用甲基丙烯酸原位改性纳米CaCO3填充三元乙丙橡胶Ⅱ.纳米CaCO3用量的影响

使用甲基丙烯酸(MAA)原位改性纳米CaCO3填充三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM),制备了纳米CaCO3增强EPDM硫化胶。考察了纳米CaCO3用量对EPDM硫化性能和力学性能的影响。此外,还对EPDM的应力-应变曲线和应力弛豫行为进行了研究。结果表明:加入纳米CaCO3缩短了EPDM的焦烧时间,降低了硫化速率,混炼胶的转矩增量逐渐增大;MAA的引入使相同纳米CaCO3用量下混炼胶的转矩增量稍有下降;随着纳米CaCO3用量的增加,EPDM的拉伸强度、定伸应力、撕裂强度和邵尔A硬度均逐渐提高;加入MAA,不同程度地提高了EPDM的拉伸强度、定伸应力和撕裂强度,对邵尔A硬度则无显著影响。     

微观结构对丁腈橡胶硫化胶物理性能的影响

研究橡胶基体及填料微观结构对丁腈橡胶(NBR)硫化胶物理性能的影响。结果表明:随着丙烯腈质量分数的增大,炭黑补强NBR硫化胶的拉伸强度先增大后减小,拉断伸长率减小,邵尔A型硬度和撕裂强度增大;随着生胶门尼粘度的增大,炭黑补强NBR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度基本不变,定伸应力增大,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率减小;随着炭黑粒径的减小,硫化胶的定伸应力呈增大趋势,拉伸强度和撕裂强度增大,高定伸下炭黑粒径对应力的贡献较大;随着炭黑结构度的提高,硫化胶定伸应力增大,拉伸强度和撕裂强度减小。     

温度和炭黑用量对丁腈橡胶力学性能的影响

研究了测试温度和炭黑用量对丁腈橡胶(NBR)力学性能的影响,同时对实验数据进行了模拟。结果表明,随着炭黑用量的增大,NBR硫化胶拉伸强度、邵尔A硬度和撕裂强度均线性增大;在高温125℃下,NBR硫化胶拉伸强度和邵尔A硬度也随炭黑用量的增大而线性增大,撕裂强度呈指数增大。当炭黑用量为40份或50份时,NBR硫化胶力学性能随测试温度的升高呈指数分布降低,此时使用数学公式y(T)=A+BeKT进行非线性拟合,得到较高相关系数     

原位生成甲基丙烯酸铝对POE的补强

用氢氧化铝和甲基丙烯酸（MAA）经原位反应生成了甲基丙烯酸铝[Al（MAA）3],并将其作为补强剂用于补强聚烯烃热塑性弹性体（POE）,研究了过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量、Al（OH）3和MAA的物质的量比和Al（MAA）3理论生成量对POE硫化胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,当DCP用量为3份、Al（OH）3/MAA的物质的量比为1∶3时,原位生成Al（MAA）3能够显著地提高POE硫化胶的力学性能。随着Al（MAA）3理论生成量的增加,硫化胶的拉伸强度先增加后减少,当Al（MAA）3理论生成量为30份时,拉伸强度达到最大值为24.31 MPa,而扯断伸长率保持在500%以上。另外,Al（MAA）3补强的POE硫化胶还具有较好的耐热氧老化性能和较高的邵A硬度。     

纳米碳酸钙对SBR胶料性能的影响

试验研究纳米碳酸钙对SBR胶料性能的影响。结果表明，单用纳米碳酸钙填充SBR时，随着纳米碳酸钙用量的增大，胶料的硫化速度加快，硫化胶的硬度、拉伸强度和撕裂强度增大，回弹值减小，耐磨性和抗湿滑性能提高；纳米碳酸钙与炭黑N330并用填充SBR时，随着纳米碳酸钙用量的增大，胶料的硫化速度变化不大，硫化胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度减小，回弹值减小，耐磨性下降，抗湿滑性能提高。     

纳米碳酸钙/二氧化硅复合粒子对丁苯橡胶物理机械性能的影响

采用溶胶沉淀法制备了纳米CaCO3/SiO2复合粒子,并用不同改性剂对其进行表面改性,考察了改性复合粒子对丁苯橡胶(SBR)物理机械性能的影响,同时与硬脂酸钠改性纳米CaCO3填充的SBR硫化胶做了比较。结果表明,CaCO3/SiO2复合粒子粒径为40～50 nm,大小均匀,表面粗糙,SiO2包覆在纳米CaCO3表面,具有核壳结构;硬脂酸钠改性复合粒子填充SBR硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、永久变形和邵尔A硬度均大于改性纳米CaCO3填充SBR硫化胶,最大拉伸强度可达到13.6 MPa,两者的300%定伸应力和扯断伸长率相当;用硬脂酸钠和Si 69协同改性的纳米CaCO3/SiO2填充SBR硫化胶的拉伸强度、300%定伸应力、撕裂强度和邵尔A硬度均明显优于硬脂酸钠改性复合粒子填充的SBR硫化胶,最大拉伸强度达到14.1 MPa,扯断伸长率减小,低填充量时两者的永久变形差别不大,高填充量时前者的永久变形低于后者。     

多壁碳纳米管对天然橡胶/丁腈橡胶阻尼材料性能的影响

研究了多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)的用量对天然橡胶(NR)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混胶的硫化特性、力学性能及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明,随着MWCNT用量的增加,NR/NBR共混胶的最小转矩、最大转矩、最大转矩与最小转矩之差均增大,焦烧时间和正硫化时间缩短;扯断伸长率逐渐减小,撕裂强度、定伸应力和邵尔A硬度逐渐增大,回弹性下降,拉伸强度先增大后减小,当MWCNT用量为4.0份时拉伸强度达到最大值。拉伸/压缩-恢复过程中的滞后能量密度和阻尼系数增大。     

原位生成甲基丙烯酸镁对过氧化物硫化丁苯橡胶的增强

通过氧化镁（MgO）与甲基丙烯酸（MAA）的中和反应，在丁苯橡胶（SBR）中原位生成甲基丙烯酸镁[Mg(MAA)2]对SBR进行增强，研究了各种因素对SBR硫化胶性能的影响。结果表明，过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量、Mg（MAA）2用量以及MgO／MAA摩尔比对SBR硫化胶的物理机械性能和透光性能都有较大的影响，为了获得物理机械性能良好的SBR硫化胶的，上述三者的最依次为0．6－0．9份（质量份，下同）、30－40份和0．50－0．75。当DCP和Mg（MAA）2用量分别为0．6份和30份时，由过氧化物硫化的SBR硫化胶的拉伸强度高达31．4MPa。MgO／MAA增强SBR硫化胶具有较好的热空气老化性能，该硫化胶是一种半透明的材料，具有高邵尔A型硬度、高拉伸强度和高扯断伸长率的特点。     

环氧化低分子聚丁二烯改性白炭黑在SBR中的应用

研究环氧化低相对分子质量反式聚丁二烯(ELMTPB)改性白炭黑在SBR中的应用效果。结果表明，环氧度为10．6％的ELMTPB改性白炭黑填充SBR硫化胶的综合性能较好；硅烷偶联剂Si69改性白炭黑对SBR硫化胶性能的改善效果明显优于ELMTPB改性白炭黑，且Si69用量为8份时，硫化胶拉伸强度和撕裂强度较高；在ELMTPB／Si69并用比不超过4／4时，所得SBR硫化胶拉伸强度和拉断伸长率优于Si69改性白炭黑填充SBR硫化胶；当Si69用量为4份且并用12份ELMTPB时，所得SBR硫化胶性能最佳，表现在300％定伸应力提高28％，拉伸强度提高38％，且拉伸强度和拉断伸长率超过8份Si69改性白炭黑填充SBR硫化胶。     

填充体系对橡胶悬置元件性能的影响

研究填料种类、用量及并用比对橡胶悬置元件性能的影响。随着炭黑粒径的增大,胶料的门尼粘度和交联密度减小,硫化胶的耐老化性能提高,动静刚度比减小;随着炭黑N550用量的增大,硫化胶的硬度、定伸应力和撕裂强度提高,动静刚度比增大;随着白炭黑用量的增大,炭黑N774与白炭黑并用填充硫化胶的拉伸强度无明显变化,动静刚度比显著增大;在相同硬度下,纯白炭黑填充硫化胶的动静刚度比小于炭黑N774与白炭黑并用填充硫化胶。     

湿法白炭黑/天然橡胶母胶在全钢载重子午线轮胎带束层中的应用

采用湿法制备白炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)母胶,并分别采用NR标准配方和带束层粘合配方制备硫化胶,对硫化胶的性能进行研究,并与干法制备硫化胶性能进行对比.结果表明:湿法白炭黑/NR母胶中白炭黑均匀分散;当采用NR标准配方时,随着白炭黑用量的增大,胶料的门尼粘度和拉伸强度增大,填充10份高分散白炭黑硫化胶的定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度均明显高于易分散白炭黑硫化胶;当采用带束层粘合配方时,含湿法母胶胶料的加工性能较好,白炭黑用量为10份时,含湿法母胶硫化胶老化后钢丝帘线的粘合力保持率较大,粘合性能较好.     

Reinforcement of peroxide‐cured styrene–butadiene rubber vulcanizates by mathacrylic acid and magnesium oxide

Through the neutralization of magnesium oxide (MgO) and methacrylic acid (MAA), magnesium methacrylate [Mg(MAA)₂] was in situ prepared in styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) and used to reinforce the SBR vulcanizates cured by dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The experimental results show that the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, optical properties, and crosslink structure of the Mg(MAA)₂‐reinforced SBR vulcanizates depend on the DCP content, Mg(MAA)₂ content, and the mole ratio of MgO/MAA. The formulation containing DCP 0.6–0.9 phr, Mg(MAA)₂ 30–40 phr, and MgO/MAA mole ratio 0.50–0.75 is recommended for good mechanical properties of the SBR vulcanizates. The tensile strength of the SBR vulcanizates is up to 31.4 MPa when the DCP content is 0.6 phr and the Mg(MAA)₂ content is 30 phr. The SBR vulcanizate have good aging resistance and limited retention of tensile strength at 100°C. The SBR vulcanizates are semitransparent, and have a good combination of high hardness, high tensile strength, and elongation at break. The T_g values of the SBR vulcanizates depend largely on the DCP content, but depend less on the Mg(MAA)₂ content and the MgO/MAA mole ratio. The contents of DCP, Mg(MAA)₂, and the MgO/MAA mole ratio have also great effects on the E′ values of the vulcanizates. The salt crosslink density is greatly affected by the Mg(MAA)₂ content and MgO/MAA mole ratio, but less affected by the DCP content. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2667–2676, 2002     

Effect of fillers and additives on the properties of SBR vulcanizates

Methacrylic acid (MAA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were used as additives for peroxide‐cured styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) filled with three inorganic fillers with different particle sizes and surface activity, for example, MgO, Mg(OH)₂, and BaSO₄. The experimental results show that the introduction of MAA can improve the mechanical properties of SBR vulcanizates filled with MgO, Mg(OH)₂, or BaSO₄. A small amount of MAA leads to significant increases in the modulus, tensile strength, and tear strength. MMA has little effect on the mechanical properties of the SBR vulcanizates. The SEM micrographs show that MAA can improve the interfacial bonding between SBR and the three kinds of fillers. The SBR–filler interaction was studied by Kraus plots. The relationship between the SBR–filler interaction and the mechanical properties was explored. m, a characteristic constant of a filler–SBR matrix, represents the interfacial bonding between fillers and SBR and the accumulated structure of the fillers. At a given ?, a high value of m means a strong interaction between SBR and the filler and, therefore, strong mechanical properties. The Payne effect of the SBR vulcanizates was observed, and the vulcanizates have low storage moduli at high strains and high storage moduli at low strains, and the moduli are nonlinear and increase the nonlinearity as the filler content increases. The loss moduli and loss factor reach their maximums at moderate and high strain amplitudes, respectively. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 775–782, 2003     

充油对反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯及其与丁苯橡胶并用胶性能的影响

采用干法充油工艺,将门尼黏度为120的反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯(TPI)充芳烃油37.5份制备充油反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯(OETPI).对TPI、OETPI的生胶、硫化胶及其与丁苯橡胶(SBR)并用硫化胶的性能进行了对比.结果表明,OETPI生胶的硬度、门尼黏度、物理机械性能都比TPI的低;OETPI混炼胶的硫化速率比TPI混炼胶的高;OETPI硫化胶的100%和300%定伸应力、邵尔A硬度、拉伸强度等物理机械性能与TPI硫化胶的相比有所降低;磨耗、压缩生热、压缩永久变形增大.与TPI/SBR混炼胶相比,OETPI/SBR混炼胶具有更高的炭黑分散度,较高的硫化速率;OETPI/SBR并用硫化胶的抗湿滑性比TPI/SBR并用硫化胶明显提高,物理机械性能、滚动阻力和动态生热变化不大,耐屈挠龟裂性能提高.     

Physicomechanical properties of α‐cellulose–filled styrene–butadiene rubber composites

In this research, the influence of adding α‐cellulose powder to styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds was investigated. Physicomechanical properties of SBR–α‐cellulose composites, including tensile strength, elongation, Young's modulus, tear strength, hardness, abrasion, resilience, and compression set, before and after ageing, were determined and analyzed. Young's modulus, hardness, and compression set increased and elongation and resilience decreased with increasing α‐cellulose loading in the composites, whereas tensile strength, tear strength, and abrasion resistance initially increased at low α‐cellulose concentration (5 phr), after which these properties decreased with increasing α‐cellulose content. Lower loadings of α‐cellulose (5 phr) showed better results than higher loadings, given that tensile strength, tear strength, and abrasion resistance increased at low α‐cellulose concentration. Theoretical prediction of elastic modulus was carried out using rule of mixtures, Hashin, Kerner, and Halpin–Tsai equations. Calculated results show that these equations are not suitable for accurate prediction for the work carried out. However, these models can be used with confidence for the prediction of elastic modulus because experimental results are higher than the calculated values. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2203–2211, 2005     

改性淀粉对天然橡胶性能的影响

研究黄原酸酯化改性淀粉替代白炭黑对天然橡胶(NR)性能的影响。结果表明:当白炭黑和改性淀粉总用量为30份时,随着改性淀粉用量增大,改性淀粉/白炭黑/NR胶料t10延长,t90缩短;MH和结合胶含量先增大后减小,硫化胶定伸应力、拉伸强度、撕裂强度和耐磨性能先提高后降低;淀粉用量为15份时,胶料综合性能最好。     

Utilization of bowstring hemp fiber as a filler in natural rubber compounds

The cure characteristics and physicomechanical properties of natural rubber (standard Nigerian rubber) vulcanizates filled with the fiber of bowstring hemp (Sansevieria liberica) and carbon black were investigated. The results showed that the scorch and cure times decreased, whereas the maximum torques increased, with increasing filler loadings for both bowstring hemp fiber and carbon black filled vulcanizates. The tensile strength of both bowstring hemp fiber and carbon black filled vulcanizates increased to a maximum at a 40 phr filler concentration before decreasing. The elongation at break and rebound resilience decreased, whereas the modulus, specific gravity, abrasion resistance, and hardness increased, with increasing filler contents. The carbon black/natural rubber vulcanizates had higher tensile strength, which was about 1.5 times that of bowstring hemp fiber/natural rubber vulcanizates. This superiority in the tensile strength was probably due to the higher moisture content and larger particle size of the bowstring hemp fiber. However, the bowstring hemp fiber/natural rubber vulcanizates showed superior hardness. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

改性Kevlar纳米纤维对羧基丁腈橡胶/丁苯橡胶共混胶力学性能的影响

采用环氧氯丙烷对Kevlar纳米纤维(KNFs)表面进行改性,制备了表面改性KNFs(m-KNFs),考察了m-KNFs对羧基丁腈橡胶(XNBR)/丁苯橡胶(SBR)共混胶力学性能的影响.结果表明,m-KNFs可以增强XNBR/SBR共混胶的拉伸性能及撕裂性能,提高硫化胶的热稳定性和耐溶剂性能.添加5份m-KNFs后,...