一种基于HVS、模糊聚类和遗传算法的视频差错掩盖方法

当视频在传输过程中发生不可纠正的差错时,就要用差错掩盖的方法对丢失或差错的块进行掩盖。本文提出了一种基于模糊聚类和遗传算法的视频差错掩盖算法,首先,在确定适应度函数时,采用了一种适应人眼视觉系统(HVS: Human Visual System)的视频评价函数作为目标函数,其次,通过模糊聚类的方法同时综合多特征量得到差错块的相似块得到初始种群,然后利用GA的三个步骤:复制＼遗传＼交叉进行迭代地运算,直到最后得到满足条件的差错块的掩盖块。实验结果表明,其主客观效果比传统方法和基于一般GA算法的方法好。     

The quantization effects of the CORDIC algorithm

A detailed analysis of the quantization error encountered in the CORDIC (coordinate rotation digital computer) algorithm is presented. Two types of quantization error are examined: an approximation error due to the quantized representation of rotation angles, and a rounding error due to the finite precision representation in both fixed-point and floating-point arithmetic. Tight error bounds for these two types of error are derived. The rounding error due to a scaling (normalization) operation in the CORDIC algorithm is also discussed. An expression for overall quantization error is derived, and several simulation examples are presented     

吊舱激光指示精度计算方法

针对吊舱激光指示精度外场测试与数据计算的问题,提出了一种基于瞄准轴坐标系的激光指示偏差角正弦算法。在激光指示偏差角正弦算法基础上,构建了激光指示精度测试误差模型,估算了各误差源对总误差的影响因子。计算结果表明,当指示偏差角很小时,正弦算法的误差低于余弦算法误差约三个数量级;激光光斑位置测量误差是最大误差源,提高激光光斑位置测量精度是减小激光指示精度测试误差的最佳途径。此外,在同样测量条件下,正弦算法显著减小了吊舱激光指示精度的计算误差约2~3个数量级(具体量化数值),也为激光光斑测量系统的指标论证提供了依据。     

改进的滤波-e LMS算法

针对有源噪声控制中次级通路为非最小相位系统的情况,提出一种改进的滤波-e算法.该算法采用次级通路传递函数的逆来构建误差滤波器,依据Shannon-Bode方法将误差滤波器分解为白化滤波器和非因果滤波器,并对其进行改进从而构建一个物理可实现的滤波器,再将获得的误差信号通过该误差滤波器后对控制器的权系数进行更新.仿真实验表明,改进后的算法不仅可以提高系统的稳定性和降噪量还可以减少系统的超量均方误差,较传统的滤波-e算法在性能上有明显改进.     

On acceptance criterion for efficient successiveerrors-and-erasures decoding of Reed-Solomon and BCH codes

We describe an efficient algorithm for successive errors-and-erasures decoding of BCH codes. The decoding algorithm consists of finding all necessary error locator polynomials and errata evaluator polynomials, choosing the most appropriate error locator polynomial and errata evaluator polynomial, using these two polynomials to compute a candidate codeword for the decoder output, and testing the candidate for optimality via an originally developed acceptance criterion. Even in the most stringent case possible, the acceptance criterion is only a little more stringent than Forney's (1966) criterion for generalised minimum distance (GMD) decoding. We present simulation results on the error performance of our decoding algorithm for binary antipodal signals over an AWGN channel and a Rayleigh fading channel. The number of calculations of elements in a finite field that are required by our algorithm is only slightly greater than that required by hard-decision decoding, while the error performance is almost as good as that achieved with GMD decoding. The presented algorithm is also applicable to efficient decoding of product RS codes     

Gradient estimation for sensitivity analysis and adaptive multiuserinterference rejection in code-division multiple-access systems

In this paper, we consider a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system in the framework of a discrete-event dynamic system (DEDS) in order to optimize the system performance. Based on this formulation, we develop infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) for estimating the sensitivity of the average probability of bit error to factors ranging from near-far effects to imperfections in power control. The above estimates are shown to be unbiased, and this technique is then further incorporated into a stochastic gradient algorithm for achieving adaptive multiuser interference rejection for such systems, which is also subject to frequency nonselective slow fading. We use an IPA-based stochastic training algorithm for developing an adaptive linear detector with the average probability of error being the minimization criterion. We also develop a practical implementation of such an adaptive detector where we use a joint estimation-detection algorithm for minimizing the average probability of bit error. A sequential implementation that does not require a stochastic training sequence or a preamble is also developed     

HDMI接收端误码修复算法及ASIC设计

提出了一种针对HDMI传输特性的接收端误码修复算法,该算法能修复部分因HDMI通道传输造成的误码;采用失效分析,计算误码的可能性;分析误码特征,寻找最相似的源码,再进行修复;并且可以配合HDMI本身的BCH纠错码使用,能提高HDMI传输的可靠性。该算法存在一定的局限性,在HDMI信号传输的不同阶段,有不同的修复率。并对...     

序列k-错线性复杂度算法

本文给出了一个测量流密码序列稳定性的重要指标Ｋ－错线性复杂度的算法,即求ＧＦ（ｑ）上（ｑ＝ｐ＾ｍ,ｐ：素数）周期为Ｎ＝ｐ＾ｎ序列的Ｋ－错线性复杂度的快速算法。在这里对广义ＧａｍｅｓＣｈａｎ算法－ＧＦ（ｑ）上ｐ＾ｎ序列线性复杂度算法进行了简化,并给出了ＧＦ（ｑ）上ｐ＾ｎ序列Ｋ－错线性复杂度算法及其证明。     

Weighted average indoor positioning algorithm that uses LEDs and image sensors

We propose a weighted average indoor positioning algorithm, which is an improved version of the M.S. Rahman’s algorithm, for the calculation of unknown positions in a visible light communication system consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and image sensors. The algorithm considers the LED illumination intensity as a key factor, and the generalized Lambert illumination model is adopted to estimate the LED illumination intensity of each pixel in the images obtained at the sensors. The LED illumination intensity is normalized as a weighting factor, following the determination of the center position of the LED image. Simulations showed that the average signal-to-noise ratio in our positioning system was 19.3 dB. The simulation results also showed that the root mean square positioning error was reduced from 6.6 to 3.7 cm when the resolution of the image sensor was 3000 pixels per cm, which is comparable to the error in the widely used M.S. Rahman’s algorithm. The distance between the centers of the lenses and the focal lengths of the lenses also affects the positioning error. After the simulations, the relationship between the positioning error and the lens distance or focal length is deduced. It is observed that this algorithm has lesser positioning errors than the M.S. Rahman’s algorithm.     

A New Normalized Subband Adaptive Filter Algorithm with Individual Variable Step Sizes

Proposed is a novel variable step size normalized subband adaptive filter algorithm, which assigns an individual step size for each subband by minimizing the mean square of the noise-free a posterior subband error. Furthermore, a noniterative shrinkage method is used to recover the noise-free priori subband error from the noisy subband error signal. Simulation results using the colored input signals have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm not only has better tracking capability than the existing subband adaptive filter algorithms, but also exhibits lower steady-state error.     

OFDM-TDM在快衰落环境下的双模式MCMA算法研究

OFDM-TDM快衰落下的盲均衡算法做了研究,结合插值算法及DD-LMS和MCMA算法,并将其应用到盲判决反馈均衡器进行抽头更新,在频率选择性衰落下得到一种均衡性能更优的插值DD-LMS+MCMBDFE算法。该算法在均衡的同时不仅能自动补偿相位误差,还能有效补偿多普勒频偏误差,收敛后剩余误差更小。仿真结果表明插值DD-LMS+MCMBDFE算法是一种有效的盲判决反馈均衡算法。     

Fuzzy error diffusion

Quantization errors are generally hidden by performing a dithering operation on the image. A common method is to utilize error diffusion. However, this method is prone to error accumulation, resulting in color impulses and streaks. This paper presents a new approach to error diffusion dithering through a fuzzy error diffusion algorithm. In this method, the amount of error to be diffused is determined by considering the relative location of the pixel not only to the closest codebook vector, but to all other palette entries. The goal is to hide the quantization errors by error diffusion, while preventing the excess accumulation of errors. This is achieved through an attraction-repulsion schema according to a fuzzy membership function. We also explored methods to speed up the fuzzy error diffusion process through a L-filter approach by determining a fixed set of membership values. We have implemented the fuzzy error diffusion algorithm for color images and achieved drastic improvements, resulting in superior quality dithered images and significantly lower mean squared error values. A different error measure modeling the characteristic of the human visual system also indicates the superiority of our method.     

Error-resilient image and video transmission over the Internet using unequal error protection

This paper presents a new bit-plane-wise unequal error protection algorithm for progressive bitstreams transmitted over lossy networks. The proposed algorithm protects a compressed embedded bitstream generated by a 3-D SPIHT algorithm by assigning an unequal amount of forward error correction (FEC) to each bit-plane. The proposed algorithm reduces the amount of side information needed to send the size of each code to the decoder by limiting the number of quality levels to the number of bit-planes to be sent while providing a graceful degradation of picture quality as packet losses increase. We also apply our proposed algorithm to transmission of JPEG 2000 coded images over the Internet. To get additional error-resilience at high packet loss rates, we extend our algorithm to multiple-substream unequal error protection. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is simple, fast and robust in hostile network conditions and, therefore, can provide reasonable picture quality for video applications under varying network conditions.     

激光双脉冲DSPI系统性能分析Ⅰ:误差及控制

分析研究了动态散斑相关条纹图的数字化、量化、空间相移误差及散斑随机噪声等因素对双脉冲激光数字散斑干涉系统位相重建精度的影响,并提出了控制测量误差的方法。     

Halftone to continuous-tone conversion of error-diffusion codedimages

Considers the problem of reconstructing a continuous-tone (contone) image from its halftoned version, where the halftoning process is done by error diffusion. The authors present an iterative nonlinear decoding algorithm for halftone-to-contone conversion and show simulation results that compare the performance of the algorithm to that of conventional linear low-pass filtering. They find that the new technique results in subjectively superior reconstruction. As there is a natural relationship between error diffusion and SigmaDelta modulation, the reconstruction algorithm can also be applied to the decoding problem for SigmaDelta modulators.     

On the phase response of the error diffusion filter for imagehalftoning

Conventional error diffusion halftoning uses a causal error filter. We propose the iterative error diffusion algorithm by extending the error diffusion to accommodate noncausal error filters. We realize the importance of the phase response of the error filter in the error diffusion halftoning method, and demonstrate it using examples. Iterative error diffusion is able to realize a zero phase error filter. We also trace a drawback of error diffusion to the shape of the error filter, and provide a remedy. The results obtained using a zero phase error filter in the iterative error diffusion algorithm are, in our opinion, superior to the error diffusion halftones.     

基于ECS＋PGA的机载SAR运动补偿算法

提出了一种基于ECS PGA的高精度机载SAR运动补偿算法。该算法利用ECS算法来实现成像处理,利用PGA算法实现相位误差估计与补偿。由于ECS算法利用部分孔径数据进行成像,不仅能够减小运动误差的影响,并且可以有效地减小数据处理的运算量。而PGA处理则进一步补偿了剩余的相位误差,实现精确聚焦。通过对真实的机载SAR数据的处理结果验证了文中提出的运动补偿算法的有效性。     

机载条带SAR图像经纬度的计算方法

在不考虑地形起伏的情况下,从机载合成孔径雷达数据采集几何关系和成像原理的角度,针对正侧视和小斜视情况提出了计算机载SAR图像像素点经纬度的一种准确而实用的方法,给出了从雷达图像上的像素点计算其经纬度的详细过程,并结合某实际机载SAR成像参数对影响定位精度的因素包括高度测量误差,航向角、俯仰角、横滚角误差和多普勒中心、多普勒调频率误差进行了详细的分析。     

一种改进的H.264空域错误隐藏算法

本文提出了一种改进的H.264Intra帧的错误隐藏算法,该算法引入方向模板对错误块内的边界方向和幅度进行估计,然后利用邻域边界信息内插错误块内的像素。实验结果表明本算法与参考软件中的方法相比,在具有较好隐藏效果的同时又没有增加运算量。     

一种改进的变步长LMS自适应算法

传统的最小均方误差(LMS)算法难以同时获取较快的收敛速度和较小的稳态误差,而变步长LMS算法可获得二者之间的平衡。对已有的一些变步长LMS算法进行了分析,在变系数步长(VFSS)算法的基础上,引入输入信号因子,并建立步长因子与误差信号之间新的非线性函数关系,提出一种改进的变步长LMS算法,该算法不仅继承了VFSS算法在低信噪比环境下抗噪声性能好的特点,而且能够快速跟踪系统的变化,仿真结果表明改进算法的性能优于现有算法。