粒子复合技术在材料制备技术中的应用

粒子复合技术是一种新型的粉体表面处理技术,它可以实现子粒子对母粒子的包覆处理,将多种粉体进行复合,从而开发出许多新型的功能复合化粉体,为新材料的研制开发提供了新的技术途径.本文综述了这种粒子复合新技术在材料制备技术中的应用,并就粒子复合技术的应用前景提出了一些展望和见解.     

粒子复合化技术及其装置

综述了国外粒子复合化技术和装置的进展，从微建筑表面结构联想到复合粉体制造，提出了粉碎技术－微粒子技术－粒子界面控制技术，表面改质工艺与复合粒子制造技术的关系和作用，从而使粉体制造费用减少和成品高品质化。     

导电纳米粒子与导电聚合物复合化的新型透明导电材料

KRI公司通过采用导电纳米粒子与导电性聚合物的复合化，现已开发出透明的新型导电材料。     

新型微纳米颗粒复合化设备（MNPC系统）工作原理及应用

本文介绍了一种新型的粒子复合化设备及其应用，提出在一种基于该系统的分散微纳米填料的方法及在塑料行业中应用的前景。     

开发新型过滤材料90型三维过滤布

简介本文着重提出了利用组合加工技术开发新型过滤材料——90型三维过滤布,在生产工艺上是合理可行的,生产的新型过滤材料具有强度大、过滤效果高、硬挺性好、可多次重复使用不影响使用效果。达到了高性能、高效率,适应广,使新型过滤材料更为经济、合理。本文介绍了组合加工技术(技术复合化)的基本原理,以及在工业中的实际应用情况,反映了该技术的水平。一、前言     

塔器分离技术最新进展

介绍了近几年来大型填料塔用新型规整填料、塔内件 (气液分布器、进气初始分布器 )的开发设计和应用 ;国内外新开发的几种新型塔板的技术及工业应用。预计未来塔器分离技术将向行业化、复合化、节能化、大型化方向发展。     

三相反应器的特性

<正> 1.三相反应装置的型式和流动状况三相反应装置有种种流动状况,这些流动状况与气液固三相的性质与流速相对应,其典型例子示于图1-1。下面大体分为粒子固定型装置与粒子流动型装置来说明。 1.1粒子固定型反应装置在所谓填料塔亦即固定床中,作为催化反应装置时,填充mm级的粒子,而作为非催化反应装置时,填充cm级的     

凝析油电脱盐装置技术改造

分析了油田气井凝析油电脱盐装置存在的问题,研究开发了新型破乳剂ERIxxxx,对原工艺进行了技术改造,运用了如下新技术:SHE-2型鼠笼式高效电脱盐技术,SY型无级调节静态混合器技术,智能型高压电引入装置,抗弧型高压电绝缘吊挂技术,自旋型排污反冲洗技术等。装置经改造后满足了凝析油脱盐的技术要求,达到了脱盐、脱水效果。     

新型复合纺织材料的开拓及其染色

本文论述了新型复合纺织材料开发的目标、新复合纺织材料的种类、复合化的四个阶段，若干有代表性的新合纤复合材料的特色，着重介绍复合化新合纤的染色。     

合成纤维阻燃改性的技术进展

介绍了聚酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈及聚丙烯等合成纤维的阻燃改性技术现状,主要有添加共混型、共聚反应型阻燃改性。纤维阻燃改性的新技术有超细/纳米技术、微胶囊技术、硅系阻燃、复配技术及功能复合化。指出了今后合成纤维阻燃技术应向多功能化发展。     

新型固定床颗粒层除尘器的研究

介绍了新型固定床颗粒层除尘器的结构、组合式流化床清灰机构的工作原理以及除尘器的特点。实验表明,新型固定床颗粒层除尘器操作简单,组合流化床清灰装置能满足颗粒层清灰要求。     

Investigation on the Electromagnetic Anti‐Fouling Technology for Scale Prevention

An electromagnetic anti‐fouling (EAF) device was built for treating scale containing water. In order to validate the effect and identify the mechanisms of EAF technology, a series of experiments were carried out, both with and without, an EAF device. The fouling thermal resistance was measured as a function of time. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the fouling layers were obtained and the particle size distribution in solution was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technology. The main results were as follows: (1) With EAF treatment, the crystal phase of calcium carbonate was changed to calcite from the aragonite type which exists without EAF treatment; (2) A rapid particle growth was observed under EAF treatment conditions. This rapid growth was due to that the EAF treatment results in an induced electric field inside the bulk flow, and can effectively increase collision frequency of the ions and crystals along with the effectiveness of collision. This implies that the particle growth was promoted mainly by a coagulation process, and not by nucleation growth; (3) The EAF treatment greatly reduced the fouling resistance within the time period tested.     

射孔监测技术在海洋探井测试中的进展研究

从TCP射孔监测技术和深井射孔监测技术两个方面讨论了常规射孔监测装置和技术,概括了其作业原理和特点。针对常规装置和技术存在的难点问题展开讨论,提出了新型Plus脉冲压力计射孔监测装置及其技术,现场应用表明Plus脉冲压力计能满足多级射孔对压力的监测,其采点率高速且能够捕捉射孔瞬间射孔枪附近的压力变化,可用于射孔和压裂作业,其具有较强的推广价值和应用价值。     

Investigation on Separation Efficiency in Supersonic Separator with Gas-Droplet Flow Based on DPM Approach

Supersonic separator is a new technology based on the adiabatic expansion of swirling gas flow, and at present it has demonstrated great application potential in separating and processing droplet liquid contained in natural gas. However, its coefficient of performance is still low and there seems to be a large gap in the method that evaluates the separation efficiency in a satisfactory manner. In order to promote the wide application of this technology in the dehydration field, it is necessary to find a new and feasible approach that can be used to predict the flow characteristic and separation performance inside a supersonic separator. In this paper, a comprehensive three-dimensional fluid numerical model to study the flow behavior and separation efficiency in a supersonic separator was established coupled with the discrete particle model (DPM). The mixture of air and water droplets was chosen as working fluid. The gas phase was modeled with compressible Navier–Stokes equations for two-phase flow and the RSM turbulence model was taken into account. The droplet phase was modeled with the discrete particle model (DPM), in which the droplets are assumed to have the same sphere shape and ignore the phase transition and nucleation process. A pilot test facility was carried out to validate the numerical model. The experimental results not only indicate that the new dehydration device can efficiently separate the liquid droplets from wet gas, but also prove that the numerical results were great agreements with the experimental results. Furthermore, based on the proposed numerical approach, the gas-droplet turbulent flow structures were predicted, the effects of different structure parameters and operation conditions on the separation efficiency were also investigated. The current works settle a foundation for further explorations on the supersonic gas–liquid separation flows inside a supersonic separator as well as the possible new applications.     

微反应器技术在Fischer-Tropsch合成中的应用进展

微反应器可以通过改善传质和传热而强化反应过程,为Fischer-Tropsch 合成技术的发展提供了新的机遇。 本文简要回顾了微反应器的研究及发展过程,从微反应器的本质特点着手,介绍了微反应器技术在 Fischer-Tropsch 合成中的应用进展。Fischer-Tropsch 合成微反应器结构经历了从单通道、多通道、复合通道结构 的研究过程,催化剂也开发有填充型和涂覆型两类。根据微反应器的特点,催化剂开发也取得了显著进步,与 传统催化剂相比,微通道催化剂的活性可以达到固定床的8～10 倍。反应器模型和数值模拟工作可以辅助实验 研究,提供温度、浓度、压力等分布参数,有利于反应器设计。最后介绍了目前微反应器Fischer-Tropsch 合成 技术的中试及工业应用情况。通过对上述内容的总结,对微反应器Fischer-Tropsch 合成研究和发展进行了展望。     

惰性气体保护气流粉碎技术在农药加工中的应用

为了解决易燃、易爆、易氧化物料的超细粉碎难题,根据可燃粉体爆炸特性,按惰化防爆原理,研发成功惰性气体保护气流粉碎系统。重点论述该系统的工艺、装置、结构特点,探讨其在化工、农药、医药、金属、稀有金属和新能源等行业中的应用,实现了安全、环保、节能、高品质的生产。     

均一球形BaTiO3超细粉体的制备技术

BaTiO₃材料因具有高介电常数及铁电、压电等特性广泛用于功能陶瓷等领域外，还因其具有高白度、高反射率等特点而在生物医药及干式诊断等领域也存在着潜在应用。本文介绍了均一粒径的球形BaTiO₃超细粉体的制备技术，简述了水热法、溶胶-凝胶法、沉淀法等制备技术的优势与不足，并对近年来兴起的新合成方法——传统湿化学联用法、新技术-湿化学联用法、全新湿化学合成法作了简要论述。具有操作简便、工艺简单、原料低廉易得等优势的沉淀法仍具有工业化发展前景，在此基础上的超重力沉淀制备技术可得到球形BaTiO₃超细粉体，利于后续工业化生产；而微通道技术有望制备得球形BaTiO₃超细粉体，其发展前景可观。对于新技术合成BaTiO₃机理还需深入研究；目前对均一球形BaTiO₃超细粉体的研究大多处于实验室小规模生产，其工业放大生产所需合成装置有待进一步探索。     

A new device for coating single particles under controlled conditions

A new device for coating a single levitated particle in a controllable environment is designed and tested. This enables fluidized bed processing to be simulated experimentally on a single-particle level. The device consists of a coating chamber, which contains a capillary tube for levitating the particle, a micro-dispenser for producing discrete drops of controlled size and velocity and a device for supplying gas with specified temperature and humidity. The coating chamber consists of two parts, a confined space where the particle is levitated and a droplet insertion cone where the coating solution is injected into the particle suspending gas flow. A capillary with a well-defined diameter connects the droplet insertion cone and the area where the particle is levitated. The device is equipped with a piezo-actuated flow-through micro-dispenser that has the ability to produce discrete droplets with high reproducibility in terms of droplet size and velocity. The gas required for the coating process is taken from a gas container where the water content is analysed and kept at a minimum. A liquid flow is then introduced into the gas flow at a well-defined flow rate, mixed and evaporated in a three-way mixing vault. The humidified gas flow is then split into two separate flows; a suspending gas flow and a protecting gas flow for the inside of the coating chamber. The device is equipped with a high-speed video camera for monitoring both droplet production and droplet impact. Temperatures and flow rates throughout the device are measured and logged. Preliminary results show the influence of solvent, gas quality and coating procedure on the quality of the coating.     

超临界抗溶剂制粒装置的现状及其展望

超临界抗溶剂法是一种新型超细微粒制备技术,现已在许多领域得到广泛应用。本文简要陈述了超临界抗溶剂技术的基本原理、装置组成和操作方式,详细阐述了超临界抗溶剂装置喷嘴部件的演进,从该角度介绍了GAS制粒装置、ASES制粒装置、SEDS制粒装置和SAA制粒装置的发展和优化历程,并对超临界抗溶剂制粒装置的多功能化、喷嘴的进一步优化、结晶釜的可视化等提出展望。     

沉淀-超声法制备纳米二氧化硅

在化学沉淀超声分散条件下,研究了体系pH值、表面活性剂种类、分散剂用量、干燥方式、超声分散等因素对产物纳米二氧化硅粒径的影响。通过实验确定了沉淀-超声法制备纳米二氧化硅的最佳工艺条件。采用XRD、TG-DTA及激光粒度仪等测试手段对产物进行了表征。结果表明:在最佳工艺条件下制得了粒径为40 nm的二氧化硅粉体。研究表明,沉淀-超声法是一种制备纳米二氧化硅的简单的新方法,所得粉体粒径小,粒径分布窄,实验条件要求低,操作简便、易行,便于工业化生产。