Antigenicity of poly(dA-dT) . poly(dA-dT) photocrosslinked with 8-methoxypsoralen

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) shows substantial nucleotide sequence diversity distributed throughout the viral genome, with many variants showing only 68-79% overall sequence homology. This has led to problems in diagnosis of HCV using commercial immunoassays. Based on clustering of homologous sequences, various genotypes and subtypes of HCV have been described from different geographical regions. In the present study, 11 isolates from India were genotyped using sequence comparison for part of the non-structural (NS5) and structural (core) regions. Parts of the genome covering 451 bp (nt 9-459) of the core gene and a 249 bp fragment (nt 7959-8207) of the NS5 gene were reverse transcribed and amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The amplified fragments were cloned and sequenced. The classification into genotypes was done on the basis of phylogenetic analysis. Four isolates showed sequence homology to type 1b. Two of the isolates were classified as type 3a. One isolate was classified as type 3b and the remaining four isolates were found to be variants of type 3 but did not belong to any designated subtype. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis two of the unclassified isolates were put into a new subtype of 3 named as 3g. In one of these variants, parts of a 5'-noncoding (5' NCR; 204 bp), envelope-E1 (435 bp), and NS3 (502 bp) regions were also amplified, cloned, and sequenced. This study demonstrates the type 3 variants including a new subtype (3g) to be the major cause of HCV infection in India.     

Barraquer-silk (8 x 0) and polyglactin 910 (8 x 0) in corneo-scleral incisions of rabbit eyes. A histological study

Barraquer-silk (8 x 0) and Polyglactin 910 (8 x 0) were histologically examined in corneo-scleral incisions of rabbit eyes. Wound healing using both suture materials was complete after two weeks, as observed by light microscopy. Barraquer-silk excited more cellular reaction than Polyglactin 910. Absorption of Polyglactin 910 suture began 18 days after surgery whilst Barraquer-silk did not begin to absorb until 42 days had passed.     

Increased anxiety-like behavior in neuropsin (kallikrein-related peptidase 8) gene-deficient mice.

Neuropsin (kallikrein-related peptidase 8) is concentrated in the hippocampus, amygdala, olfactory bulb, and prefrontal cortex. Earlier studies showed that protease deficiency causes a significant impairment of early-phase long-term potentiation in the Schaffer collateral pathway and hippocampus-dependent memory in the Y maze and Morris water maze (Z. Chen et al., 1995; A. Hirata et al., 2001; H. Tamura et al., 2006). In addition to neuropsin's participation in the hippocampal memory, amygdalar and cortical localization of the gene suggests extrahippocampal behavioral function, and the authors therefore examined neuropsin-deficient mice, including tests of sensory motor reflex, open field, light-dark transition, Rota-Rod, elevated plus-maze, hot plate, startle response-prepulse inhibition, Porsolt forced swim, Barnes maze, eight-arm radial maze, and contextual and cued fear conditioning tests. Here, the authors found increased anxiety in neuropsin-deficient mice, suggesting the involvement of this protease in emotional responses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

国际粉碎工程领域的新进展（续八）

评述了国际粉碎工程领域尤其是设备方面的最新进展、主要发展动向和特点,内容涉及粉碎理论研究、破碎、粉磨、筛分、分级、耐磨材料、超细磨、超细分级、特殊粉碎方法及设备等。介绍和评述了目前国际上最先进、最著名和最大规格的粉碎工程设备的最新发展,包括瑞典Sandvik集团的液压圆锥破碎机和芬兰Metso集团的Symons体系圆锥破碎机、我国与俄罗斯合作制造的惯性圆锥破碎机、德国Krupp Polysius公司和KHD公司的辊压机、芬兰Metso集团的Nordberg Barmac B系列立式冲击破碎机、瑞典Mogensen公司的振动筛、世界最大规格的自磨机、球磨机和搅拌球磨机、美国Krebs公司的水力旋流器和美国Derrick公司的高频振动细筛。评述了我国粉碎工程的发展现状以及与先进国家的差距,介绍了新近出现的、有发展前途的粉碎方法和设备。     

药用野生稻(CC)-栽培稻(AA)异源单体附加系MAAL8的遗传分析

[目的]通过对药用野生稻-栽培稻异源单体附加系MAAL8进行花药培养及其与栽培稻H1493回交,研究异源单体附加系的遗传特征.[方法]采用表型分析研究了后代分离比例,并采用SSR和甲基化分析研究了异源染色体的传递行为.[结果]在145个回交后代植株中有78株保留了MAAL8的卷叶标记性状,在32株花培植株中有5株为正常卷叶,2株为极端卷叶,其余为平叶植株.用14对SSR标记进行分析显示,在所有卷叶植株中可得到药稻特征带型,而在平叶植株中都没有.用11个多态性RFLP标记进行Methyla-tion-Sensitative Southern分析显示,有8个在AA和CC基因组之间的甲基化变异方式是不同的.[结论]MAAL8的异源染色体可经过减数分裂完整独立地传递给后代,并保持表型特征不变,且药稻的甲基化方式随着单条染色体的附加可在杂种后代中稳定遗传,甲基化的稳定性可能对异源染色体在栽培稻基因组环境中的相对独立遗传有一定作用.     

Action-schemes of 8-month-old infants.

Observed 64 infants, equally divided by sex and term or preterm birth, to examine the influence of preterm birth and sex on action-schemes. Both groups demonstrated the same types of action-schemes and spent similar proportions of time involved in direct object explorations. Group differences were apparent in the duration of individual action-schemes, particularly the low duration of mouthing observed with the preterm males. It is suggested that this atypical behavior in these Ss reflects a subtle aspect of behavioral disorganization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Anodic synthesis of 8-methylnonanoic acid and 8-methylnon-trans-6-enoic acid. The synthesis of dihydrocapsaicin and capsaicin (author''s transl)]

The author describes a rare case of the torsion of the pregnant fallopian tube with the macerated fetus and simultaneous intrauterine pregnancy. He points out dignostic difficulties in such cases.     

Kaposi''s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)--a new human tumour virus

A retrospective analysis of 22 patients with ovarian dysgerminoma who were treated between 1980 and 1987 was carried out. The median age at presentation was 24.5 years. A total of 15 patients were in stage I, one patient was in stage II and six patients were in stage III. Bilateral ovarian involvement was present in four patients. Conservative surgery was carried out in nine patients and 11 patients underwent radical surgery. Two patients had biopsy only. Fourteen patients received adjuvant radiotherapy and three patients received salvage radiation for recurrent disease. The 10-year actuarial survival rate was 81.8%. All 15 patients in stage I were alive and disease-free at a median follow-up of 125 months. Four patients (one in stage II and three in stage III) died of progressive or recurrent abdominopelvic disease. Pelvic recurrence occurred after conservative surgery in two patients in stage IA who had a tumour size greater than 10 cm, but they were salvaged with radical surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There were seven patients aged 20 years or less. All were alive and disease-free at a median follow-up of 127 months.     

Antiparasitic nitroimidazoles. 8. Derivatives of 2-(4-formylstyryl)-5-nitro-1-vinylimidazole

A series of 33 thioacetals and hydrazones of 2-(4-formylstyryl)-5-nitro-1-vinylimidazole was prepared and examined for antitrypanosomal properties. The thioacetals were inactive as antitrypanosomal agents but three hydrazones derived from N-aminoguanidine, pyridylacethohydrazide chloride (Girard reagent P), and dimethylaminoacetohydrazide (Girard reagent D) displayed good activity against Trypanosoma rhodesiense.     

Detection and sequence diversity of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) DNA

OBJECTIVE: To determine the patellofemoral contact areas as well as mean and maximal pressures after retrograde intramedullary nailing in a cadaveric model. STUDY DESIGN: Pressure-sensitive film was used to analyze patellofemoral joint pressures after insertion of a retrograde femoral nail in a cadaveric specimen. METHODS: A retrograde femoral nail was inserted into seven cadaveric knees. Pressure-sensitive film was placed into the patellofemoral joint and physiologic loads (700 newtons) were applied to the knee joint at 90 degrees and 120 degrees of flexion. Testing was performed with the nail three millimeters deep to the cartilage (In), flush with the cartilage (Flush), and one millimeter prominent (Out). The intact knee served as the Control. RESULTS: The mean contact areas showed no statistical differences among the four groups. There was a significant increase in mean pressure at 120 degrees and maximum pressure at 90 degrees and 120 degrees for the Out group when compared with the Control, In, and Flush groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences in mean contact pressure, contact area, or maximum pressure among the Control, three-millimeter insertion depth, or flush insertion groups. There was, however, a significant increase in mean and maximum pressures with the nail one millimeter prominent. These results indicate that placement of a retrograde femoral intramedullary nail is critical, but that proper placement should not significantly influence the biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint.     

Deregulated production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in autoimmune thyroid disease studied by newly developed IL-8 radioimmunoassay

Glucagon may regulate FFA metabolism in vivo. To test this hypothesis, six healthy male volunteers were infused with somatostatin, to inhibit endogenous hormone secretion, and insulin, glucagon, and GH to replace endogenous secretion of these hormones. In the hypoglucagonemia experiments, the glucagon infusion was omitted, and in the hyperglucagonemic experiments glucagon was infused at 1.3 ng/kg.min, to produce physiological hyperglucagonemia. In two sets of control experiments, glucagon was infused at 0.65 ng/kg.min, in order to maintain peripheral euglucagonemia, and the plasma glucose concentrations were clamped at the levels observed in either the hypo- or hyperglucagonemic experiments. Rates of FFA and glycerol (an index of lipolysis) appearance (Ra) were estimated with the isotope dilution method using [1-14C]palmitate and [2H5] glycerol. Plasma glucagon concentrations decreased during the hypoglucagonemic experiments (85 +/- 12 vs. 123 +/- 22 ng/L, P < 0.05) and increased during the hyperglucagonemic experiments (186 +/- 20 vs. 125 +/- 15 ng/L, P < 0.05), whereas other hormone concentrations remained the same. Hypoglucagonemia resulted in equivalent suppression of FFA Ra (3.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 5.9 vs. 0.3 mumol/kg.min, P < 0.01) and glycerol Ra (1.2 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.5 mumol/kg.min, P < 0.05). Similarly, hyperglucagonemia resulted in equivalent stimulation of FFA Ra (5.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.7 +/- 0.3 mumol/kg.min, P < 0.05) and glycerol Ra (1.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.1 mumol/kg.min, P < 0.05). These results indicate that glucagon has a physiological role in the regulation of FFA metabolism in vivo.