马来酸酐-苯乙烯熔融接枝POE的研究

以过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂,在双螺杆挤出机上实现了苯乙烯（st）协效马来酸酐（MAH）熔融接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）;采用正交实验设计重点考察MAH、MAH/DCP及st/MAH含量对接枝率Gd（%）的影响。结果表明：MAH含量对Gd（%）的影响最为显著,其次是MAH/DCP,st/MAH的影响最小;MAH...     

溶液法制备POE-g-MAH及其影响因素

采用溶液接枝法,以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,马来酸酐(MAH)为单体,制备了POE-g-MAH。通过红外光谱确定了接枝物的结构,采用酸碱滴定法测定了产物的接枝率,详细研究了POE、MAH、DCP用量及反应温度等对接枝率的影响规律。结果表明,当POE∶MAH∶DCP为13∶6∶1、反应温度为150℃、反应时间5h时接枝率达到最大值9.5%。     

POE熔融挤出接枝MAH的研究

采用熔融法制备POE接枝MAH,利用红外光谱对其结构进行表征。考察了MAH和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）对接枝率及熔融指数的影响。结果表明：MAH用量增加,接枝率逐渐增大,熔体流动速率逐渐下降;随着引发剂用量的增加,接枝率也随之增加,熔体流动速率却显著下降。同时对POE接枝MAH的机理进行了探讨。     

EPDM与马来酸酐的反应挤出接枝

用同向双螺杆挤出机,对三元乙丙共聚物（EPDM）进行熔融接枝马来酸酐（MAH）,考察了单体、引发剂（DCP）用量和加工条件对接枝率的影响。结果表明,在EPDM接枝MAH的反应中,随着DCP用量的增加,接枝率增大,随着MAH用量的增加,接枝率趋于一个平衡值,较佳的实验配方为EPDM：MAH：DCP=100：1：0.03。     

聚丙烯熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐的研究

研究了通过双螺杆挤出机聚丙烯熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐制马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP—g—MAH）的工艺，包括单体马来酸酐（MAH）、引发剂DCP的用量及熔融反应温度和时间对聚丙烯（PP）熔融接枝MAH的接枝率的影响。结果表明：DCP、MAH的用量对PP—g—MAH接枝率影响比较明显，其最佳配比为DCP0．15份、MAH2份；最佳工艺条件为挤出螺杆转速40r／min，反应温度195-200℃。     

POE熔融挤出接枝MAH的研究

采用熔融法制备POE接枝MAH，利用红外光谱对其结构进行表征。考察了MAH和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量对接枝率及熔融指数的影响。实验结果表明，MAH用量增加，接枝率逐渐增大，熔体流动速率逐渐下降；随着引发剂用量的增加，接枝率也随之增加，熔体流动速率却显著下降。同时对POE接枝MAH的机理进行了探讨。     

马来酸酐接枝乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物的研究

以过氧化物为引发剂、马来酸酐（MAH）为单体,采用溶液法对乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）进行接枝改性,并用傅立叶红外光谱技术对接枝物（EBA—g—MAH）进行了表征。系统考察了引发剂种类及用量、反应温度、反应时间、单体用量等因素对接枝率及熔体流动速率的影响。实验结果显示,EBA接枝MAH的优化反应条件是：原料配比为m（EBA）：m（MAH）：m（BPO）=100：2：0．28,反应时间为4h,反应温度为90℃,接枝率可达0．78％。随着反应温度的升高,接枝物的熔体流动速率急剧下降。不同的过氧化物引发剂对接枝反应的影响明显不同,与过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）相比,选择过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）为引发剂,接枝效果较好,同时所得接枝物的MFR值适中。     

马来酸酐接枝POE改性SAN树脂的制备与性能研究

利用熔融接枝法制备了马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH），探讨了过氧化异丙苯（DCP）和马来酸酐（MAH）用量对POE—g—MAH接枝率的影响，得出了最佳的DCP和MAH用量分别为0．10份和2．0份。将不同接枝率的POE—g—MAtt与丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物（SAN树脂）共混，发现POE—g—MAH的接枝率越高，对POE—g-MAH／SAN体系的缺口冲击强度的提高越显著。     

POE溶融挤出接枝MAH的研究

采用熔融法制备POE接枝MAH,利用红外光谱对其结构进行表征。考察了MAH和过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)用量对接枝率及熔融指数的影响。实验结果表明,MAH用量增加,接枝率逐渐增大,熔体流动速率逐渐下降;随着引发剂用量的增加,接枝率也随之增加,熔体流动速率却显著下降。同时对POE接枝MAH的机理进行了探讨。     

马来酸酐接枝乙烯—1—辛烯共聚物的研究

采用熔融法制备了马来酸酊（MAH）接枝乙烯－1－辛烯共聚物（POE），讨论了引发剂用量，MAH用量，阻交联剂，接枝反应温度，反应时间对接枝率和凝胶率的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。