使用支持向量机的纹理识别方法

将支持向量机应用到纹理识别领域,提出了一种基于支持向量机和小波变换的新型纹理识别方法。该方法用小波变换各子带图像共生矩阵参数、分析窗口大小、像素均值和像素标准差等参数作为纹理特征,解决了描述不同尺度纹理的难题。以多类支持向量机作为分类器,用输出纠错码把二分类器扩展到多类,提高了分类器的泛化能力。在包含25类单色自然纹理的图像库上进行识别试验,结果表明,该方法识别错误率小于10%,识别正确率比传统的贝叶斯等方法提高了2%左右,获得了更高的识别正确率,且推广性更好。     

架构于双树轮廓波及GGD模型的纹理图像检索

提出一种基于双树轮廓波变换的纹理图像检索方法.双树轮廓波由塔型双树方向滤波器组构建,它保持了轮廓波灵活的方向选择性,同时克服了传统轮廓波不具有移不变性的缺点.根据双树轮廓波系数的统计特性,本文利用广义高斯分布对各子带进行建模,采用矩估计法提取模型参数,并用KL距离度量图像之间的相似度,实现纹理图像检索.为评价检索性能,从Brodatz图库创建了包含800幅纹理图像的数据库.实验结果表明,本文算法的平均检索率比基于小波和轮廓波的方法分别提高了10.46%和6.94%,而且保持了较高的计算效率.     

基于系数关系共生矩阵和SVM的纹理分析

纹理是图像中非常重要的特征.提出了一种新的纹理特征提取算法,即对纹理图像进行离散小渡框架变换后,利用同一变换尺度下的小波高频系数与低频系数之间的依存关系信息,构造系数共生矩阵,在此基础上进行纹理特征提取,而不是独立地提取各子带系数特征.考虑支撑向量机(SVM)在小样本数据库和泛化能力方面的优势,在分类实验中采用支撑向量机分类器,实验结果表明,基于这种共生矩阵特征提取分类算法能得到很好的分类结果.     

基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法

本文提出了一种基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法。在对图像预处理之后，运用颜色和纹理信息进行分割，采用基于数学形态学的算法求得边缘像素，提取具有RST不变性的轮廓特征向量，输入支持向量机进行训练和识别。将支持向量机与传统的人工神经网络的算法进行了对比实验，实验表明基于支持向量机的坦克识别算法具有更好的性能。     

分类算法在纹理识别研究中的应用

本文将机器学习中最常用的两种分类算法——K近邻法和支持向量机应用到纹理识别的研究中,以Oumx、Brodatz以及CUReT三个公共纹理库中的纹理图像为研究对象,分别使用K近邻法、支持向量机算法进行纹理识别实验,并对最终的识别结果做了分析与比较。综合三个纹理库的识别结果,我们发现相较于K近邻法,支持向量机的识别效果较好,能够较准确的实现对纹理图像的识别。     

复数轮廓波变换纹理图像检索系统

针对基本轮廓波变换纹理图像检索系统检索率低下的问题,提出了一种基于复数轮廓波变换(CCT)的纹理图像检索系统.该系统采用的复数轮廓波变换由双树复小波变换级联临界下采样方向滤波器构成,特征向量采用子带系数的能量和标准偏差连接而成,以Canberra距离为相似度度量标准;比较了基于同样架构的基本轮廓波变换(CT)、无下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)、半下采样轮廓波变换(CTS)和CCT纹理检索系统的性能.实验结果表明:在特征向量长度、检索时间、所需存储空间基本相同的情况下,基于CCT的检索系统比CT、CTS和NSCT检索系统具有更高的检索率;各种轮廓波变换分解结构尺度数对检索率也有较大的影响.     

基于小波变换和SVM的人脸识别

提出了基于小波变换和支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)的人脸识别算法。该算法通过小波变换的多分辨率分析形成人脸图像的低频小波子图,然后利用主分量分析构造特征脸子空间,最后由SVM进行分类。在ORL人脸数据库上的实验结果表明该方法具有良好的性能。     

基于改进麻雀算法优化支持向量机的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

针对群智能算法优化支持向量机模型应用在滚动轴承故障诊断领域中易陷入局部最优、准确率较低的问题,提出了一种基于改进麻雀算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)优化支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先引入均匀化分布Chebyshev混沌映射初始化麻雀种群,以提高种群空间分布均匀性,之后将自适应惯性权重融入麻雀算法的发现者位置更新,最后对更新位置后的最优麻雀进行随机游走扰动,提高算法的全局和局部搜索能力,避免算法陷入局部最优。将该算法用于支持向量机的参数优化,构建改进麻雀算法优化支持向量机故障诊断模型实现对轴承故障信号的分类诊断。滚动轴承故障诊断试验分析结果表明,该算法模型故障分类效果明显优于粒子群算法优化支持向量机模型、遗传算法优化支持向量机模型和麻雀算法优化支持向量机模型,能够有效识别滚动轴承各故障类型。     

时频图像特征用于声场景分类

为解决根据音频流识别声场景的问题,对音频信号进行恒Q变换,得到其时频表达图像,然后进行滤波平滑等处理,随之提取能够表述信号谱能量变化方向信息的梯度直方图特征,以及能够捕捉信号谱纹理信息的局部二值模式特征,输入具有线性核函数的支持向量机分类器,对不同声场景数据进行分类实验。结果表明,相对于传统的时频域特征和梅尔频率倒谱系数特征,所提出的特征基本能够捕捉到给定声场景具有区分度的信息,所得分类率更高,且两者的互补作用使得联合特征分类效果达到最优,该方法为声信号特征提取贡献了一种新思路。     

电动剃须刀刀片旋转异响的声学检测方法研究

为解决目前电动剃须刀刀片旋转异响声人工检测效率低、经验要求高的问题,提出一种将小波变换和人工鱼群算法优化的支持向量机相结合的声学检测方法.该方法首先通过离散小波变换对电动剃须刀刀片旋转声信号进行小波分解和重构,将获得的各层相对小波能量作为样本特征参量,然后采用人工鱼群算法对支持向量机进行优化,最后使用优化后的模型对样本...     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.