任意形状导体与线天线组合目标的瞬态特性分析

本文采用微分形式的时域电场积分方程(TDEFIE)时间步进算法(MOT)对任意形状导体与线天线组合目标的电磁瞬念特性进行了分析.针对组合目标的复杂特性,使用细金属带状线模拟线天线,采用统一的RWG基函数表示表面电流分布,采用三阶内插时间基函数并通过恰当的时间步长选取对该问题进行分析求解.同时给出了线面连接处单元的剖分方法,基函数的设置.线面连接处电源激励模型的添加以及输入阻抗计算方法,最后给出了验证算法的数值结果.     

预处理结合AWE技术求解导体目标RCS

采用渐近波形估计技术(AWE)和预处理技术求解导体目标的宽带雷达散射截面(RCS)。应用矩量法求解导体目标的电场积分方程,通过构造预条件算子,使由矩量法得到的阻抗矩阵稀疏化,从而计算导体表面电流时变得简便,再结合渐近波形估计(AWE)技术计算导体目标的宽带雷达散射截面(RCS)。实例结果表明,该方法在计算电大导体目标时具有较高的计算效率和很好的精度。     

MOM/Lanczos-AWE算法快速求解良导体柱的RCS宽带与宽角响应

考虑导体柱的电磁散射 ,由于一般实际导体为良导体 ,若利用表面阻抗的边界条件 ,则良导体柱的电场积分方程 (EFIE)为第二类Fredholm积分方程 ;将矩量法 (MOM )应用到该积分方程时 ,该积分方程转化为第二类Fredholm矩阵方程。本文提出了一种求解第二类Fredholm矩阵方程的Lanczos AWE递归迭代快速算法 ,首先采用Lanczos技术快速求解在某一给定频率或角度时第二类Fredholm矩阵方程 ,得到在该频率或角度时良导体的表面电流分布 ;然后采用渐近波形估计 (AWE)技术求取所考虑的频段内任意频率或角度范围内任意角度时良导体的表面电流分布。根据表面电流分布预测了任意形状良导体柱的单站雷达散射截面 (RCS)的宽带与宽角响应。计算结果表明Lanczos AWE技术可大大加快MOM法的计算速度。     

AWE技术结合帕德逼近在二维电磁散射中的应用

渐近波形估计(AWE)技术结合帕德(Pade)逼近的误差估计方法可以快速预测二维理想导电柱体的表面电流。首先采用表面离散化边界方程(OS-DBE)法对导体表面任意点的未知场源进行求解,其次运用AWE技术获得该点附近一段区域的场源分布,然后通过帕德逼近的误差估计方法可以确定AWE展开的确切范围。依此步骤进行下一个点的计算,最终可以求得导体表面上全部点的场源分布。计算结果表明此方法很大程度上提高了OS-DBE法的计算效率和AWE技术的实用价值。     

WCAWE技术快速求解宽频带散射特性

本文首先对用于矩量法(MoM)频带响应求解的传统波形渐进估计(AWE)技术进行了深入分析,得出传统AWE技术有可能产生病态的Pade逼近系数矩阵这一重要结论.由此引用了良态波形渐进估计(WCAWE)技术,并用于快速求解任意形状三维导体的宽频带雷达散射截面.数值结果表明:采用WCAWE技术,计算效率明显提高.     

渐近波形估计技术应用于导体柱RCS方向图的快速获取

本文基于渐近波形估计(AWE)技术和矩量法(MOM)快速预测任意形状导电柱体(PEC)的单站RCS方向图.首先采用矩量法求解导体柱的电场积分方程,得到导体柱在某一给定方向入射波照射下的表面电流的低阶矩量,然后利用AWE技术求出在任意方向入射波照射下用有理分式函数表示的表面电流,进而计算出RCS方向图.计算结果表明AWE完全能逼近MOM精确计算的曲线,同时在计算速度上可加快几十倍.     

线天线与导体面连接处一种新型的连接基函数

结合已有文献中提出的线面结合处理方法,对各种连接基函数进行了综合分析,提出一种新颖的线面连接处连接基函数.该连接基函数不存在函数自身奇异性问题,且形式简单、精度高,可以应用于任何线面相连的情形.采用矩量法分别计算了线天线位于导体表面、边缘以及顶点三种情况的输入阻抗,数值结果表明了所提连接基函数的准确性和有效性.     

渐近波形估计技术在涂敷导体柱宽角度RCS快速计算中的应用

采用渐近波形估计技术 (AWE)和矩量法相结合的方法 ,计算了TM波入射下表面涂敷有耗介质的导体柱的宽角度单站RCS ,本方法首先采用矩量法求解由电磁场等效原理得到的介质层表面等效电磁流耦合方程 ,得到柱体在某一给定方向入射波照射下的电流和磁流密度 ,然后采用渐近波形估计技术将任意角度入射波照射下的电流和磁流密度在给定的角度附近按Taylor级数展开 ,通过Pad埁逼近将Ｔａｙｌｏｒ级数转化为有理函数 ,由此可以得到涂敷导体柱在任意角度TM波入射下的电流和磁流密度 ,进而可以得到柱体的宽角度RCS。此方法得到的结果与由MOM计算的结果完全吻合 ,而AWE的计算效率却提高了一个数量级。     

带机箱问题的共模辐射特性分析

本文采用电场积分方程(EFIE)结合矩量法(MoM)求解了带机箱的共模辐射场问题，导体基函数采用RWG基函数、导线基函数采用脉冲基函数、连接域部分采用Costa基函数，并应用了奇异域分离法，很好地解决了连接域部分的奇异性问题，通过计算得出了几个有机箱存在时共模辐射特性的新结论。     

带机箱问题的共模辐射特性分析

对带机箱的共模辐射场问题采用了电场积分方程(EFIE)结合矩量法(MoM)求解.本文导体基函数采用RWG基函数,导线基函数采用脉冲基函数,连接域部分采用Costa基函数,并应用了奇异域分离法,很好地解决了连接域部分的奇异性问题.通过计算得出了几个有机箱存在时共模辐射特性的新结论.     

Efficient analysis of electromagnetic radiation from microstrip antenna using volume-surface current contunuity method

The Volume-Surface Current Continuity Method (VSCCM) is presented to analyze electromagnetic radiation from microstrip antenna. The microstrip antenna is discretized into small triangular patches on conducting surface and tetrahedral volume cells in dielectric region. The Method of Moments (MoM) is applied to solve the integral equation. An equation contains the restriction relation between the volume and surface current coefficient is derived from the current continuity equation at those parts where the conducting surface is in contact with the dielectric material. A simple equivalent strip model is introduced in the treatment of the feeding probe in VSCCM. The VSCCM can reduce the unknowns required to be solved in MoM, as well as the condition number of the matrix equation. Numerical results are given to validate the accuracy and efficiency of this method.     

An improved MoM model for line-fed patch antennas and printed circuits

In this paper, an improved model is proposed to analyze the edge-connected line-fed patch antennas and printed circuits based on the method of moments (MoM), where the number of unknowns can be significantly reduced using simplified meshes. In the presented model, three types of basis functions are used to describe the currents on the antenna patch and circuit, the feedline and the feedline-patch junction. A new feedline-patch junction basis function is proposed based on the conventional wire-surface junction basis function. Numerical results are given to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the improved MoM model.     

The Radiation Properties of a Novel Wire Antenna for the Security Fence Radar

The radiation properties of a novel wire antenna are investigated. The main part of this antenna is a sinusoidal wire undulator, which radiates by coupling electromagnetic energy from a Goubau line located near the antenna. Far-field patterns and S-parameters composed of three sets of antenna are measured. The measured patterns are compared with the calculated ones and the phase and attenuation constants of all the antennas are calculated. Frequency behavior and the dependency on the antenna dimensions of those wave parameters are investigated. Measured and calculated field patterns are also compared with the MoM patterns and some properties of the wave propagating along structure are explained by using MoM current distributions. It is shown that a broadside transversal radiation occurs in a narrow frequency band. The radiation intensity strongly depends on the coupling distance between the Goubau line and the sinusoidal undulator. This antenna is used as the basic element of the security fence radar antenna array working at 1.25 GHz in the L-band, which detects intruders approaching the fence. The performance of the antenna in the array is investigated and the near field distribution of the array is measured. The received signals caused by an intruder are given. The effects of rain and wind are also considered. The results suggests that the security fence radar introduced in this study can be used for the perimeter control of closed areas such as airports, malls, etc.      

复杂城市环境电磁态势的场数值分析与测量对比

采用高阶矩量法（method of moment，MoM）结合高频射线法对复杂城市环境中电磁分布进行仿真计算.利用高精度的高阶MoM对辐射源进行精细仿真，利用一致性几何绕射理论的射线模型描述电磁波在电大场景中的传播，并给出了两种方法之间的接口方案.在实际城市环境中对电磁分布和电磁态势进行了有效的计算，选取西安市某城区一平方千米区域进行了实地测量，实测数据与仿真计算进行了对比，取得了比较好的结果，证明了文中方法的有效性和实用性.     

蘑菇型EBG微带天线电磁辐射特性分析

利用矩量法对探针馈电的蘑菇型EBG微带天线的电磁辐射特性进行了分析。首先建立了天线模型,采用细导线的带模型将馈电探针和EBG短路过孔等效为细带,并与EBG金属表面和微带贴片一样均采用平面三角面元剖分,RWG基函数作为电流展开函数,将线面连接问题转化为面面连接问题。然后给出了采用空域矩量法对天线辐射特性进行分析的全过程,并介绍了激励源的添加模型。最后对蘑菇型EBG微带天线的回路损耗、输入阻抗和方向图等特性进行了分析计算,相关结果与FEKO和文献吻合良好,验证了本文方法的正确性。     

A multilevel formulation of the method of moments [EM scattering]

The modeling of electromagnetic scattering and radiation problems using the method of moments (MoM) is limited to resonant frequencies because of the extensive computational requirements of solving large matrix equations. In this study, a multilevel formulation of MoM which allows substantial computational savings and, thus, extends the application of MoM to higher frequencies is presented. Using a hierarchy of discretization levels, the multilevel technique extracts different modal components of the solution by focusing on a specific portion of the spectrum of the solution at a given level. The fundamental features of this process for the MoM solution of the electric field integral equation (EFIE) are developed and implemented. This multilevel MoM allows the rapid evaluation of the current distributions on a variety of 2-D scatterers with thousands of unknowns in fewer than ten cycles and in fractions of the normal CPU times. The method is stable, fast, suitable for multiple excitations, and adaptable as a `solve' module for almost any MoM code     

基于矩量法的手机天线辐射的研究

基于矩量法,分析了三维各向同性介质的散射问题。并以此为基础,研究了反映各向同性介质在电磁场下热效应的参数-比吸收率（SAR）。针对实际手机使用中的辐射问题,给出了一个简单模型下的SAR数值仿真结果,并与IEEE标准作了比较,提出了具体的安全距离建议。最后,比较了矩量法,时域有限差分法,有限元法在手机天线辐射研究中的优缺点。     

高斯粗糙面与临空目标复合电磁散身寸的KH-MOM解

提出了一种求解一维粗糙面与二维无限长临空目标复合电磁散射特性的新型混合算法。混合算法只需在粗糙面上进行一次积分运算,即可用基尔霍夫-亥姆霍兹方程(KH)描述电磁波经粗糙面后的散射情况,再用矩量法(MoM)分析目标的散射问题,通过KH与MoM的混合来体现粗糙面与目标之间的耦合作用。经与不同方法的对比,验证了混合方法的正确性,体现了混合方法较数值法在求解效率上的巨大优势。计算了粗糙面与临空目标的统计复合散射特性,分析了粗糙面的起伏参数、临空目标的形状以及粗糙面介质的电参数对复合散射特性的影响。     

Efficient Analysis of Phased Arrays of Microstrip Patches Using a Hybrid Generalized Forward Backward Method/Green's Function Technique With a DFT Based Acceleration Algorithm

A hybrid method based on the combination of generalized forward backward method (GFBM) and Green's function for the grounded dielectric slab together with the acceleration of the combination via a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based algorithm is developed for the efficient and accurate analysis of electromagnetic radiation/scattering from electrically large, irregularly contoured two-dimensional arrays consisting of finite number of probe-fed microstrip patches. In this method, unknown current coefficients corresponding to a single patch are first solved by a conventional Galerkin type hybrid method of moments (MoM)/Green's function technique that uses the grounded dielectric slab's Green's function. Because the current distribution on the microstrip patch can be expanded using an arbitrary number of subsectional basis functions, the patch can have any shape. The solution for the array currents is then found through GFBM, where it sweeps the current computation element by element. The computational complexity of this method, which is originally ( being the total number of unknowns) for each iteration, is reduced to using a DFT based acceleration algorithm making use of the fact that array elements are identical and the array is periodic. Numerical results in the form of array current distribution are given for various sized arrays of probe-fed microstrip patches with elliptical and/or circular boundaries, and are compared with the conventional MoM results to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method.     

单元可旋转的频率选择表面电磁散射特性分析

采用基于三角基函数的矩量法分析单元可旋转的周期性频率选择结构的散射特性,通过坐标变换推导单元旋转后矩量法的计算公式,通过计算研究单元旋转对周期性频率选择结构散射特性的影响。与传统的频率选择表面相比,提出的新型频率选择结构具有易于调节频率选择特性且易于实现的优点。