钨合金细观参数对其宏观屈服强度的影响

通过细观分析,给出钨颗粒相的形状、组分和两相力学参数对钨合金宏观屈服强度的影响.其中,钨颗粒看作基体上的夹杂,在小变形条件下假设钨颗粒仅发生弹性变形,而钨合金的宏观屈服强度决定于基体相的屈服强度.在该假设基础上,利用Eshelby方法及Mori-Tanake平均应力概念计算分析了不同钨合金材料,特别是不同变形量工艺处理的钨合金材料的宏观屈服强度,计算结果与实验结果基本一致.     

高比重钨合金力学性能影响因素分析

首先考虑液相烧结工艺条件及组分对高比重钨合金微结构和各相性质的影响，再从细观力学的角度考虑高体积百分比钨合金微结构及各相性质对复合材料有效力学性质的影响，从而架起工艺条件及组分与钨合金力学性能之间关系的桥梁，为分析高比重钨合金性能从理论上建立一套方法，从材料设计和制备的角度实现对这种材料性能优化提供一种方案。并应用上述模型和方法对用粉末冶金法制备的两种不同钨含量的钨合金材料微结构和力学性能进行分析。     

有限元结合纳米压痕法确定ZnO薄膜的压电系数

为准确表征横观各向同性ZnO薄膜材料的压电性能,以沉积在硅基底上的ZnO薄膜为研究对象,结合有限元法和纳米压痕法确定了ZnO薄膜的压电系数.正向分析,用ABAQUS软件的压电模块模拟了纳米压痕实验,分别确定了薄膜压电系数与最大加载力、加载曲线指数之间的无量纲方程.反向分析,对ZnO薄膜/硅基底体系进行纳米压痕实验,将实...     

Al-Cu合金纳米析出相回溶和再析出的研究现状及

综述了Al-Cu合金在强塑性变形过程中纳米析出相的演变规律,室温强塑性变形诱导Al-Cu合金析出相回溶,导致基体重新形成过饱和固溶体,继续对合金进行强塑性变形或时效处理,基体中析出再析出相,合金的力学性能显著提高。综合分析了析出相回溶的机理、机制及回溶和再析出对Al-Cu合金组织和性能的影响,阐述了Al-Cu合金纳米析出相回溶和再析出的研究方向和发展趋势,以期为制备性能优异的Al-Cu合金材料提供理论参考。     

钨及钨合金的研发和应用现状

介绍了钨及钨合金材料的研究进展及动向,包括纯化技术、细化研究、强韧化研究、复合材料的研究等,并对当前研究较多的钨合金材料,主要是耐震钨丝、纳米钨合金、钨电极材料、钨基复合材料等的制备工艺、合金性能及应用开发现状进行了阐述.     

Al-Cu合金纳米析出相回溶和再析出的研究现状及发展趋势

综述了Al-Cu合金在强塑性变形过程中纳米析出相的演变规律,室温强塑性变形诱导Al-Cu合金析出相回溶,导致基体重新形成过饱和固溶体,继续对合金进行强塑性变形或时效处理,基体中析出再析出相,合金的力学性能显著提高。综合分析了析出相回溶的机理、机制及回溶和再析出对Al-Cu合金组织和性能的影响,阐述了Al-Cu合金纳米析出相回溶和再析出的研究方向和发展趋势,以期为制备性能优异的Al-Cu合金材料提供理论参考。     

双重复合硬质合金力学性能细观研究

通过纳米压痕实验计算得到双重复合硬质合金的力性参数,在此基础上通过有限元法结合弹塑性断裂力学理论计算其断裂韧性和加载应力场分布,并加以实验验证.结果表明:可通过纳米压痕实验与因次分析相结合获取材料细观力学性能参数,以此为基础预测其性能.     

钨合金材料的动态拉伸实验研究

采用旋转盘式间接杆-杆型冲击拉伸装置(SHTB)对颗粒度分别为2, 5μm和20μm的三种91%(质量分数)细化钨合金材料在动态冲击载荷作用下的力学性能进行了实验研究,分析了三种钨合金在应变率为0.001, 200, 500s-1时动态力学性能,给出了颗粒度大小与材料屈服强度的关系;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对动态拉伸实验中回收的试件断口进行断口分析,研究钨合金在不同应变率状态下材料的破坏特征,在动态拉伸载荷作用下钨合金材料呈现出一种混合破坏模式包括钨颗粒的劈裂以及颗粒与基体界面的开裂.     

考虑界面效应的复合泡沫塑料弹性性能数值仿真预测与试验研究

通过对不同空心陶瓷微珠含量的环氧基复合泡沫塑料进行准静态拉伸实验,研究了填充微珠的体积分数对复合泡沫塑料弹性模量和泊松比的影响.基于其细观结构特征,利用三维立方单胞有限元模型模拟了细观应力/应变场;将内聚力单元引入细观有限元模型,以此来模拟空心微珠与基体材料之间界面相的力学行为.将有限元预测结果以及两种传统的细观解析法与实验数据对比,发现基于界面理想粘接假设的有限元模型和传统细观解析法均过高估计了复合泡沫塑料的弹性模量和泊松比;复合泡沫塑料的弹性性能强烈地依赖于界面相的力学性质,只有考虑界面效应的细观有限元模型才能给出较为精确的预测,从而验证了文中细观建模方法的合理性.     

液力挤压法制备新型钨合金穿甲弹芯材料技术

采用液力挤压法制备新型钨合金穿甲弹芯材料,较常规钨合金材料变形加工技术相比,其最大优势是仅通过一次变形可使钨合金材料的性能得到大幅度提高.可对现役、在研各口径、各长细比钨合金穿甲弹进行技术改造和移植.为钨合金穿甲弹芯材料的变形加工提供新的有效技术途径.     

Reasons for superior mechanical and corrosion properties of 2219 aluminum alloy electron beam welds

Electron beam welds of aluminum alloy 2219 offer much higher strength compared to gas tungsten arc welds of the same alloy and the reasons for this have not been fully explored. In this study both types of welds were made and mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile testing and pitting corrosion resistance by potentio dynamic polarization tests. It is shown that electron beam welds exhibit superior mechanical and corrosion properties. The weld metals have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy and electron probe micro analysis. Presence of partially disintegrated precipitates in the weld metal, finer micro porosity and uniform distribution of copper in the matrix were found to be the reasons for superior properties of electron beam welds apart from the fine equiaxed grain structure. Transmission electron micrographs of the heat affected zones revealed the precipitate disintegration and over aging in gas tungsten arc welds.     

难变形材料热静液挤压复合精密塑性成形工艺

目的 研究热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在高密度钨合金、钨铜合金、钛基复合材料及镁合金薄壁细管等难变形材料方面的制备。方法 通过对高密度钨合金难变形材料进行热静液挤压及旋转锻造等塑性成形,分析了材料在成形过程中的微观组织及性能变化规律和强化机制,制备出大长径比穿甲弹弹芯材料。在此基础上,将该复合塑性变形技术拓展至两相不互溶材料钨铜合金、钛基复合材料及大长径比镁合金毛细管等难变形材料方面的制备。结果 热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在粉末冶金难变形材料的致密化方面具有显著优势,获得材料不仅致密度高,而且有效实现了控形控性;对于镁合金薄壁细管成形而言,也可以实现组织与性能的有效调配,同时材料的精度较高。结论 热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在难变形材料的制备与成形方面具有独特的优势与广阔的应用前景。     

Mechanical Properties of an Fe‐Based SAM2×5‐630 Metallic Glass Matrix Composite with Tungsten Particle Additions

We present the role of tungsten additions on the mechanical properties of a Fe‐based structural amorphous metal (SAM2×5‐630) containing crystalline tungsten. Matrix cracking by microindentation is inhibited by the addition of tungsten and indicates that tungsten improves the fracture toughness. Response surfaces from nanoindentation arrays indicate that the hardness and modulus of the matrix phase are increased by tungsten additions. Bulk composites with 30 vol% tungsten subjected to 4‐point flexure exhibited brittle fracture behavior and the characteristic strength and Weibull modulus were 165 and 8.7 MPa, respectively. The addition of tungsten did not cause devitrification of the matrix phase.     

High Temperature Tensile Properties of 30 vol. pct ZrC_p/W Composite

In order to improve the high temperature strength of tungsten, 30 vol. pct ZrC particles were added to the tungsten matrix to form a 30ZrCp/W composite. The tensile properties from 20C to 1880C of the composite were examined. It was shown that with increasing testing temperature, the nonlinearity of the stress strain curve of 30ZrCp/W composite becames obvious over 1200C and the Young's modulus decreases and the elongation increases. The ultimate tensile strength increases at first and then decreases with increasing testing temperature. The maximum strength of 431 MPa was obtained at 1000C. The strengthening mechanism at high temperatures is the load transfer to ZrC particles and dislocation strengthening of the tungsten matrix with an effect of grain boundary strengthening.     

激光熔覆微-纳米碳化钨复合涂层结构与性能研究

以微米和纳米级晶粒Co包碳化钨为增强相,自熔合金粉末Ni60B为粘结剂,采用激光熔覆的方法在45钢表面制备出微-纳米碳化钨增强Ni基合金复合涂层.采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射等手段对粉末和涂层的相结构、显微组织等进行了分析观察,采用显微硬度计分析了涂层表面硬度随成分的变化规律和截面硬度的分布曲线.结果表明,纳米碳化钨粉末的添加有助于改善涂层的熔覆性能和提高涂层的表面硬度.     

Microstructure, Elastic Modulus and Tensile Properties of Ti-Nb-O Alloy System

In the present study Ti-Nb binary alloy system was chosen because it has excellent biocompatibility as well as reasonable mechanical properties,aiming at understanding oxygen content on microstructural formation, elastic modulus and tensile properties in Ti-Nb alloy system.Small alloy buttons of 50 mm in diameter were prepared by arc melting on a water-cooled copper hearth under an argon gas atmosphere with a non-consumable tungsten electrode.The button ingots were then heat treated in a vacuum atmosphere at 1273 K for 0.5 h followed by water quenching in a specially designed heat treatment furnace.Microstructure,elastic modulus and tensile properties were investigated in order to understand the effect of oxygen content in quenched Ti- Nb alloy system.The orthorhombic structuredα″martensite was changed to bcc structuredβ-phase with increasing Nb content.Interestingly,it was found that oxygen makesβ-phase stable in quenched Ti-Nb alloy system.Elastic modulus values were sensitive to phase stability of constituent phases.Yield strength increased with increasing oxygen content.Details will be explained by phase formation and stability behavior.     

Mechanical properties for bulk metallic glass with crystallites precipitation and second ductile phase addition

Monolithic phase bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) produced by a copper mold casting method and BMG composites containing in-situ brittle crystallites and out-situ tungsten fiber produced by a water quenching method were obtained. Mechanical properties including cyclic deformation and fracture toughness were investigated. Under symmetrically cyclic stress control, the life of tungsten fiber reinforced amorphous alloy is much longer than that of the monolithic amorphous alloy. The composite containing tungsten fibers that retard the crack propagation exhibits cyclic softening while the partially crystallized amorphous alloy exhibits stable cycling. The regions of crack initiation, stable propagation and final fracture were observed on the fracture surface. Crystalline brittle phases do not retard the crack propagation but become sites of crack initiation. Tungsten fiber reinforced BMG has the largest fracture toughness while BMG with quenched-in crystallites the smallest. Tungsten fibers stabilize crack growth in the matrix and extend the strain to failure of the composite, while brittle crystallites speed up the crack propagation even though they act as obstacles when shear bands reach them in some cases.     

Fatigue damage evolution in SiC fiber-reinforced Ti-15-3 alloy matrix composite

Tension-tension fatigue damage behavior of an unnotched SiC (SCS-6) fiber-reinforced Ti-15-3 alloy matrix composite at room temperature was examined, applying maximum stresses of 450, 670 and 880 MPa with R = 0.1. The change in stress-strain hysteresis curves was measured. Fiber fracture behavior and matrix cracking behavior were observed in situ and the results were compared with the change of unloading modulus obtained from the hysteresis curves. The fiber fracture behavior inside the specimen was also determined by dissolving the Ti alloy matrix. The results showed abrupt reductions in the unloading modulus of the composite at stresses of 450, 670 and 880 MPa; the normalized unloading modulus decreased by 8%, 12% and 17%, respectively, in the initial stage (N 10 cycles). This reduction was caused by the multiple fiber fragmentation. Thereafter, the unloading modulus maintained a nearly constant value; and non-propagating matrix cracks were initiated adjacent to the end of fractured fiber. The propagation of the matrix crack again led to a rapid reduction of the unloading modulus, and the composite then failed. With higher applied stress, the fatigue life was reduced. The fracture behavior of the composite was discussed with special attention to the fiber fracture behavior and its effect on the modulus of the composite.     

TiCp/W复合材料热冲击损伤行为的数值模拟

为了揭示TiC颗粒增强的钨基复合材料（TiCp/W)高温下的失效规律,采用有限元方法从宏观和微观两个方面对该复合材料在氧乙炔冲击中的损伤行为进行了数值模拟,模拟结果表明,复合材料试样宏观损伤行为是裂纹在试样周边萌生,沿径向向心部扩展,微结构损伤行为是微裂纹在TiCp/W界面附近产生,而生在基体中扩展,TiC颗粒含量越高,复合材料超易损伤。TiC颗粒没有阻止裂纹扩展的作用,在基体中增加TiC反而会降低材料的抗热冲击性能。复合材料非稳态温度场的模拟结果,材料的宏观与微观损伤行为的模拟结果都与实验结果吻合。     

FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN A SINTERED TUNGSTEN ALLOY

Abstract— Room temperature fatigue crack propagation in a sintered tungsten alloy was studied. The fatigue crack growth rates were found to be identical for the material in the sintered and forged and as sintered conditions. The propagation rates are slower when compared with other metals due to the relatively high Young's modulus of tungsten. The value of the exponent m in Paris' power law equation was found to be 12 which is higher than for most metals. This was ascribed to the activity of a cleavage mechanism through some of the tungsten grains along with the ductile decohesion fatigue mechanism.