ZnAl2O4：Eu^3＋红色发光材料的燃烧法合成与光谱性能研究

采用燃烧法在550℃合成了红色纳米发光材料ZnAl2O4：Eu^3＋，并用X射线粉末衍射对其结构进行了表征。XRD分析证实样品具有尖晶石结构的ZnAl2O4相。测定了样品的激发光谱和发射光谱，光谱数据表明：对应于Eu^3＋的。^5D0→^7F2跃迁的发射强度。^5D0→^7F0,1,3,4跃迁的发射强度，ZnAl2O4：Eu^3＋ 形成红色发光材料,推测是由于基质结构的不对称性，Eu^3＋在基质ZnAl2O4中占据非对称中心的格位所致。并考察了不同退火温度处理后，样品Eu^3＋的^5D0→^7Fj跃迁辐射变化情况。     

Y2O2S:0.03Eu,0.03Ti的长余辉特性及Ti向Eu3+的余辉传能机制

采用高温还原法合成了Eu，Ti共激活橙红色Y2O2S长余辉发光材料，并测量了Y2O2S：0．03Eu,0．03Ti磷光体的荧光光谱，余辉分辨和余辉衰减曲线谱．实验结果表明，Y2O2S：0．03Eu,0．03Ti磷光体的发射谱由一系列Eu^3＋离子内部能级跃迁的尖峰组成；余辉分辨谱则不同，由一个主峰位于565nm的宽发射带和一系列波长范围位于500nm以上的窄发射带两种峰形组成，可分别归为Ti离子的宽带余辉发射和三价Eu^3＋的线状余辉发射,分析认为，样品中存在Ti余辉发射向Eu^3＋内部能级间产生选择性的余辉传能机制，从而导致Y2O2S：0．03Ti，0．03Eu磷光体中同时出现两种发光中心离子的余辉分辨谱现象．     

偏硅酸钙中Pr3+的4f5d态的光谱性质

高温下合成了掺Pr^3＋的CaSiO3,研究了Pr^3＋在室温下的发射光谱和激光谱,观测到Pr^3＋的4f5d态的两上能级,其最低能级向4f^2组态的^3H4,^3H6和^1G4发生辐射跃迁,其中以向^3H4的跃迁最强,而向^3Po和^1D2的无辐射跃迁几率可以忽略,从而得到了一种在短波紫外发光效率很高的新型材料。     

Mg^2＋离子对Sr2A12SiO7：Eu^2＋荧光体微结构及发光性能的影响

采用复合胶体喷雾工艺制备了Sr2Al2SiO7：Eu^2＋荧光体及掺入Mg离子后Sr2-xMgxAl2SiO7：Eu^2＋（x=0．1,0．2,0．4,0．6,0．8,1．0）荧光体。XRD分析及晶格常数计算结果表明,Eu^2＋离子部分取代Sr^2＋格位进入Sr2Al2SiO7晶格。Sr2Al2SiO7：Eu^2＋荧光体激发谱由峰值位于326nm附近的宽带构成,属于Eu^2＋的4f→5d跃迁吸收带;发射光谱主峰位于约500nm,属于Eu^2＋离子4f^65d→4f^7跃迁导致的宽带发射。XRD结果表明Mg^2＋添加浓度从x=0．1～1．0增加,Mg^2＋离子以取代离子形式进入Sr2Al2SiO7晶格。Mg^2＋离子添加浓度x=0．1时对Sr2Al2SiO7：Eu^2＋发射光谱影响不大,Sr1．9Mg0.1Al2SiO7：Eu0.02^2＋发射主峰仍位于500nm;z〉0．2后,Mg^2＋离子取代Sr^2＋离子使晶体场强度减弱,Eu^2＋离子5d能级晶场劈裂减小,导致Sr2-xMgxAl2SiO7：Eu^2＋发射峰蓝移至460nm。     

GdAl3(BO3)4:Eu3+荧光粉的光致发光特性

用硝酸盐热分解法合成了单相粉末样品Gd1-xEuzAl3(BO3)4(0≤x≤1),研究了Eu^3 在GdAl3(BO3)4中的紫外和真空紫外光谱性质．GdAl3(BO3)4：Eu^3 中稀土离子占据非中心对称的格位，Eu^3 在其中的特征发射以^5D0→^7F2电偶极跃迁为主,在147nm激发下GdAl3(BO3)4：Eu^3 呈色坐标为(0．645，0．330)的强红光发射，说明是非常有前途的PDP用红色发光材料,在GdAl3(BO3)4：Eu^3 的真空紫外光谱中观察到两个峰，158nm的激发带归属于B03基团的吸收，258nm处的激发带为Eu^3 →O^2-的电荷转移跃迁带．在147nm激发下，GdAl3(BO3)4：Eu^3 的红光发射强度随着Eu^3 浓度的增加而减弱，而在258nm激发下随Eu^3 浓度的增大Eu^3 的红光发射增强，说明它们发光的机理不同。     

微波场作用下Gd2O2S：Tb绿色荧光粉的快速合成及其发光特性

首次采用微波法，快速合成了Gd2O2S：Tb绿色荧光粉，用X射线粉末衍射（XgD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、荧光分光光度计等对合成产物的结构、形貌、以及发光特性进行了研究。结果表明，材料的晶体结构为六方晶系，与Gd2O2S的相同,颗粒的形貌为类球形，分散性很好，尺寸在1μm左右,Gd2O2S：Tb的激发光谱呈带状，主峰位于298nm,发射光谱由384、418、439、471、498、547、590、624nm的一系列窄带发射峰组成，归属于Tb^3＋从^5D4、^5D3能级到^7FJ（J=0-6）的跃迁。主发射峰位于547nm，对应于^5D4→^7F5的能级跃迁，导致一种绿光发射,研究发现Tb的掺杂浓度对样品主发射峰的强度有着很重要的影响，在5％（摩尔分数）时达到最大，继续增加Tb的浓度，出现浓度猝灭现象，同时对浓度猝灭的机理进行了探讨。     

Ln_2O_2S∶Yb,Pr(Ln=Y、La)纳米材料的上转换发光研究

研究乙醇辅助燃烧法制备的纳米Ln2O2S∶Yb,Pr(Ln=Y、La)的上转换发光特性。Ln2O2S∶Yb,Pr纳米上转换发光材料在980nm激光泵浦下,呈现明亮的蓝绿色发光。Y2O2S∶Yb,Pr的发射光谱峰值为514nm,而La2O2S∶Yb,Pr的发射光谱峰值为508nm,属于Pr3+的3P0→3H4跃迁。这是由于Pr3+离子的5d轨道与4f轨道很接近,其f-f跃迁受Pr3+离子周围晶场环境影响很大,其上转换发光光谱在不同基质中有较大不同。     

Ln2O2S:Yb,Pr(Ln=Y、La)纳米材料的上转换发光研究

研究乙醇辅助燃烧法制备的纳米Ln2O2S:Yb,Pr(Ln=Y、La)的上转换发光特性.Ln2O2S:Yb,Pr纳米上转换发光材料在980hm激光泵浦下,呈现明亮的蓝绿色发光.Ln2O2S:Yb,Pr的发射光谱峰值为514nm,而Ln2O2S:Yb,Pr的发射光谱峰值为508nm,属于Pr3+的3P0→H4跃迁.这是由于Pr3+离子的5d轨道与4f轨道很接近,其f-f跃迁受Pr3+离子周围晶场环境影响很大,其上转换发光光谱在不同基质中有较大不同.     

SrxCa1-xAl2O4：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋长余辉发光材料的合成与光学性能研究

以高纯度的硝酸锶、硝酸钙、硝酸铝和稀土氧化物为原料，以硼酸为助溶剂，采用燃烧法在600℃的低温条件下合成SrxCa1-xAl2O4：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋（x=0、0．6、1．0）长余辉发光材料。光致发光光谱分析表明样品发光光谱均为宽带谱，样品CaAl2O4：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋和样品SrAl2O4：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋的发射谱峰值分别位于442和511nm左右，样品Sr0.6Ca0.4Al2O4：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋有两个发射峰，分别位于442和507nm左右。余辉检测结果表明：样品余辉衰减都是由初始的快衰减过程和其后的慢衰减过程组成，但不同样品衰减快慢不同。利用热释光检测结果对样品中存在的陷阱能级进行了计算，讨论了样品的余辉衰战机制。通过对锶钙配比（X值）不同的样品余辉发光性能的比较分析，研究锶钙配比对余辉发光性能的影响。研究表明：通过调节锶钙配比（X值）的方法，能有效调控余辉发光颜色和衰减快慢。     

Luminescence properties of potassium chloride activated with Ce under vacuum ultraviolet excitation

采用水热蒸发法制备了KCl∶Ce3＋荧光粉。测量并分析了材料在室温下的真空紫外激发光谱及相应的发射光谱。结果表明激发谱显示6个峰,峰位分别为149、194、206、219、233和251nm。其中149nm的激发峰是基质吸收引起的;194、206、219、233和251nm是Ce3＋离子的4f→5d跃迁引起的。发射峰显示双峰结构,峰位分别是311和326nm。此峰对应于Ce3＋离子的5d→4f（2F5/2,2F7/2）跃迁。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to