FDTD calculation of radiation patterns, impedance, and gain for amonopole antenna on a conducting box

The ability of the finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method to calculate radiation patterns, input impedance, and gain for a monopole antenna on a conducting box is demonstrated. Results are given for the bare box and with the box coated with a dielectric layer. Radiation patterns are compared with measurements and with the method of moments for the bare box. Radiation patterns for the dielectric-covered box and all impedance and gain results are compared with measurements only. Good agreement is obtained in all cases. The FDTD approach includes a dielectric covering quite easily, while this would be quite difficult for a method of moments approach. The FDTD method requires similar computer time as the method of moments for a single-frequency result, but produces wide-bandwidth impedance and gain results with much less computer time     

Design of an ultra wide-band printed monopole antenna using FDTD and genetic algorithm

This letter presents an ultra wide-band (UWB) antenna with a printed monopole structure fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) line. The antenna is analyzed by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and genetic algorithm (GA) to achieve an ultra wide bandwidth characteristic. The measured frequency response shows an impedance bandwidth of 7.25GHz or 104.7% over 3.3 to 10.55GHz for VSWR less than 2.     

LPDA宽带宽角响应的快速矩量法计算

根据一种具有分域基和全域基各自优点的混合域基函数,采用伽列金矩量法对对数周期天线(LPDA)进行方向图和电流分布计算.由于该混合域基函数的运用,仅需将天线振子剖分较少分段即可得出较为精确的解,计算结果证明了所提方法的正确性和有效性.     

基于FDTD的太赫兹光导天线三维辐射特性计算方法

光导天线是目前产生和探测太赫兹波最常用的辐射源之一,在太赫兹成像、光谱检测等诸多领域有着广泛的应用前景。本文介绍了基于时域有限差分(FDTD)的太赫兹光导天线三维辐射特性计算方法,在分析光导天线辐射原理的基础上阐述了半导体漂移电流、扩散电流对电场及磁场的作用,并根据实际运用情况对漂移方程、连续性方程进行简化,最终求得电流密度、电场、磁场的迭代方程,给出了光导天线辐射特性计算流程。     

A wide-band circularly polarized antenna

The design construction and testing of a wide-band circularly polarized antenna suitable for ionospheric research is described. The antenna operates in the range 2 to 7 MHz. Simple design formulas are given for the required broad-band phase shifting networks. Broad-band dipole antennas are used and suitable "balancing networks" are developed to match these antennas to the phase shifting networks ever the frequency range. A satisfactory compromise solution is found to the problem of matching the networks to the receiver using a broad-band transformer. Measurements of the rejection ratio of the system show that it is always better than approximately 16:1 over the required frequency range.     

A wide-band single-layer patch antenna

The typical single-layer patch printed on a dielectric substrate is a narrow-band element. This well-known fact is mainly due to the limitations imposed by the dielectric substrate. From efficiency and cost considerations, in most of the cases, the substrate cannot be too thick. In order to increase the microstrip element bandwidth, additional resonators in different configurations and combinations can be used: parasitic elements, slots, etc. However, the microstrip antenna element with the widest bandwidth (a variation of the aperture-fed stacked-patch element) is about 40-50%. This antenna, an aperture-fed stacked patch, has a relatively poor front-to-back ratio, due to the fact that it has a slot in the ground plane. In this paper, a new type of patch element is presented. The patch is suspended over the ground plane and supported by a nonconductive pin. It is fed by a three-dimensional (3-D) transition connecting the patch to a perpendicular connector. The typical bandwidth of this element (in terms of VSWR) is 90%. When built on a large ground plane, the front-to-back of this element is better than 25 dB across the band     

A wide-band continuous-beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna with a stable gain fed by spoof surface plasmon polaritons

A leaky-wave antenna (LWA) supporting wide-band and continuous-beam scanning is proposed in this paper. It is based on a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) transmission line (TL) periodically loaded with circular patches. The optimized antenna structure enables its continuous-beam scanning of 69° from backward through broadside to forward with a stable high radiation gain as the operating frequency increases from 7 GHZ to 15 GHz (with a relative bandwidth of 72.73%). Furthermore, a perfect electronic conductor (PEC) reflector is added at a distance of about 0.3λ0 (λ0 is the vacuum wavelength for the broadside radiation) to improve the antenna gain, achieving a gain increase of about 3 dB. The proposed LWA is expected to find applications in planar wireless communication systems.     

A wide-band monopolar plate-patch antenna

A new design of a monopolar plate-patch antenna is proposed and experimentally studied. The proposed antenna is a planar rectangular monopole top-loaded with a shorted square or circular patch, which is shorted to the antenna ground by two ground plates placed symmetrically on each side of the planar monopole. Prototypes have been constructed and experimental results show, that with an antenna height less than 10% of the free-space wavelength of the center operating frequency, the proposed antenna can have a monopole radiation pattern with an impedance bandwidth larger than three times that of a corresponding monopolar wire-patch antenna.     

Investigation of wide-band microstrip slot antenna

This paper presents the simulation and experimental investigations of a printed microstrip slot antenna. It is a quarter wavelength monopole slot cut in the finite ground plane edge, and fed electromagnetically by a microstrip transmission line. It provides a wide impedance bandwidth adjustable by variation of its parameters, such as the relative permittivity and thickness of the substrate, width, and location of the slot in the ground plane, and feed and ground plane dimensions. The ground plane is small, 50 mm/spl times/80 mm, and is about the size of a typical PC wireless card. At the center frequency of 3.00 GHz, its width of 50 mm is about /spl lambda//2 and influences the slot impedance and bandwidth significantly. An impedance bandwidth (S/sub 11/=-10 dB) of up to about 60% is achieved by individually optimizing its parameters. The simulation results are confirmed experimentally. A dual complementary slot antenna configuration is also investigated for the polarization diversity.     

A novel wide-band circular patch antenna

In order to overcome the narrow-bandwidth of the patch antenna, one kind of configuration which can widen the bandwidth significantly is discussed in this letter. Analyzed by the equivalent-circuits method and simulated by HFSS, a rule derived from simulated results that can aid to design the microstrip antennas is found. Finally, the structure parameters are optimized out, which reaches 44.67% impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, this kind of configuration can also be applied to the multi-layer patch antenna.     

一种宽带水平全向平面天线设计

为提高水平全向天线的带宽,设计了一种宽带水平全向平面天线.该天线由4只弧形偶极子天线组阵构成一个圆环,每只偶极子天线振子交错印刷在印制板的上下表面.将4只弧形偶极子远场方向图叠加组合为水平全向辐射方向图;在每只偶极子振子上开缝并在印制板边缘加载寄生贴片,增加天线的带宽.设计和加工制作一只天线样品,测试结果表明,该天线能...     

Parallel particle swarm optimization and finite- difference time-domain (PSO/FDTD) algorithm for multiband and wide-band patch antenna designs

This paper presents a novel evolutionary optimization methodology for multiband and wide-band patch antenna designs. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) are combined to achieve the optimum antenna satisfying a certain design criterion. The antenna geometric parameters are extracted to be optimized by PSO, and a fitness function is evaluated by FDTD simulations to represent the performance of each candidate design. The optimization process is implemented on parallel clusters to reduce the computational time introduced by full-wave analysis. Two examples are investigated in the paper: first, the design of rectangular patch antennas is presented as a test of the parallel PSO/FDTD algorithm. The optimizer is then applied to design E-shaped patch antennas. It is observed that by using different fitness functions, both dual-frequency and wide-band antennas with desired performance are obtained by the optimization. The optimized E-shaped patch antennas are analyzed, fabricated, and measured to validate the robustness of the algorithm. The measured less than - 18 dB return loss (for dual-frequency antenna) and 30.5% bandwidth (for wide-band antenna) exhibit the prospect of the parallel PSO/FDTD algorithm in practical patch antenna designs.     

FDTD simulation of active integrated antenna

The full wave design of an active integrated antenna using the extended FDTD method is presented. An active circulator using three gain blocks and a short circuited quarter wavelength patch are combined to form a transceiver. The effects of parasitic coupling are identified, and the isolation between transmit-receive is predicted     

Gap-coupled microstrip array antenna for wide-band operation

The theoretical and experimental investigations carried out on a gap-coupled microstrip array antenna reveal that there is a significant improvement in VSWR and bandwidth characteristics of the gap-coupled microstrip array antenna as compared with a conventional microstrip array antenna. The input impedance and the resonant frequency of the gap-coupled patch are found to depend heavily on the gap length as well as on the dielectric constant of the substrate material.     

Rigorous gain measurements on wide-band ridge horn

A rigorous measurement effort on the gain estimation of a wideband double-ridge horn antenna in the 2.0- to 4.8-GHz frequency range is presented. A systematic uncertainty analysis is carried out.     

小尺寸铁氧体宽带螺旋天线的设计

根据螺旋天线的近场耦合理论,采用铁氧体技术,设计了一个频带范围在10MHz到400MHz的小型宽带螺旋天线。为了得到宽带螺旋天线的最佳性能,对宽带螺旋天线不同的圈数进行数值仿真。研究结果表明,螺旋天线的圈数对于频带宽度影响很大,而且对于其谐振点的影响也很大。     

带寄生单元宽带单极子天线研究

提出并设计了一种带寄生单元宽带单极子天线,该天线由一个单极子天线附加两个寄生振子组成.仿真及实验结果证明:天线在保持单极子天线特性的同时,实现了其宽带特性.该天线在750～2240 MHz的频带内反射损耗小于-10 dB,具有水平全向的方向图、稳定的增益.天线的结构和电特性决定了天线有广阔的应用前景,非常适用于移动通信终端设备,作为手持终端天线和车载天线将大有可为.     

渐变开槽相控阵天线的FDTD分析

对UHF波段无限大开槽阵列天线进行了时域分析,应用Floquet原理对阵列的结构进行区域划分,同时采用时域有限差分法（FDTD）进行数值仿真,研究了作为相控阵天线应用时的频率和空间扫描特性,给出了数值计算结果,得到一些有参考价值的结论。     

Swept-frequency antenna gain measurements

This paper presents a method of making a swept-frequency antenna gain measurement which yields a result based upon the known gain vs. frequency of a standard antenna. This antenna consists of a 295-mm length ofX-band waveguide with a cover flange on one end. It is an inexpensive and very satisfactory gain standard. The error analysis, which gives the accuracy of the resulting gain figure, consists of evaluating the conjugate mismatch losses at the antenna feed point or junction. This method of measuring gain is shown to yield useful gain data from an antenna test range that is not free of reflections. Gain vs. frequency curves are given for the standard gain antenna and a test antenna, having estimated accuracies of at least 0.27 dB and 1.00 dB, respectively.     

High-gain and wide-band single-layer patch antenna for wireless communications

A technique employing the use of parallel feeds is applied to the recently proposed L-probe coupled patch antenna design. By employing only two L-probes, with proper separation, for feeding one single patch, a twin-L-probe coupled patch antenna is designed with both high-gain (10 dBi) and wide-band [25%, standing wave radio (SWR) /spl les/ 1.5] characteristics. In addition, the 1-dB-gain bandwidth is around 26%, which covers the impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, a noticeable suppression of cross-polarization radiation is observed. Simulation results are in good agreement with those noteworthy characteristics obtained from experiments. The proposed antenna is suitable for modern mobile communication applications.