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淀粉基表面活性剂烷基糖苷的合成与应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
烷基糖苷是新一代非离子表面活性剂,它具有与其它表面活性剂配伍性好,对皮肤刺激性低,生物降解性好,毒性低等优点。以淀粉为主要原料合成烷基糖苷,不仅成本低,而且与石油化工原料比较,无污染,符合现代环境保护的要求。本文介绍了烷基糖苷的合成方法,主要性能和用途。 相似文献
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磺基甜菜碱分子结构中具有强酸根基团,是典型阴离子性和阳离子性极性集于一身季胺内盐型两性表面活性剂。磺基甜菜碱具有耐酸碱、钙皂分散性强、毒性低,化学稳定性好等优点;因而日益受到人们的重视,在日用化工及其它行业中的应用前景看好。本文主要介绍一种新型表面活性剂—双十四烷基双磺基甜菜碱的合成工艺条件。考察反应时间、温度等工艺条件对反应产物收率的影响。并通过红外光谱图验证了产物结构。通过优化工艺条件,在125℃反应16h甜菜碱的收率达到95.8%。 相似文献
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磺基咪唑啉甜菜碱表面活性剂的合成和性能 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以2-溴乙基磺酸钠为亲水基物料和烷基咪唑啉合成了磺基咪唑啉甜菜碱表面活性剂,讨论了该化合物在水中的结构,并对其水溶液的表面张力、起泡性能、临界胶束浓度进行了测试和分析。 相似文献
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纤维素基高分子表面活性剂的合成及性能表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以聚合度为280的纤维素为原料,通过两步反应,制备了纤维素基高分子表面活性剂纤维素棕榈酰酯硫酸钠,利用红外光谱、动态接触角测定仪、透射电镜和动态光散射等对产物的结构和性能进行了表征.结果表明,该纤维素两亲高分子的临界聚集含量为0.60%(质量分数),对应的表面张力为57 mN/m;当水溶液浓度在临界聚集含量附近时,即水溶液的质量分数由0.5%增大到1.0%,胶束的平均粒径由388.0 nm增大到549.7 nm,此时表面活性剂分子已不断聚集成胶束或胶团;此外该类表面活性剂还具有高分子特有的流变性. 相似文献
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蔡京荣 《中国洗涤用品工业》2011,(3):50-53
烷基糖苷具有诸多传统表面活性剂不可比拟的优点,被誉为世界级绿色表面活性剂的唯一品种。本文从物化性能、合成方法及其应用、国内外发展概况等几个方面对其进行全面的阐述,认为此类表面活性剂因其优良的表面活性和生物相容性,具有广阔的发展空间。 相似文献
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联结基团含羟基的季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂的合成及胶团化行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了一种联结基团为含羟基亚甲基链的季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂,即C12-3(OH)-C12.2Cl,用红外光谱、核磁共振及元素分析对它们的结构进行了鉴定,并对影响反应的因素进行了讨论,得出了合成C12-3(OH)-C12.2Cl的最佳条件为十二叔胺:十二叔胺盐酸盐:环氧氯丙烷摩尔比为2.0∶1.0∶1.0,以正丙醇为溶剂,在回流温度下反应3 h,产率可达94.5%以上;采用表面张力法、瞬态荧光法研究了C12-3(OH)-C12.2Cl在水溶液中的胶团化行为,发现C12-3(OH)-C12.2Cl的胶团生成能力远比其单体强,cmc值降低一个数量级,胶团聚集数随表面活性剂浓度增大而增大。 相似文献
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以长链烷基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷、浓盐酸一锅煮的方法合成了联结基团含羟基的季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂。较佳合成条件为:反应物最佳配比为n(叔胺):n(浓盐酸):n(环氧氯丙烷)=2.2:1.1:1.0,反应时先加长链叔胺和盐酸,使之充分反应后再加环氧氯丙烷,在乙醇中回流条件下反应16h,收率达93.5%。 相似文献
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以八氟戊醇、顺丁烯二酸酐和亚硫酸钠为原料,经过酯化、磺化步骤,合成了一种新型的阴离子表面活性剂—氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂,并对最佳工艺条件进行探索。结果表明合成马来酸单酯的最佳条件为:八氟戊醇与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1∶1.2;反应时间为4~5h;反应温度为85~90℃;催化剂用量为八氟戊醇的6%,产品的转化率为98.87%。合成氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐最佳工艺为:马来酸单酯与无水亚硫酸钠的配比为1∶1.2;反应时间为1~1.5h;反应温度为75~80℃,产品的转化率为98.70%。该表面活性剂的性能测试结果表明:其临界胶束浓度是5.9×10-3mol/L,表面张力是24.068mN/m。 相似文献
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Synthesis of an Alkyl Polyoxyethylene Ether Sulfonate Surfactant and Its Application in Surfactant Flooding 下载免费PDF全文
Wan‐Fen Pu Dai‐Jun Du Yan‐Li Tang Song Wang 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2018,21(5):687-697
Surfactant flooding as a potential enhanced oil‐recovery technology in a high‐temperature and high‐salinity oil reservoir after water flooding has attracted extensive attention. In this study, the synthesis of an alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate surfactant (C12EO7S) with dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium 2‐chloroethanesulfonate monohydrate, and its adaptability in surfactant flooding were investigated. The fundamental parameters of C12EO7S were obtained via surface tension measurement. And the ability to reduce oil–water interfacial tension (IFT), wettability alteration, emulsification, and adsorption was determined. The results illustrated that IFT could be reduced to 10?3 mN m?1 at high temperature and high salinity without additional additives, and C12EO7S exhibited benign wettability alternate ability, and emulsifying ability. Furthermore, the oil‐displacement experiments showed that C12EO7S solution could remarkably enhance oil recovery by 16.19% without adding any additives. 相似文献
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Fu Han Yun-yun Deng Peng-li Wang Jia Song Ya-wen Zhou Bao-cai Xu 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2013,16(2):155-159
The synthesis and structural analysis of glucosamide surfactants of the general formula CnH2n+1NH(CH2)2NHCO(CHOH)4CH2OH (n = 8, 10, 12) are described, and the surface activity properties of the surfactants are studied. N‐alkylethylenediamines were synthesized by the alkylation of the ethylenediamine with alkyl bromide. The glucosamide surfactants, N‐alkyl‐N′‐glucosylethylenediamine (CnGA), were prepared by amidation of the precursor diamine with d ‐gluconic acid δ‐lactone. They were structurally characterized by IR, 1H NMR and MS. They reduced the surface tension of water to approximately 26–27 mN m?1 at concentration levels of (0.5–1.6) × 10?3 mol L?1. 相似文献
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氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以八氟戊醇、顺丁烯二酸酐和亚硫酸钠为原料,经过酯化、磺化步骤,合成了一种新型的阴离子表面活性剂-氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂,并对最佳工艺条件进行探索。结果表明合成马来酸单酯的最佳条件为:八氟戊醇与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1:1.2;反应时间为4~5h;反应温度为85℃~90℃;催化剂用量为八氟戊醇的6%,产品的转化率为98.87%。合成氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐最佳工艺为:马来酸单酯与无水亚硫酸钠的配比为1:1.2;反应时间为1~1.5h;反应温度为75~80℃,产品的转化率为98.70%。该表面活性剂的性能测试结果表明,其临界胶团浓度是5.9×10-3mol/L,表面张力是24.068mN/m。 相似文献
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氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以八氟戊醇、顺丁烯二酸酐和亚硫酸钠为原料,经过酯化、磺化步骤,合成了一种新型的阴离子表面活性剂——氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐表面活性剂,并对最佳工艺条件进行探索。结果表明合成马来酸单酯的最佳条件为:八氟戊醇与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1:1.2;反应时间为4~5h;反应温度为85~90℃;催化剂用量为八氟戊醇的6%,产品的转化率为98-87%。合成氟碳烷基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐最佳工艺为:马来酸单酯与无水亚硫酸钠的配比为1:1.2;反应时间为卜1.5h;反应温度为75—80℃,产品的转化率为98.70%。该表面活性剂的性能测试结果表明,其临界胶团浓度是5.9×10^-3mol/L,表面张力是24.068mN/m。 相似文献
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Insights into the Optimization of Alkyl Phenol/Alkyl Halide Ratio in Gemini Surfactant Synthesis 下载免费PDF全文
LiJuan Guo YongJun Guo RuSen Feng JianXin Liu 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2015,18(6):1059-1065
1H NMR and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were applied to analyze the component of two series of synthesized sulfonated Gemini surfactants with different spacer lengths (2, 4, and 6 carbons) and hydrophobic chain lengths (9, 12 carbons). Gemini surfactants were prepared by reacting alkylphenol with alkyl halide followed by sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid. The influence of the molar ratio of alkyphenol to alkyl halide on the mono‐ to diether ratio was investigated and the results indicated that the molar ratio is a key factor to minimize impurities in the target material, due to the high reactivity of alkyl halide. In addition, the results showed that alkyl halide with a shorter spacer group length required a higher molar ratio of alkyl halide to alkylphenol. To synthesize the intermediate Gemini product with 80 % diether content, the molar ratios were optimized using n(alkylphenol):n(1,6‐dibromohexane) = 1:0.55, n(alkylphenol):n(1,4‐dibromobutane) = 1:0.7, and n(alkylphenol):n(1,2‐dibromoethane) = 1:2.5, respectively. 相似文献