质量提取法对注射用头孢他啶包装系统的密封完整性研究

目的 建立一套完整的质量提取方法，对注射用头孢他啶(规格为15 mL，1.0 g)的包装系统的密封完整性进行研究。方法 通过对阴性对照样品、阴性样品以及阳性样品进行测试，进而优化试验参数，完成系统适用性、检出限以及质量提取法的方法学确认，并对在加速条件下存放的0月、3月、6月的6批样品进行测试。加速条件:温度为(40±2)℃，相对湿度为(75±5)%。结果 该方法的检测限为2 μm，检测灵敏便捷，本品的密封完整性符合要求。结论 质量提取方法可用于顶空无菌包装系统的注射用头孢他啶的密封性研究。     

包装密封性检测原理简析

本文在分析国内外密封性检测的发展和密封性对包装质量影响的基础上,介绍了包装密封性检测技术现状及无损检测技术,并进一步探讨了密封检测的一些新技术。     

包装密封性检测技术方法

包装密封性是影响产品包装质量的主要因素之一。对于传统的包装密封性检测方法，针对在软包装出台了相应的测试标准。传统的气密性检测技术都基于泄漏的定性检测，且基本为破坏性检测，但不能确定泄漏的具体定量、位置，主要不足是无法检测每一个包装产品，而且检测起来耗工费时。因此，研究可检测所有生产包装，具有全自动、可靠性的在线非破坏漏洞检测技术成为近年国内外研究重点。     

甲醇钠危险特性分析及包装形式的研究

目的:甲醇钠收录在我国《危险化学品目录》2015版中,属于一种常见的危险化学品。它的运输危险特性包括自热性和腐蚀性,遇水或潮湿空气易变质并释放出具毒性和易燃性的甲醇。为保障运输安全,对其运输包装的密封性进行了研究。方法:甲醇钠的传统运输包装形式为密闭封口的开口钢桶,但达到运输安全所要求的密封性能较困难。一种新的检测方法可以检测作为运输内包装的塑料薄膜袋的密封性。结果:新方法的测试结果与传统的浸水法结果一致,通过测试的密封塑料薄膜袋可作为甲醇钠运输时的内包装。结论:采用开口钢桶做外包装,密封塑料薄膜袋做内包装,既降低了外包装的气密性要求和运输成本,又能保障运输安全。     

空间环境下航天器部件密封性能评价方法研究

从航天器密封部件的密封种类和泄漏原理,特别是橡胶密封圈的泄漏原理出发,分析了经高真空、高低温、空间辐照等空间环境对航天器密封性能的影响,给出了采用泄漏检测技术作为密封性能评价的方法。重点介绍了基于现有漏率性能评价方法而研制的几种航天器部件密封性能评价装置以及在现有评价装置上开展的部分航天器部件密封性能试验及研究情况。     

基于支持向量机的人本化包装设计评价模型

目的探索人本化包装设计的本质内涵及评价方法,为客观评价和提高产品包装的人本化设计水平提供理论支持和实现方法。方法运用文献研读、理论提炼和逻辑推演等方法,提炼出人本化包装设计的评价指标体系,在此基础上,引入支持向量机,构建了人本化包装设计的量化评价模型。结果验证了支持向量机评价模型的可行性和有效性。结论该评价模型具有广泛的应用前景,为提升产品包装的人本化设计水平提供了理论依据。     

基于LabVIEW的航空炮弹包装盒密封性检测方案设计

目的针对当前航空炮弹包装盒密封性检测存在的不足,设计一种基于LabVIEW的航空炮弹包装盒和小型航空弹药引信,以及火工品包装密封性检测系统。方法将待检包装置于检测平台密封箱内,将PLC控制器作为下位机,控制加气机和气体电磁阀工作。先向密封箱内充气,达到设定压力后保压一段时间,再利用气压传感器采集箱内的气压信号,经调理后送入USB数据采集卡,并传到以LabVIEW作为开发平台的上位机中,对采集的信号进行存储、处理与显示。结果对预先选取的2个包装盒进行验证,分别置于1,2号密封箱内,测得气压下降率分别为13.82%和3.45%,经分析认为气压下降率5%即认定包装失封,因此判定1号包装盒密封失效,2号密封良好。结论基于LabVIEW的测试系统具有自动化程度高、可扩展性强、搭建方便等特点,对提升航空弹药的保障效率有一定意义。     

浅析军品密封包装的密封技术要求及试验方法

目的合理制定密封包装的密封技术要求,为采用恰当的试验方法开展验证工作提供依据。方法参考有关产品规范和包装标准的具体内容,结合密封包装的用途及功能特性,列举密封技术要求的各种表述形式;充分考虑军品包装标准、防护方法、运输过程中的温度和地理环境等方面的规定和要求,探讨制定密封技术要求的主要依据;根据实际情况分析密封性试验方法的适应性及实际应用过程中需控制的影响因素。结果总结出密封技术要求的各种表述形式、制定依据及密封试验方法应用过程中的影响因素。结论研究结果可以作为制定密封包装密封技术要求的主要依据,也可以作为选用密封试验方法的参考资料。     

蔬菜水果的塑料薄膜密封包装储藏技术

介绍了塑料薄膜密封包装技术在蔬菜水果和其他易腐产品包装贮藏中的应用,不但延缓了与果实有关的许多生理变化,还可保持内膜的完整性和防止果实变软。在减少果实皱缩、防止果实失重方面效果显著,对风味也无任何不良影响。     

产品包装评价体系模型及其应用

针对产品包装设计条件复杂且不断变化的特点,以系统分析思想为基础,建立闭环双反馈产品包装评价体系模型.该模型可以通过反馈机制,修正评价结果,进而为设计者进行方案评价提供评价方法.最后以牛奶利乐枕包装评价过程为实例进行说明.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.