吸波材料研究进展

简述了吸波材料的吸波物理机理、吸波特性、吸波材料分类以及吸波材料的应用领域。并结合实际指出多晶金属纤维、SiC基陶瓷和C／C复合材料是目前性能最佳、应用前景最好的电磁波吸收材料。     

微波吸波材料的研究进展

随着隐身与反隐身技术的发展,电真空器件对大功率的需求以及电子通讯的广泛普及,电磁波吸收材料是当前功能材料领域的研究热点之一。回顾了微波吸波材料的研究和发展,介绍了微波吸波材料若干新的发现、性能及应用,同时展望了微波吸波材料的发展趋势和研究开发的重点。     

超材料宽频吸波技术研究进展

超材料因其完美吸收特性成为吸波材料研究的热点,但其吸收频段窄成为限制其应用的瓶颈技术。介绍了超材料完美吸波结构,分析了其工作原理,重点综述了超材料实现宽频吸波的途径及其国内外研究现状,总结了各种宽频吸波超材料的结构和性能特点,最后对超材料吸波技术的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

超材料宽频吸波技术研究进展

超材料因其完美吸收特性成为吸波材料研究的热点,但其吸收频段窄成为限制其应用的瓶颈技术。介绍了超材料完美吸波结构,分析了其工作原理,重点综述了超材料实现宽频吸波的途径及其国内外研究现状,总结了各种宽频吸波超材料的结构和性能特点,最后对超材料吸波技术的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

柔性橡胶吸波材料的研究进展

概述柔性橡胶吸波材料吸波基本原理,重点介绍铁氧体系橡胶吸波材料、金属铁微粉系橡胶吸波材料、碳系橡胶吸波材料以及多层橡胶吸波材料的研究状况。目前橡胶吸波材料的探索大多局限于实验室研究,橡胶吸波材料还未能成熟地进行工业化生产和应用,需要进一步探讨高温、低温、振动冲击等环境因素以及硫化体系和混炼工艺对橡胶吸波材料吸波性能的影响,开发能够吸收特定波长的橡胶吸波材料。     

吸波功能高聚物的应用及研究进展

阐述了高聚物应用于电磁波吸收领域的独特优势和吸波功能高聚物的研究进展，并展望了吸波功能高聚物的应用前景及发展方向。     

纤维吸波材料的研究进展

电磁波防护对通信电子、国防军事、健康防护等领域具有重要意义,研究开发高效电磁波吸波材料刻不容缓。纤维吸波材料因其比表面积大、形状各向异性、电磁性能可调性好的特点,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注和研究。简述了吸波材料的电磁波吸收损耗原理,重点阐述了纤维吸波材料的制备方法,总结了不同类型纳米纤维吸波材料的特点及其吸波性能,并对性能好、实用性强的纤维吸波材料今后研究方向进行了展望。     

橡胶吸波材料的研究进展

吸波材料是指能吸收并衰减投射到它表面的电磁波,并通过材料的损耗将其转变为热能或其他形式的能量耗散掉的功能性材料。通过将电磁波吸收剂填充到橡胶中制备成的橡胶吸波材料,结合了吸波剂对电磁波的损耗能力和橡胶优异的力学性能。总结了近年来国内外橡胶吸波材料的的发展现状,考察了不同的吸波剂在单一橡胶体系中的分布状态以及吸波剂在二元橡胶并用体系中的选择性分布对吸波材料吸波效果的影响。     

橡胶吸波材料的研究进展

吸波材料是指能吸收并衰减投射到它表面的电磁波,并通过材料的损耗将其转变为热能或其他形式的能量耗散掉的功能性材料。通过将电磁波吸收剂填充到橡胶中制备成的橡胶吸波材料,结合了吸波剂对电磁波的损耗能力和橡胶优异的力学性能。总结了近年来国内外橡胶吸波材料的的发展现状,考察了不同的吸波剂在单一橡胶体系中的分布状态以及吸波剂在二元橡胶并用体系中的选择性分布对吸波材料吸波效果的影响。     

吸波材料结构、性能及应用研究进展

综述了碳系吸波材料、导电高聚物、手性吸波材料、席夫碱类吸波材料等吸波材料的最新研究应用现状,并展望了吸波材料未来发展趋势。碳纳米管/石墨烯等新型碳系吸波材料结合了炭材料和纳米材料的良好的导电性能和质量轻等优点,具有优异的吸波性能;导电高聚物吸波材料具有较强的可设计性和较低的密度,使得其成为一类具有较大发展潜力的新型吸波材料;手性吸波材料具有手性参数可调、吸波频带宽等优点,通过调整手性参数,可以实现有针对性的微波吸收;席夫碱类吸波材料可通过设计合成长链共轭结构的席夫碱及其金属络合物、引进手性螺旋结构等来提高席夫碱吸波材料的吸波性能。由于吸波材料的性能是影响雷达隐身的关键因素,而传统的吸波材料存在吸收频带窄、吸收强度弱及密度大等问题,新型吸波材料的研究应用成为当前功能材料领域的热点之一。     

水泥基电磁屏蔽与吸波材料的研究进展

阐述了电磁波污染对人类和环境的危害,分析了电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽机理和吸波材料的吸波机理,探讨了水泥基电磁屏蔽材料与吸波材料的设计原理,并论述了它的研究现状,提出了水泥基电磁屏蔽材料与吸波材料今后的研究方向.     

二维晶体Ti3C2Tx MXene发射与屏蔽电磁波的研究进展

MXene是一种新型二维材料,通过剥离层状陶瓷MAX相而制备.Ti3C2Tx MXene 是第一种制备的MXene,也是应用最广泛的MXene.Ti3C2Tx MXene具有良好亲水性,可以分散在水中制备成薄膜.同时具有良好导电性,具有叠层结构,电磁波可以在材料内部的界面多次反射.因为独特的性能与结构,MXene可以作...     

Recent advances in carbon nanotubes-based microwave absorbing composites

With the blossom of information industry, electromagnetic wave technology shows increasingly potential in many fields. Nevertheless, the trouble caused by electromagnetic waves has also drawn extensive attention. For instance, electromagnetic pollution can threaten information safety in vital fields and the normal function of delicate electronic devices. Consequently, electromagnetic pollution and interference become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a potential candidate to deal with these problems due to many advantages, such as high dielectric loss, remarkable thermodynamic stability, and low density. With the appearance of climbing demands, however, the carbon nanotubes combining various composites have shown greater prospects than the single CNTs in microwave absorbing materials. In this short review, recent advances in CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials were comprehensively discussed. Typically, we introduced the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of CNTs-based microwave absorbing materials and generalized the development of CNTs-based microwave absorbers, including CNTs-based magnetic metal composites, CNTs-based ferrite composites, and CNTs-based polymer composites. Ultimately, the growing trend and bottleneck of CNTs-based composites for microwave absorption were analyzed to provide some available ideas to more scientific workers.     

静电纺丝纳米纤维在吸波材料中的应用

随着电子设备的迅速普及，电磁干扰和电磁污染问题随之而来，因此，高性能电磁波吸收材料的设计迫在眉睫。静电纺丝纳米纤维复合材料具有质量轻、柔性大、易加工、兼容性强等优势，有望实现吸波材料“薄、轻、宽、强”的技术要求。该文首先介绍了电磁波吸收材料的吸波原理，之后综述了静电纺丝技术在吸波材料中的研究进展，包括静电纺丝纳米纤维与金属及其氧化物、碳纳米材料与导电聚合物、过渡金属碳化物的复合以及在多层吸波材料中的应用，总结了不同种类复合材料的优缺点。最后，展望了静电纺丝纳米纤维在吸波领域的发展趋势以及应该关注的问题。     

A low-cost lightweight microwave absorber: Silicon carbide synthesized from tissue

Recently, microwave absorbing materials have been widely used with the development of electromagnetic wave technology such as 5G communication. It is urgent to develop low-cost electromagnetic wave absorbing materials to meet the increasing civil market demand. Herein, we report a novel and simple strategy to synthesize lightweight silicon carbide microwave absorber by calcining tissue and glass microspheres at high temperature. The results show that higher synthesis temperature can improve the crystallinity of SiC, generate more whiskers and reduce the impurity content. This in turn increases the dielectric loss of the material. The products synthesized at 1600 °C have excellent microwave absorption properties. At the thickness of 1.3 mm, it achieves a reflection loss of ?32.5 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.1 GHz. This study broadens the way for the potential reuse of waste paper and glass, and provides a useful reference for the preparation of low-cost microwave absorbing materials.     

电磁屏蔽玻璃研究与发展现状

随着现代科技高速发展,各类通信设备与电子仪器所产生和面临的电磁污染与电磁干扰状况日益复杂,因而电磁屏蔽材料的研究受到了广泛关注。而在军事、航空航天、医疗、精密仪器等诸多领域同时存在着实现光学透明和电磁屏蔽功能的应用需求,因此研发兼具高透过率和高电磁屏蔽效能的电磁屏蔽玻璃具有重要意义。本文对近年来国内外关于电磁屏蔽玻璃的最新研究进展进行了综合评述,并从结构角度将电磁屏蔽玻璃分为膜层类结构、网栅类结构和复合结构三类,对各种结构及材料的优势与缺陷进行了总结和分析,最后对未来该领域的研究方向和发展前景进行了展望。     

Designing of an rGO-based heterostructure for highly efficient microwave absorption performance and flame retardancy

To meet the increasingly serious challenges of electromagnetic pollution and fire hazards, highly efficient electromagnetic absorbing materials with good flame retardancy have been accurately developed. A complex high-performance electromagnetic absorber was designed by doping graphene oxide heterostructures (including zero-dimensional nanoparticles and two-dimensional graphene) containing cobalt, nickel and iron oxyhydroxide through the coordination effect. When 20 wt% CNFO@rGO was incorporated into paraffin, the minimum reflection loss (RL) reached -51.6 dB at a thickness of 3.5 mm, showing a high electromagnetic absorption efficiency. It was concluded that the excellent impedance matching, the best dielectric loss and the higher magnetic loss caused by the heterostructure combined with the electromagnetic parameters, Cole-Cole semicircle, impedance matching (Z) and attenuation coefficient resulted in excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Moreover, the peak heat release (PHRR) and heat release rate (HRC) decreased by 55.5% and 55.1%, respectively, when 10 wt% CNFO@rGO was incorporated into the epoxy resin (EP), indicating enormous potential for the enhancement of flame-retarding electromagnetic absorbing materials.     

Metal-oxide doping enhances electromagnetic wave absorption performance of BaFe12O19 glass-ceramics

Elimination or reduction of electromagnetic wave pollution is receiving increasing attention; development of high-performance wave-absorbing materials has become key to solving this problem. In this study, BaFe₁₂O₁₉ crystals were precipitated in a BaO–Fe₂O₃–B₂O₃–SiO₂ glass system using the melt-quench-second heat treatment method. The microstructure and magnetic properties of the BaFe₁₂O₁₉ glass ceramics and their electromagnetic wave loss characteristics were analyzed. The composition of the crystals in the glass can be modified by introducing other metal oxides, such as ZrO₂ (BFO-Z), TiO₂ (BFO-T), and Al₂O₃ (BFO-A), to enrich the heterogeneous interfaces and increase the dielectric loss of the material. The maximum effective absorption bandwidth of BaFe₁₂O₁₉ glass-ceramics with addition of ZrO₂ (BFO-Z) was increased to 3.20 GHz; the minimum reflection loss was reduced to −45.60 dB. This simple method represents a new direction for fabricating high-performance wave-absorbing materials.     

导电纤维在屏蔽塑料中应用的研究进展

导电屏蔽塑料是防止静电危害、电磁波污染的一种有广泛前景的功能高分子材料。本文综述了碳纤维、碳纳米管、不锈钢纤维、钢纤维和各种镀金属纤维填充导电屏蔽塑料的国内外研究进展。