羊毛筒子纱染色的渗透性及其匀染性

为了解决羊毛筒子纱染色的匀染性问题,构建了羊毛筒子纱染色时染液流体、纱线状态和染色工艺三相体系关系,揭示出羊毛筒子纱染色过程中纱线出现色差的原因。结果表明:筒子纱染色过程中由于染液流体与纱线耦合渗流的渗透性能发生变化,导致染色后纱线内外层出现色差;染液流体单向作用于纱线时,纱线厚度增大或密度增大,导致染液流体对筒子纱的渗透性变差,筒子纱内外层色差变大,纱线密度的影响更显著;增大染液流体流速可改善匀染性;染液流体双向循环染色时,先进行反循环染色,反循环与正循环(从内到外)染色时间比为5∶3(5 min,3 min)时,控制染色升温速率为1℃/min,纱线匀染性最佳。     

提高丝饼染色质量的工艺探讨

丝饼染色又称筒子压缩染色。纱线采用这种染色工艺,目前在国外也是比较先进的。它是在筒子染色的基础上发展起来的,与筒子染色相比,具有染色容量大、浴比小、助剂用量及能源消耗少、染色质量稳定、染缩率小、纱线损耗少等优点。织造厂使用得当,还可缩短色织生产工序;但是,如果染色工艺和操作掌握不当,也会造成纱线损耗大和内外层色差等问题。 一年多来,我厂对丝饼染色工艺进行边试验边生产逐步扩大的方式。目前,日染色能力已达到3吨以上,形成了一定的生产能力;同时,染色品种也发展到毛型纯涤纶、空     

染整生产疑难问题解答

问：天然筒子纱线染色为什么出现内外层色差？答：天丝〈即Tencel〉纤维是一种再生纤维素纤维、是一种绿色纤维。其特性是纤维柔软，有羊绒般的手感、有丝一般的光泽、又有棉纤维的吸湿性。由于天然的原料和纺丝方法与其它再生纤维素不同，其纤维形态与结构也有所差异，所以其染色性能也不同，特别是在筒子纱线染色表现更为突出。     

筒子纱漂染层差疵病的控制方法

层差疵病是筒子纱漂染中出现的最严重的质量问题之一,有效的控制能够减少纱文中从筒子纱准备、纱线种类、染色设备和工艺、添加助剂和加料方式、主循环泵流量及循环方式等多方面分析了造成层差疵病的影响因素,阐述了具体的控制方法和要求,以达到筒子纱内外层同步漂染的目标.     

植物染筒子纱染色的实现

纱线染色是以纱线为对象的染色工艺,主要包括经轴染色、绞纱染色、筒子纱染色、经束轧染等。其中筒子纱染色又称纬管纱染色,其上染方式是将短纤纱或长丝卷绕在布满孔眼的筒管上(要求卷绕密度适当、均匀,一般称为“松筒”),然后将其套在染色机载纱器的染柱上,放入筒子染色机内,借助泵的作用,使染液在筒子纱线或纤维之间穿透循环。筒子纱染色过程是一个化学变化,需要经过前处理、入缸高温染色、脱水烘干等步骤,将坯纱变成筒子色纱。     

XORELLA真空调湿定形机

采用纱力拉XORELLA真空调湿定形机对热收缩性较大的涤纶长丝进行筒子染色前的预缩处理,并在LABWIN筒子染缸中进行纱线染色.试验表明,采用纱力拉饱和蒸汽处理后,能有效改善纱线的染色质量,增加每个染色筒子载量,减少纱线损耗并降低染色成本.     

涤棉筒子染色工艺路线的改进

涤棉染色在高温下收缩比较严重,经常出现内层浮色外层浅和纱线卡断现象,我们采取了多种措施,但收效不大,采用弹簧管染涤棉纱很好的避免了内层浮色外层浅和纱线卡断两个问题,解决了困扰我们多年的难题,收到了很好的效果.     

一种新型筒子纱硬度测试方法及其应用

筒子纱进行染色时,对筒子纱质量要求严格,筒子纱密度的均匀性在很大程度上影响着染色质量。介绍了一种新型的筒子纱硬度测试仪器及使用方法,并利用该仪器探究了筒子纱内部硬度分布情况,各层纱线硬度与纱线机械性能的关系,及筒子纱硬度与密度的关系。结果表明:筒子纱内部硬度与纱线的机械性能没有必然联系,筒子纱的断裂强力和断裂伸长主要取决于纱线的条干。筒子纱各层硬度与密度之间有一定联系,越往里层,硬度和密度均呈递增趋势。通过对比筒子纱与管纱的机械性能,得知络筒工序在一定程度上使得纱线条干恶化,强力不匀率增加。     

筒子纱卷绕密度的简易图算法

在筒子纱染色生产过程中,络筒是染色前的准备工序,它直接影响到染色质量。待染的筒子纱要求成型好,交叉卷绕现整,重量一致,密度均匀。特别是低浴比筒子纱染色机,对络筒的技术要求更高。 在络筒质量评定中,卷绕密度是一个较重要的指标,它直接影响纱线染色时染液流过筒子纱的流量,因而影响着纱线的上色。染色生产过程中,对不同品种的纱线要求络     

纯棉丝光筒纱染色工艺

介绍了纯棉丝光纱筒子染色的关键技术,包括络筒、压纱、前处理、染色以及后处理.生产实践表明,严格控制丝光纱线的络筒密度、合理设定染色正反循环流量和时间、选用合适的工艺和染化料,纯棉丝光筒子纱可完全达到内外层色差小、光泽亮丽和手感平滑柔软的效果.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press