针对传统分水岭算法对噪声敏感和易于产生过分割的问题,提出了一种将多尺度形态学边缘检测、模糊增强和控制标记符分水岭相结合的分割策略。该方法首先结合大结构元素和小结构元素各自的优点,用多尺度形态学边缘检测降弱过分割;其次用模糊增强算法使原始医学图像中粗细的边缘都能够得到增强;最后采用基于前景和背景标记的分水岭分割算法进行分割。仿真实验表明,该算法不仅可以有效的克服分水岭变换严重的过分割问题,得到有意义的区域分割,而且还具有较强的区域轮廓定位能力,不需要再进行后续的合并处理,算法简单,同时具有多尺度的特点,能够适应医学图像分类与信息提取的需求。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.