基于卓越服务的新型电力客户关系管理体系思考

当前电力客户对于电力服务需求已经逐步上升到了高级阶段,更加强调服务模式的创新以及服务内涵的延伸,所以,在电力市场化改革不断深入的现实背景下,电力企业有必要结合多元化发展的服务需求以及多元化发展的市场主体,重新构建服务价值链条,重新审视和关注电力客户关系管理。鉴于此,本文将结合电力企业市场竞争以及公益保障的双重属性,分析讨论如何构建电力企业与客户之间的价值共同体。     

从配合三菱重工现场服务解析东汽的服务力

通过与三菱并肩服务燃机项目，深刻体会到服务力是企业的体制、技术水平、人才资源占有量及企业品牌的全面体现。确认服务力就是企业的核心竞争力。在解析服务力的同时看到自身存在的弱点和与他人的差距，明确了改进的方向，尽快构建适合自己企业的、包含“二十四小时精神”的服务力，去迎接下一个经济周期市场竞争的挑战。     

基于服务生命周期的智能服务管理平台设计

随着智能电网中信息集成需求及集成服务数量的不断增长,导致服务管理缺失,服务重用性降低.智能服务管理平台以服务生命周期模型为基础,通过创建技术平台和管理流程,明确管理角色与职责,构筑高质量、运行可控的服务,实现服务专业化管理,促进服务的重用与优化.基于服务全生命周期管理的智能服务管理平台的设计,符合国家电网公司应用集成现...     

浅谈湖南调频辅助服务市场建设思考

湖南正处于"两个细则"和调峰辅助服务市场并轨运行阶段,调频辅助服务市场建设迫在眉睫.本文分析了湖南省现行"两个细则"中调频服务规则存在的问题,对比国内其他省份的调频辅助服务市场建设情况,对湖南省调频辅助服务市场的建设提出建议.     

推动我国能源服务出口刍议

近年来,我国能源行业发展迅猛,能源企业"走出去"参与了一些国际能源服务项目。但整体上我国对能源服务出口重视程度不高,尚未进行过系统研究。本文在分析我国能源服务出口现状和存在差距的基础上,提出了将能源服务出口纳入我国能源发展战略和规划的思路,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

液化石油气服务品质的提升

随着社会的发展,传统的燃气用户服务模式正在向新的服务模式转变,需要燃气企业不断提升服务能力加以应对.采用比较分析法对液化石油气供应服务相关政策法规、技术标准进行了分析,并从服务能力5要素出发,深入挖掘提升液化石油气服务能力的方法.提出液化石油气企业应严格按照国家和地方相关燃气法规和标准要求为广大用户提供服务,同时结合当下液化石油气供应服务模式智能化发展方向,围绕服务服务能力5要素提出了提升液化石油气服务能力的具体措施和方法.新服务模式下,液化石油气经营企业只有持续提升自身的服务行为和质量水平,才能更好地为社会提供安全、高效、便捷、多样化的清洁能源服务.     

德国莱茵TüV集团在中国市场加快本地化测试进程

德国莱茵TüV集团自1872年成立以来，秉承品质认证，责任为先的理念，依托遍布全球近60个国家和地区的300多个分支机构，在工业服务交通服务，产品服务，健康保健服务，教育咨询服务以及体系服务等各大领域内，通过提供一流的测试认证服务，不断地为人们获取安全高质的产品和生活环境提供保障。     

一个节能服务公司的免税之路

为促进节能减排,推进节能服务产业发展,我国出台了相关的免税、退税等税收优惠政策,这些利好政策对节能服务企业来说无疑是一个莫大的鼓励和支持,让节能服务人员倍感欣喜与安慰。然而,实际情况可能却并不如想象中的那么理想与完美,很多节能服务企业都不能充分享受到该政策福利,或者是为了享受该福利还需走一段艰辛而漫长路程。近日,本刊记者对一家节能服务公司在申请免税过程中所遇到的问题和具体情形进行了深入采访，了解到免税申请难是该行业存在的普遍问题。     

Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species. Part 1: Summer harvest

Woody biomass in Finland and Sweden comprises mainly four wood species: spruce, pine, birch and aspen. To study the ash, which may cause problems for the combustion device, one tree of each species were cut down and prepared for comparisons with fuel samples. Well-defined samples of wood, bark and foliage were analyzed on 11 ash-forming elements: Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, K, P, S and Cl. The ash content in the wood tissues (0.2–0.7%) was low compared to the ash content in the bark tissues (1.9–6.4%) and the foliage (2.4–7.7%). The woods’ content of ash-forming elements was consequently low; the highest contents were of Ca (410–1340 ppm) and K (200–1310), followed by Mg (70–290), Mn (15–240) and P (0–350). Present in the wood was also Si (50–190), S (50–200) and Cl (30–110). The bark tissues showed much higher element contents; Ca (4800–19,100 ppm) and K (1600–6400) were the dominating elements, followed by Mg (210–2400), P (210–1200), Mn (110–1100) and S (310–750), but the Cl contents (40–330) were only moderately higher in the bark than in the wood. The young foliage (shoots and deciduous leaves) had the highest K (7100–25,000 ppm), P (1600–5300) and S (1100–2600) contents of all tissues, while the shoots of spruce had the highest Cl contents (820–1360) and its needles the highest Si content (5000–11,300). This paper presented a new approach in fuel characterization: the method excludes the presence of impurities, and focus on different categories of plant tissues. This made it possible to discuss the contents of ash element in a wide spectrum of fuel-types, which are of large importance for the energy production in Finland and Sweden.     

NEXT GENERATION ENGINEERED MATERIALS FOR ULTRA SUPERCRITICAL STEAM TURBINES

正1 ABSTRACT To reduce the effect of global warming on our climate,the levels of CO2emissions should be reduced.One way to do this is to increase the efficiency of electricity production from fossil fuels.This will in turn reduce the amount of CO2emissions for a given power output.Using US practice for efficiency calculations,then a move from a typical US plant running at 37%efficiency to a 760℃/38.5 MPa(1 400/5 580 psi)plant running at 48%efficiency would reduce CO2emissions by 170kg/MW.hr or 25%.     

Contents in Volume 23,2014

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Aerodynamic performance effects of leading-edge geometry in gas-turbine blades

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the advantages of the direct surface-curvature distribution blade-design method, originally proposed by Korakianitis, for the leading-edge design of turbine blades, and by extension for other types of airfoil shapes. The leading edge shape is critical in the blade design process, and it is quite difficult to completely control with inverse, semi-inverse or other direct-design methods. The blade-design method is briefly reviewed, and then the effort is concentrated on smoothly blending the leading edge shape (circle or ellipse, etc.) with the main part of the blade surface, in a manner that avoids leading-edge flow-disturbance and flow-separation regions. Specifically in the leading edge region we return to the second-order (parabolic) construction line coupled with a revised smoothing equation between the leading-edge shape and the main part of the blade. The Hodson–Dominy blade has been used as an example to show the ability of this blade-design method to remove leading-edge separation bubbles in gas turbine blades and other airfoil shapes that have very sharp changes in curvature near the leading edge. An additional gas turbine blade example has been used to illustrate the ability of this method to design leading edge shapes that avoid leading-edge separation bubbles at off-design conditions. This gas turbine blade example has inlet flow angle 0°, outlet flow angle −64.3°, and tangential lift coefficient 1.045, in a region of parameters where the leading edge shape is critical for the overall blade performance. Computed results at incidences of −10°,   −5°,   +5°,   +10° are used to illustrate the complete removal of leading edge flow-disturbance regions, thus minimizing the possibility of leading-edge separation bubbles, while concurrently minimizing the stagnation pressure drop from inlet to outlet. These results using two difficult example cases of leading edge geometries illustrate the superiority and utility of this blade-design method when compared with other direct or inverse blade-design methods.     

Hydrogen production by steam-gasification of carbonaceous materials using concentrated solar energy – V. Reactor modeling,optimization, and scale-up

A chemical reactor for the steam-gasification of carbonaceous particles (e.g. coal, coke) is considered for using concentrated solar radiation as the energy source of high-temperature process heat. A two-phase reactor model that couples radiative, convective, and conductive heat transfer to the chemical kinetics is applied to optimize the reactor geometrical configuration and operational parameters (feedstock's initial particle size, feeding rates, and solar power input) for maximum reaction extent and solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency of a 5 kW prototype reactor and its scale-up to 300 kW. For the 300 kW reactor, complete reaction extent is predicted for an initial feedstock particle size up to 35 μm at residence times of less than 10 s and peak temperatures of 1818 K, yielding high-quality syngas with a calorific content that has been solar-upgraded by 19% over that of the petcoke gasified.     

汽轮机数字电液调节系统挂闸异常的技术完善

分析了200MW汽轮机数字电液调节系统在运行中存在的挂闸异常问题,采取了相应的技术处理措施,且运行实践效果良好。     

新型高压共轨ECU升压模块的数字化开发与优化

为了提高喷油器电磁阀的响应速率,提出了一种基于CPLD(复杂可编程逻辑器件)应用于高压共轨ECU的数字升压模块。鉴于该升压电路结构参数多,其升压电压的恢复响应要求高等特征,基于Pspice建立了升压电路的仿真模型,研究了不同电路参数下升压模块的输出特性,全面优化了该升压模块的性能。结果显示,该升压模块的最大转换效率可以达90%以上。在柴油发动机上对ECU的试验表明,升压电压最大波动不超过10%,其恢复时间仅为1.3ms,功率管最大温升仅为41℃,满足整机运行范围内ECU的需求。     

Trace metal chemistry and silicification of microorganisms in geothermal sinter, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

As part of a pilot study investigating the role of microorganisms in the immobilisation of As, Sb, B, Tl and Hg, the inorganic geochemistry of seven different active sinter deposits and their contact fluids were characterised. A comprehensive series of sequential extractions for a suite of trace elements was carried out on siliceous sinter and a mixed silica-carbonate sinter. The extractions showed whether metals were loosely exchangeable or bound to carbonate, oxide, organic or crystalline fractions. Hyperthermophilic microbial communities associated with sinters deposited from high temperature (92–94°C) fluids at a variety of geothermal sources were investigated using SEM. The rapidity and style of silicification of the hyperthermophiles can be correlated with the dissolved silica content of the fluid. Although high concentrations of Hg and Tl were found associated with the organic fraction of the sinters, there was no evidence to suggest that any of the heavy metals were associated preferentially with the hyperthermophiles at the high temperature (92–94°C) ends of the terrestrial thermal spring ecosystems studied.     

Assessment methods of material ageing using Sdobyrev''s creep rupture model

The physical aspects of the activation energy, in higher and high temperatures, of the metal creep process were examined. The research results of creep-rupture in a uniaxial stress state and the criterion of creep-rupture in biaxial stress states, at two temperatures, are then presented. For these studies creep-rupture, taking case iron as an example the energy and pseudoenergy activation was determined. For complex stress states the criterion of creep-rupture was taken to be Sdobyrev's, i.e. σ_red = σ₁ β + (1 − β)σ_i, where: σ₁-maximal principal stress, σ_i-stress intensity, β-material constant (at variable temperature β = β(T)). The methods of assessment of the material ageing grade are given in percentages of ageing of new material in the following mechanical properties: 1) creep strength in uniaxial stress state, 2) activation energy in uniaxial stress state, 3) criterion creep strength in complex stress states, 4) activation pseudoenergy in complex stress states. The methods 1) and 3) are the relatively simplest because they result from experimental investigations only at nominal temperature of the structure work, however, for methods 2) and 4) it is necessary to perform the experimental investigations at least at two temperatures.     

Production of hydrogen from sewage biosolids in a continuously fed bioreactor: Effect of hydraulic retention time and sparging

Hydrogen was produced from primary sewage biosolids via mesophilic anaerobic fermentation in a continuously fed bioreactor. Prior to fermentation the sewage biosolids were heated to 70 °C for 1 h to inactivate methanogens and during fermentation a cellulose degrading enzyme was added to improve substrate availability. Hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 18, 24, 36 and 48 h were evaluated for the duration of hydrogen production. Without sparging a hydraulic retention time of 24 h resulted in the longest period of hydrogen production (3 days), during which a hydrogen yield of 21.9 L H₂ kg⁻¹ VS added to the bioreactor was achieved. Methods of preventing the decline of hydrogen production during continuous fermentation were evaluated. Of the techniques evaluated using nitrogen gas to sparge the bioreactor contents proved to be more effective than flushing just the headspace of the bioreactor. Sparging at 0.06 L L min⁻¹ successfully prevented a decline in hydrogen production and resulted in a yield of 27.0  L H₂ kg⁻¹ VS added, over a period of greater than 12 days or 12 HRT. The use of sparging also delayed the build up of acetic acid in the bioreactor, suggesting that it serves to inhibit homoacetogenesis and thus maintain hydrogen production.