2.4G CMOS低噪声放大器设计

采用0.18微米CMOS工艺,设计了一种应用于蓝牙的低电压折叠共源共栅低噪声放大器.采用级间匹配结构,使信号正向传输最大化,从而降低了噪声,提高增益.电源电压为1V,在工作频率2.45GHz时仿真结果显示:噪声系数为1.087dB,增益为22.535db,输入回波损耗为-30.595db,输出回波损耗为-34.132db,一分贝压缩点为-11.746dBm,功耗为10mW,且此低噪声放大器在工作区域内无条件稳定.     

基于TSMC 0.18μm RF CMOS工艺的1.2 GHz LNA的设计和仿真

针对射频接收机芯片中的低噪声放大器(Low-Noise Amplifier,LNA)电路在工作时要求拥有更小的噪声系数和更好的隔离度等问题,采用TSMC 0.18μm RF CMOS工艺结合共源共栅结构设计了一款低噪声放大器,在导航接收机中主要用来接收GPS L2频段信号和BDS B2频段信号。通过对器件尺寸的计算和选择,使得电路具有良好的噪声性能及线性度。利用Cadence软件中Spectre对所设计的电路进行仿真。得到仿真结果为:LNA在1.8 V电源电压下,功耗为4.28 mW,功率增益为18.51 dB,输入回波损耗为38.67 dB,输出回波损耗为19.21 dB,反向隔离度S_(12)为-46.91 dB,噪声系数(Noise Figure,NF)为0.41 dB,输入1 dB压缩点为-11.70 dBm,输入三阶交调点为-1.50 dBm。     

2～18 GHz GaAs超宽带低噪声放大器MMIC

基于90 nm GaAs赝配高电子迁移率晶体管(PHEMT)工艺设计并制备了一款2～18 GHz的超宽带低噪声放大器(LNA)单片微波集成电路(MMIC)。该款放大器具有两级共源共栅级联结构，通过负反馈实现了超宽带内的增益平坦设计。在共栅晶体管的栅极增加接地电容，提高了放大器的高频输出阻抗，进而拓宽了带宽，提高了高频增益，并降低了噪声。在片测试结果表明，在5 V单电源电压下，在2～18 GHz内该低噪声放大器小信号增益约为26.5 dB,增益平坦度小于±1 dB,1 dB压缩点输出功率大于13.5 dBm,噪声系数小于1.5 dB,输入、输出回波损耗均小于-10 dB,工作电流为100 mA,芯片面积为2 mm×1 mm。该超宽带低噪声放大器可应用于雷达接收机系统中，有利于接收机带宽、噪声系数和体积等的优化。     

基于0.18 μm CMOS工艺的2.4/5.2 GHz双频段LNA的设计

采用0.18 μm CMOS工艺,实现了双频段低噪声放大器设计.通过射频选择开关,电路可以分别工作在无线局域网标准802.11g规定的2.4 GHz和802.11a规定的5.2 GHz频段.该低噪声放大器为共源共栅结构,设计中采用了噪声阻抗和输入阻抗同时匹配的噪声优化技术.电路仿真结果表明:在2.4 GHz频段电路线性增益为15.4 dB,噪声系数为2.3 dB,1 dB压缩点为-12.5 dBm,IIP3为-4.7 dBm;5.2 GHz频段线性增益为12.5 dB,噪声系数为2.9 dB,1 dB压缩点为-11.3 dBm,IIP3为-5.5 dBm.     

应用于S波段的高线性低噪声放大器

采用E-mode 0.25um GaAs pHEMT工艺,2.0mm × 2.0mm 8-pin双侧引脚扁平封装,设计了一款应用于S波段的噪声系数低于0.5dB的低噪声放大器。通过采用共源共栅结构、有源偏置网络和多重反馈网络等技术改进了电路结构,该放大器具有低噪声,高增益,高线性等特点,是手持终端应用上理想的一款低噪声放大器。测试结果表明在2.3-2.7GHz内,增益大于18dB,输入回波损耗小于-10dB,输出回波损耗小于-16dB,输出三阶交调点大于36dB。     

一种3.1~10.6GHz超宽带低噪声放大器设计

设计了一种基于TSMC 0.13μm CMOS工艺,用于3.1～10.6GHz带宽的CMOS低噪声放大器。输入级采用共栅极结构,在宽频带内能较好地完成输入匹配。放大级采用共源共栅结构,为整个电路提供合适的增益。输出则采用源极输出器来进行输出匹配。使用ADS2006软件进行设计、优化和仿真。仿真结果显示,在3.1GHz～10.6GHz带宽内,放大器的电源电压在1.2V时,噪声系数低于2.5dB,增益为20.5dB,整个电路功耗为8mW。     

采用噪声消除技术的3-5GHz CMOS超宽带LNA设计

设计了一种适用于超宽带无线通信系统接收前端的全集成低噪声放大器.该放大器以经典窄带共源共栅低噪声放大器为基础,通过加入并联负反馈电阻以扩展带宽,采用噪声消除技术优化噪声系数.低噪声放大器基于SMIC 0.18-μmRF CMOS工艺进行设计与仿真,仿真结果表明,在3-5 GHz的频带范围内,S11小于-13 dB,S22小于-11.8 dB,S21大于17.3dB,S12小于-32 dB,增益平坦度小于0.7 dB,最大噪声系数为2.9 dB,输入三阶截断点为-12.9 dBm.采用1.8 V电源供电,电路总功耗约为20.5 mW.     

一种采用噪声抵消及多重功耗优化技术的UWB-LNA

采用噪声抵消及多重功耗优化技术,提出了一种超宽带低噪声低功耗放大器。它主要包括采用RL网络的共栅输入级、电流复用型噪声抵消级、放大输出级以及偏置电路四个部分。验证结果表明,该放大器,在2-6GHz频带内,增益(S21)可以在14dB以上;输入回波损耗(S11)小于-10dB;输出回波损耗(S22)小于-25dB;噪声系数(NF)小于3.2dB;在3.8V的工作电压下,功耗仅为14mW。     

L波段0.9 mW CMOS LNA的分析与设计

给出了一种采用Γ型输入匹配网络的源简并共源低噪声放大器电路结构,分析了在低功耗情况下,高频寄生效应对低噪声放大器(LNA)输入阻抗及噪声特性的影响,并采用此结构设计了一款工作于L渡段的低功耗低噪声放大器.采用CMOS 0.18μm工艺,设计了完整的ESD保护电路,并进行了QFN封装.测试结果表明.在1.57 GHz工作频率下,该低噪声放大器的输入回波损耗小于-30 dB,输出回波损耗小于-14 dB,增益为15.5 dB,噪声系数(NF)为2.4 dB,输入三阶交调点(IIP3)约为-8 dBm.当工作电压为1.5 V时,功耗仅为0.9 mW.     

采用0.18 μmCMOS工艺超宽带低噪声放大器的设计

提出了一个采用TSMC 0.18μmCMOS工艺设计的,工作频段为3.1～5.2 GHz的超宽带低噪声放大器.放大器采用了前置带通滤波器的并联负反馈共源共栅结构,并从宽带电路.高频电路器件选择等方面讨论了超宽带低噪声放大器的设计,结果表明,在整个工作频段,电路输入输出匹配S11S22均小于-14 dB,最高增益为15.92 dB,增益波动为1.13 dB,电路工作电压为1.8 V,功耗为27 mW,噪声系数NF为1.84～2.11 dB.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first