基于LabVIEW的FBG温度传感器数据采集系统设计

针对光纤B ragg光栅(FBG)温度传感器实时监测过程中,对数据采集和处理的快速、准确的要求,提出了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的实时数据采集处理系统设计方案。该方案在首先考虑FBG温度传感器原理的基础上设计了数据采集处理系统,应用虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW语言编写程序,实现了对数据采集系统的控制与处理。对FBG温度传感器的实验测试表明:所设计的系统能够满足FBG传感器实时数据采集和处理的要求。     

符合Real-time CORBA规范的传感器网络监控系统设计

传感器网络在解决底层数据源和I／O设备的异构性、处理连续查询的实时性、服务质量自适应等方面提出了许多新的挑战。提出一种基于实时CORBA的传感器网络数据流处理框架,说明了符合实时中间件规范的数据流处理系统设计的方法和特点,通过实验对该框架进行了性能测试,验证了其处理连续查询的实时性。     

基于无线传感网络的智能温室大棚监控系统

针对传统人工采集费时费力和有线监控布线复杂、维护困难的局限性,将传感器与ZigBee无线网络技术相结合,提出了无线传感网络的智能温室大棚监控系统的设计方案。该系统利用ZigBee技术实现对采集数据及信息的无线收发,通过公共网关接口CGI将数据和控制信息传送到互联网。操作人员可从远距离的PC机上实时查看数据、实施控制,从而实现了真正意义的远程监控。     

基于数据聚合的无线传感器网络拓扑发现算法

针对传感器网络能源有限的特性,提出了一种基于数据聚合的拓扑发现算法。根据在聚合节点（sink）收集到网络内部节点报文接收或丢失的情况,通过发现网络中所有叶子节点到sink节点的数据传输路径,来推测网络的逻辑拓扑,不会增加网络负担。仿真实验表明：算法可以准确快速地推测传感器网络的拓扑,并且适合大规模传感网络的拓扑推测。     

基于无线传感器网络及GPRS的水质监测系统设计

提出了一种基于ZigBee无线传感器网络和GPRS技术的多参数远程实时水质监测系统;无线传感器网络以CC2430通信模块为核心,传感器节点采集到的数据经路由节点汇总至协调器节点,通过GPRS模块及时远传至监控中心,设计信号调理电路,将传感器电极输出的微弱电信号进行放大、滤波,采用时间同步机制实现网络节点的同步唤醒,大幅提高网络的稳定性;对系统进行了多天连续测试,通信距离为100m时,网络的平均丢包率低于1%,pH值、溶氧度的平均相对偏差低于1%;测试结果表明,系统具有灵活、实时性好、准确性高、稳定可靠等优点,具有很强的实用价值。     

基于STM32的无线光照传感器节点的设计

无线传感器网络是当前信息领域中研究的热点之一,适用于对环境中的参数进行采集、处理和发送。文章介绍了一种基于STM32F103RBT6的无线光照传感器节点的设计与实现方法,该方法利用光照传感器作为环境数据采集单元,并使用无线射频模块UZ2400将数据发送至网关,再由网关将数据送至上位机达到实时监控的目的。文章除提出了光照传感器节点的硬件设计并描述了系统的软件架构及实现方法外,其节点具有较高的实用性和可靠性,能实时准确地采集环境中的光照强度值,因而在未来的智能家居系统中具有良好的应用前景。     

多尺度传感网络失效节点检测系统设计

对多尺度传感网络中的失效节点进行准确检测与定位,实现故障节点的高效检测,保障传感网络的可靠运行。提出一种基于多传感器量化融合跟踪滤波检测的失效节点检测算法,并进行检测系统优化设计。构建多尺度传感网络的节点分布实体对象模型,进行失效节点检测系统总体设计和技术指标分析。设计基于多传感器量化融合跟踪滤波检测的失效节点检测算法。进行系统的硬件设计,包括A/D模块设计、时钟电路设计、程序加载电路设计、传感器通信模块设计和系统电源模块设计。在ARM Cortex?-M0平台上进行检测系统软件开发。系统仿真结果表明,该系统进行多尺度传感网络失效节点检测的准确度较高,提高了传感器网络的寿命周期。     

Gas sensor network for air-pollution monitoring

This paper describes the development of a gas sensor system to be used as a sensing node to form a dense real-time environmental monitoring network. Moreover, a new auto-calibration method is proposed to achieve the maintenance-free operation of the sensor network. The network connectivity can be used not only for data collection but also for the calibration and diagnosis of the sensors since the measured pollutant concentrations can be easily compared through the network with nearby sensors and governmental monitoring stations. Different pollutant concentrations are usually monitored at different sites. However, a case study on local NO₂ distribution has shown that there exists a special condition under which pollutant concentrations become low and uniform in a certain local area. The baseline of the gas sensor response can be adjusted in this special occasion using the pollutant concentration values reported from the neighboring environmental monitoring stations. The experimental result has shown that NO₂ concentration can be measured with sufficient accuracy by incorporating appropriate temperature and humidity compensation into calibration curves. Moreover, a case study on auto-calibration demonstrates its effectiveness in keeping the measurement accuracy of the sensor system in long-term operation.     

基于无线传感网的气体扩散立体监测系统设计

针对气体在开放式空间扩散的问题,手机了基于无线传感网的气体扩散立体监测系统。监测系统由多个无线传感器节点和基站组成。低功耗设计的无线传感器节点具有无线通信、串行通信、GPS自定位、计算控制等功能,传感器节点之间通过MESH网络实现多跳组网通信。实时操作系统上运行的网络协议可提高系统运行的实时性和可靠性。系统上位机软件能够显示气体在三维空间中的扩散情况,并显示天气状况和节点的剩余电量信息。通过外场测试表明,该系统能够实时监测含磷气体扩散情况,为防止进一步造成较大的损失提供可靠的信息。     

网络传感器操作系统设计

针对网络传感器节点有限硬件资源约束的特性,分析了现有操作系统设计的不足,以Arena操作系统为基础,设计了一种新的操作系统软件架构。这个架构允许操作系统功能模块和应用程序模块在系统运行时动态加载和替换,保障系统代码的安全升级,实现低能耗、高可信的操作系统功能,并支持网络传感器系统的可重构和自适应能力。     

无线传感器网络中新型的网内数据融合定时机制

大部分现有的数据融合策略都会给网络数据的传输造成很大的延迟,影响网络的精确性。为此,提出了一种新型的网内数据融合定时控制机制。它将网络中感应数据划分为实时数据和非实时数据,通过对不同数据采用的区分服务,对节点的融合定时时间进行合理配置,取得了网络能量利用效率与数据精确性之间的良好折中。     

基于虚拟仪器的智能车无线实时数据采集系统

在飞思卡尔智能车调试中,需要对运行中的小车参数实时进行采集处理,以便改进设计及对控制参数进行现场整定。为此,提出了一种基于虚拟仪器技术和无线传输的实时数据采集处理系统设计方案。该设计方案采用嵌入式无线通信模块,通过串口进行数据采集,借助LabVIEW图形化的编程方式,快速搭建个性化的数据处理显示平台。具有成本低廉、接口简单、实用性强、功能易于扩展的特点,在实际应用中取得了良好效果。     

基于运动检测的远程图像采集系统的设计与实现

文章设计了一种基于运动检测的FPGA远程图像采集与存储系统,并给出了系统整体设计方案和核心的运动检测模块的具体实现方法。该系统主要由图像采集模块,运动检测模块,图像存储模块以及网络接入模块组成。该设计在FPGA多媒体开发平台EP2C70的基础上添加基于LAN91C111的网络接入模块来实现,利用Verilog语言在该平台上具体实现运动检测算法。试验证明该系统可以快速并智能化采集图像信息,快速的检测异常运动物体,采集的图像信息被实时存储或者通过网络接入模块实现远程传输。     

无线传感器网络在环境应急车中的设计与应用*

针对传统的环境应急车获取现场数据耗时、复杂、不够灵活的缺点,提出了利用ZigBee无线传感器网络对污染现场进行数据采集和实时监测的方案。该方案将传感器终端布置于污染现场进行监测,并将监测的数据通过ZigBee无线通信协议传输给路由器、协调器,最终把数据提交给上位机软件进行分析整理并导入数据库。硬件上采用C8051F340微控制器与XBee-PRO无线模块相结合设计各节点。本设计功耗低、体积小、成本低,使用方便,适用于环境应急车对污染现场的监测。     

CGD-GA: A graph-based genetic algorithm for sensor network design

The foundations and implementation of a genetic algorithm (GA) for instrumentation purposes are presented in this paper. The GA constitutes an initialization module of a decision support system for sensor network design. The method development entailed the definition of the individual’s representation as well as the design of a graph-based fitness function, along with the formulation of several other ad hoc implemented features. The performance and effectiveness of the GA were assessed by initializing the instrumentation design of an ammonia synthesis plant. The initialization provided by the GA succeeded in accelerating the sensor network design procedures. It also accomplished a great improvement in the overall quality of the resulting instrument configuration. Therefore, the GA constitutes a valuable tool for the treatment of real industrial problems.     

分布式网络多通道实时数据无线监测系统设计

普通无线监测系统中单个数据节点完整性较低,不能在适应网络多级结构分布形式变化的前提下,完成数据传输情况的实时记录。为解决上述问题,设计新型分布式网络多通道实时数据无线监测系统。通过数据实时采集、JIAG无线监测电路设计,确定网络服务器在分布式串口中的连接形式,完成新型监测系统的硬件设计;针对监测电路模块,对多通道网络协议、节点监测主程序、无线监测上机位三大环节进行调整,完成新型监测系统的软件设计,实现系统的顺利运行。对比实验结果表明,与传统系统相比,应用新型无线监测系统后,多级网络结构分布适应性提升35%左右、单个数据节点的完整性提升20%左右。     

A study of a reverse engineering system based on vision sensor for free-form surfaces

Reverse engineering can quickly create a CAD model of a new product, in which, the sensor, sampling planning and surface reconstruction are three crucial elements. In this paper, a reverse engineering system involving a new vision sensor, an improved sampling planning module and a fine surface reconstruction module is developed. A characteristic of the proposed sensor is strong linearity between output and input, obtained by the structure optimization when a simple lens replaces the asperic lens. Back propagation (BP) neural network error compensation heightens accuracy. To increase efficiency of digitization, an improved sampling planning approach is proposed; it is based on surface curvature and tangent line slope of a measured point. In surface reconstruction, a new adaptive extracting approach based on curvature of surface reconstructs the non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surface for the scattered data. The accompanying reverse engineering experiment proves the proposed system to be reliable and efficient.     

MEMS惯性传感器ADIS16355在姿态测量中应用研究

为了实现惯性导航控制,需获取控制对象的姿态角信息,设计了基于MEMS惯性传感器集成模块ADIS16355的姿态测量系统。该姿态测量系统采用ADIS16355作为惯性测量单元,利用加速度计对重力向量的观测来修正陀螺给出的姿态信息,卡尔曼滤波实现传感器信息融合以计算运动载体的姿态角。介绍了ADIS16355的基本功能模块,阐述了两种传感器融合测量实时姿态角的方法并给出了卡尔曼滤波算法迭代过程,基于ARMv7架构的Cotex-M3微处理器设计了姿态测量系统硬件。采用AHRS500GA对该姿态测量系统性能进行了测量姿态角的验证实验,测试结果表明,该姿态测量系统能在动态条件下准确地测定运动物体实时姿态角,其误差一般在?1?左右。     

Practical deployment of an in-field soil property wireless sensor network

A soil property monitoring system based on wireless sensor network technology (WSN) was developed and deployed in a wheat field. The system included a local WSN with multiple sensor nodes to acquire soil property data, a data sink, and a long-distance cellular network to transmit field data to a remote database. The quality of service of the system was evaluated based on the average packet delivery rate and valid data rate, which were both above 95% for each sensor node during the tests. The system could provide users an easy access of real-time field data.     

Quality-aware data abstraction layer for collaborative 2-tier sensor network applications

This paper presents PRIDE, a novel data abstraction layer for collaborative 2-tier sensor network applications. PRIDE, more specifically, targets distributed real-time applications, in which multiple collaborative mobile devices have to analyze a global situation by collecting and managing data streams from massive underlying sensors. PRIDE at these devices hides the details of underlying sensors and provides transparent, timely, and robust access to global sensor data under highly dynamic and unpredictable environments of emerging sensor network applications. For transparent and efficient sharing of global sensor data, a model-based predictive replication mechanism is proposed and integrated into a conventional data management system that supports diverse types of spatial and temporal queries. In addition, for robust and timely query processing, the predictive replication scheme is extended to the problem of guaranteeing Quality-of-Service (QoS) by introducing feedback control of the accuracy bounds of models. We show the viability of the proposed solution by implementing and evaluating it on a 2-tier sensor network testbed, emulating collaborative search-and-rescue tasks with realistic workloads. Our evaluation results demonstrate that PRIDE can achieve timely sensor data sharing among a large number of devices in a highly robust and controlled manner.