我国陶瓷喷墨打印技术专利信息检索汇总分析

本文对十几年来公开公告的我国陶瓷喷墨打印技术专利信息进行了系统的检索和分析,全面展现了我国陶瓷喷墨打印技术的现状、专利申请的分布,以及涉及领域的实际情况,并分析了我国陶瓷喷墨打印技术的发展趋势,为我国陶瓷喷墨打印技术的研究和应用提供了参考数据。     

浅谈陶瓷喷墨打印技术

陶瓷喷墨打印技术是近几年陶瓷行业的热点技术之一,也是建筑陶瓷生产企业用于釉面的最新技术。笔者从陶瓷喷墨打印技术的发展现状入手,介绍了陶瓷喷墨打印技术的特点、装饰效果以及在行业内的应用情况,并分析了陶瓷喷墨打印技术在我国快速发展的原因。重点介绍了陶瓷喷墨打印机核心技术墨水和喷头的性能要求、制造方法及使用情况,采用分散法制造墨水的工艺要求,并对国内外墨水性能、价格及稳定性能进行了分析对比;在研究国外主要喷头制造商性能参数的基础上,提出了陶瓷喷墨打印机喷头的发展方向,对现阶段陶瓷喷墨打印技术存在的问题进行了分析,指出随着喷墨打印机喷头的进一步改进,喷墨打印技术将向着喷釉、喷干粉的发展方向,逐步成为瓷砖装饰印花、施釉的主要技术手段。     

创新驱动陶瓷喷墨印花技术异军突起

在陶瓷行业,喷墨打印产品被认为是最具影响力的产品之一,甚至有人认为,陶瓷行业正进入“喷墨打印时代”,喷墨打印技术并不新鲜,但是真正引入中国是从斯米克陶瓷、诺贝尔磁砖开始的。作为陶瓷产业主产区的佛山等地也开始引入喷墨打印技术,金牌亚洲、新明珠集团、金意陶瓷砖等企业先后引入喷墨打印技术,并陆续推出了喷墨打印产品。     

陶瓷喷墨打印设备的发展前景展望

喷墨打印技术在陶瓷生产领域的应用快速增长。笔者介绍了喷墨打印技术的优势,展望了陶瓷喷墨打印机的市场需求。     

陶瓷喷墨打印设备的发展前景展望

喷墨打印技术在陶瓷生产领域的应用快速增长。笔者介绍了喷墨打印技术的优势,展望了陶瓷喷墨打印机的市场需求。     

陶瓷墨水的制备及其应用

陶瓷数字喷墨打印技术是一种极具潜力的陶瓷装饰技术,是现代计算机技术与陶瓷装饰材料技术相结合的产物,其具有传统陶瓷装饰工艺无可比拟的的优势。本文探讨了喷墨打印陶瓷墨水的制备及其在陶瓷制造中的应用。通过分析陶瓷墨水的合成方法、墨水的性能要求和喷墨陶瓷打印工艺的应用等领域的最新进展情况,笔者认为喷墨打印陶瓷墨水的成功研发及其与喷墨打印机兼容性研究是该技术应用的基础,喷墨陶瓷打印技术可为实现陶瓷制品表面装饰的复杂化、自动化提供新的技术路线和解决方案,因而在制备高附加值瓷砖领域,具有巨大的竞争力,显示出良好的应用前景。     

我国具有自主知识产权陶瓷墨水成功研制

7月10日下午,经华南理工大学专家教授一致评定。华南理工大学博士后张翼研究的项目成果《喷墨打印陶瓷色料的制备》处于国内领先水平,目前已成功制备出符合喷墨打印要求的蓝色和黄色墨水以及喷墨打印样板。蓝色、黄色陶瓷墨水目前能应用于喷墨打印陶瓷喷墨打印技术是将含有超细陶瓷色料的墨水通过大型平板喷墨打印机直接打印在釉面砖生坯表面的一种陶瓷装饰技术。     

读者信箱

问:新型陶瓷数字喷墨印刷机有哪些技术特点及技术优势?其主要应用在陶瓷产品的哪些方面?答:自从2009年华东地区和佛山地区的部分一线陶瓷品牌企业先后引进了陶瓷数字喷墨打印技术装备。推出了数字化陶瓷产品以来,陶瓷喷墨打印技术已经成为业内人士热捧和研究对象。数字喷墨打印技术有其技术优     

喷墨打印用陶瓷墨水的研究现状

陶瓷喷墨打印技术在我国陶瓷行业受到高度关注。和传统的陶瓷印刷技术相比,陶瓷喷墨打印技术对颜料的粒径分布、平均粒径、形貌和分散性以及油墨的制备等提出了更高的要求,国内的陶瓷墨水的进口量仍较大。本文综述了陶瓷墨水的多种制备方法,并介绍了喷墨打印相比传统印刷的优势,并对喷墨打印用陶瓷墨水制备技术进行了展望。     

喷墨打印技术在陶瓷生产中的应用

近几年来,数码喷墨印花技术在国内陶瓷印花行业中得到了应用和推广。随着国产喷墨打印机的推出、国产喷墨墨水的研制,以及陶瓷企业对喷墨打印产品的不断创新,喷墨印花技术已成为行业内的热门话题。本文主要阐述了喷墨打印技术在陶瓷印花中的应用和技术特点。     

Preparation and surface-active properties of the sodium soaps,mono- and diethanolamides and diol and triol sulfates of cycloaliphatic C21 Di- and C22 Tricarboxylic acids

Cycloaliphatic C₂₁ di- and C₂₂ tricarboxylic acids were prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of dehydrated castor oil (DCO) fatty acids (containing 48% conjugated and 42% nonconjugated dienes) with acrylic and fumaric acids, respectively. The reaction temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and mole ratio of reactants were varied to get maximum yields of the di- and tricarboxylic acids. The unreacted DCO fatty acids were removed from the products by partition between aqueous methanol and n-hexane. The products were converted to methyl esters and characterized as the substituted cyclohexene derivatives before and after dehydrogenation with Pd/C in xylene, hydrogenation with Pd/C in decalin and oxidation with periodate-permanganate reagent and by mass and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The acids were converted to sodium soaps, mono- and diethanolamides and the corresponding diol and triol sulfates, and the resulting products were evaluated for their surface-active properties. The sodium soaps showed better calcium tolerance and poorer foaming power than sodium oleate. The diethanolamides were inferior to lauroyl diethanolamide in wetting and emulsifying power. The monoethanolamides were better than the respective diethanolamides and lauroyl diethanolamide in wetting property. The diol and triol sulfates were poorer in wetting and emulsifying ability and better in calcium tolerance than sodium lauryl sulfate.     

民用工业中复合材料桁架的应用和发展

本文叙述了复合材料桁架的构造、分类和计算方法,突出了复合材料桁架的优越性能和在民用工业中的应用前景;在分析大量文献资料的基础上阐述复合材料桁架杆件的多种加工工艺,并比较不同截面形式对杆件性能的影响;探讨复合材料杆件的破坏机理和分析方法,介绍节点的类型和各自的特点,提出节点及连接部位存在的关键问题;根据国内外复合材料桁架的研究和应用现状,阐述了复合材料桁架的性能和不同的设计方法,总结归纳影响复合材料桁架性能的关键因素和设计中存在的一些问题,并提出改进杆件设计、节点设计和优化复合材料桁架的建议。     

熟料岩相试样制作方法及典型岩相特征的形成原因

熟料的岩相分析有助于熟料质量的判断及生产过程控制调整。根据多年实践经验,总结了手工和机械磨制岩相试样的方法及注意事项,并对几种熟料岩相特征(孔洞、游离氧化钙、A矿包裹B矿和f-Ca O、晶体尺寸不均和矿巢)进行了举例和形成原因分析。     

Enzymes-Assisted Extraction of Plants for Sustainable and Functional Applications

The scientific community and industrial companies have discovered significant enzyme applications to plant material. This rise imparts to changing consumers’ demands while searching for ‘clean label’ food products, boosting the immune system, uprising resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases, and climate change challenges. First, enzymes were used for enhancing production yield with mild and not hazardous applications. However, enzyme specificity, activity, plant origin and characteristics, ratio, and extraction conditions differ depending on the goal. As a result, researchers have gained interest in enzymes’ ability to cleave specific bonds of macroelements and release bioactive compounds by enhancing value and creating novel derivatives in plant extracts. The extract is enriched with reducing sugars, phenolic content, and peptides by disrupting lignocellulose and releasing compounds from the cell wall and cytosolic. Nonetheless, depolymerizing carbohydrates and using specific enzymes form and release various saccharides lengths. The latest studies show that oligosaccharides released and formed by enzymes have a high potential to be slowly digestible starches (SDS) and possibly be labeled as prebiotics. Additionally, they excel in new technological, organoleptic, and physicochemical properties. Released novel derivatives and phenolic compounds have a significant role in human and animal health and gut-microbiota interactions, affecting many metabolic pathways. The latest studies have contributed to enzyme-modified extracts and products used for functional, fermented products development and sustainable processes: in particular, nanocellulose, nanocrystals, nanoparticles green synthesis with drug delivery, wound healing, and antimicrobial properties. Even so, enzymes’ incorporation into processes has limitations and is regulated by national and international levels.     

Effects of Extraction Temperature and Preservation Method on Functionality of Soy Protein

The effects of extraction temperature and preservation method on the functional properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) were determined. Four extraction temperatures (25, 40, 60, and 80 °C) were used to produce SPI and yields of solids and protein contents were determined. Three preservation methods were also tested (spray-drying, freeze-drying, and freezing–thawing) and compared to fresh (undried) samples for each extraction temperature. No differences in yields of solids and protein were observed among SPIs extracted at 25, 40, and 60 °C; however, SPI extracted at 80 °C yielded significantly less solids and protein. Extraction temperature significantly affected SPI functionality. As extraction temperature increased, solubility and emulsification capacity decreased; surface hydrophobicities, emulsification activities and stabilities, and dynamic viscosities increased; and foaming properties improved. Preservation method also significantly affected SPI functionality. Drying method did not affect the denaturation enthalpies of SPIs, but spray-dried SPIs had higher solubilities, surface hydrophobicities, and emulsification stabilities, and lower viscosities, emulsification activities and rates of foaming than freeze-dried SPI exhibited. Emulsification and foaming capacities and foaming stabilities were similar for both methods of drying. There was significant interaction between extraction temperature and preservation method for all functional properties except emulsification capacity.     

Role of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) carbohydrates in resistance to budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis)

The current year's growth of Douglas fir contains galactose, unusual in that this carbohydrate makes up 78.7% of the total carbohydrate fraction. An agar diet study was undertaken to determine the effects of galactose, other carbohydrates, and terpenes on western spruce budworm larval mortality, growth rate, and adult biomas production. All concentrations of the carbohydrates and terpenes tested, as well as other mineral elements not tested, were typical of the current year's foliage of Douglas fir. In experiment I, the diet containing 5.61% total carbohydrate did not significantly affect larval mortality when compared to the control diet. However, diets containing 9.45% and 15% total carbohydrate concentrations significantly increased larval mortality 64% and 96.1%, respectively, when compared to the control. Also in experiment I, terpenes alone (78.9% morality) and terpenes in combination with 9.45% and 15% total carbohydrates significantly increased larval mortality (97.2% and 100%, respectively) when compared to mortality on the control diet (44%). To determine which carbohydrate was causing the adverse effect, 6% glucose, 6% fructose, and 6% galactose were placed individually and in combination with terpenes in diets in experiment II. The 6% galactose diet significantly increased larval mortality and reduced growth rate when compared to the control, glucose, and fructose diets. Glucose resulted in 16% less larval mortality, significantly enhanced female larval growth rate and pupal weight, but did not affect male larval growth rate and pupal weight, when compared to the control. Fructose resulted in a significant decrease in larval mortality and a general trend of enhanced female and male larval growth rate and pupal weight. Larval mortality on terpenes alone was not significantly different from the control, but terpenes with 6% galactose increased larval mortality and decreased female and male growth rate and pupal weight significantly when compared to glucose-terpene and fructose-terpene diets. No significant interactions were found between carbohydrates and terpenes in either experiment.     

COMBINED INNOVATIVE HEAT PUMP DRYING TECHNOLOGIES AND NEW COLD EXTRUSION TECHNIQUES FOR PRODUCTION OF INSTANT FOODS

There is an increased demand for convenient foods including ready-to-eat and instant products. These products are desired with minimum concentration of synthetic chemicals. This creates challenges for the food industry and dryers manufactures to develop new technologies to process difficult-sensitive materials and to supply final products with high quality and improved properties. Fruits and vegetables are mainly composed of water, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Due to modification of chemical and physical bonds the compounds the material becomes viscous and sticky during processing. Conventional dryers have limitations in handling such sensitive materials. Heat pump dryers have been applied in the production of a diversity of ready-to-eat foods and dried instant products for the last five years at SINTEF-NTNU. Besides being energetically efficient and environmentally friendly, the heat pump drying technology provides a wide range of drying conditions as required to produce powders with improved characteristics. This work describes the new technologies and processing line for the production of instant foods as well as the measurements on the properties and quality attributes for raw, intermediate and final instant products.     

Environment and colour: The technological interface

Technology and colour are viewed as interfaces between the environment, humans and human activity. Examples are provided of ways of facilitating and improving access to and use of colours by commercial users of colour coatings through improvements in the accuracy of measuring and displaying colour. By analogy, the task of providing effective interfaces within the coatings industry, between the coatings industry and the environment and between the coatings industry and the public and political domain are discussed. Examples of information shortfalls are cited to illustrate how distortions arise. Examples of more effective, integrated technological, organisational and political interfacing are culled from the author's experiences.     

毒死蜱、联苯菊酯在室内和室外土壤中的消解动态及土壤化学屏障研究

[目的]探讨毒死蜱和联苯菊酯在室内外土壤中的消解动态,并预测2种农药作为土壤化学屏障防治白蚁的有效期。[方法]采用气相色谱法测定不同时期土壤中毒死蜱和联苯菊酯的残留量并采用土壤穿透法测定2种农药在土壤中的生物活性。[结果]毒死蜱在室内和室外的半衰期分别为51.3、39.5 d,联苯菊酯在室内和室外的半衰期分别为31.3、44.5 d。毒死蜱和联苯菊酯抗白蚁穿透的最低有效质量分数分别为6.15、5.78 mg/kg,并结合消解动态方程预测出毒死蜱和联苯菊酯作为土壤化学屏障中有效成分的有效期在室内分别为195、29.1 d,在室外则分别为158.4、56.1 d。[结论]得到的白蚁防治有效期结果较好,为白蚁的化学防治提供理论依据。     

工业纯锆产品的性能和应用

1前言锆(Zirconium)的元素符号为Zr,位于元素周期表中第IV-B族元素,银白色金属。它具有熔点高、密度适中、良好的强度和塑性匹配,而且热中子吸收