无损检测技术在稻米品质检测中的应用及展望

稻米作为世界上主要的粮食作物,在生活水平不断提高的今天,稻米的品质成为民众关心的重点。为了保证稻米品质,有必要寻找或开发更为快速和无损的检测方法。稻米无损检测技术是建立稻米质量和稻米安全有效监控体系的关键技术。综述了我国近年来稻米品质无损检测技术的研究现状与应用。从近红外光谱技术、电子鼻技术及计算机视觉检测技术在稻米的碾米品质、外观品质、营养品质、蒸煮品质、食味品质5个方面的应用阐述了稻米品质无损检测技术的研究进展及存在问题,并对稻米品质检测技术的发展作出了展望。     

小龙虾加工和流通过程中的食品安全与品质控制技术研究进展

小龙虾的加工和贮运流通是小龙虾全产业链中的重要环节之一,小龙虾质量安全与品质控制关系到百姓食品安全保障、风味和营养需求以及企业经济效益等,需要重点关注。本文根据原料及加工工艺、风味、贮运、消费要求及售卖产品特点不同,重点对小龙虾生鲜产品、半成品冻品、成品冻品和即食小龙虾在加工和流通过程中的食品安全与品质控制技术研究现状进行综述,并对小龙虾加工和流通过程中的风险分析、质量控制与标准化、信息化和智能化研究与实践应用情况进行总结,对未来发展趋势进行初步展望,旨在为促进小龙虾产业健康发展提供参考。     

稻米食品质量安全状态预警模型的研究

对稻米质量安全检测的结果采用改进型层次分析法建立稻米食品安全监测预警模型.模型采用3标度法构建判断矩阵可较为简单计算确定质量安全预警指标的权重,判断食品安全状态,应用国家无公害稻米质量标准和指标可建立稻米的安全状态预警模型,用于稻米安全状态的预测预警,为建立其他食品安全状态预警模型研究提供参考,也可为食品质量安全监管部门进行食品监测与综合评价、科学监管提供参考.     

稻米食味品质影响因素研究进展

随着生活质量与消费水平的提高,消费者稻米消费观念已从“吃得好”转变为“吃得健康”,对稻米食味品质和营养品质提出更高要求。稻米食味品质是衡量稻米品质的重要指标,受多种因素的影响。稻米中各营养组分的含量、结构、相互作用及其呈现的理化性质是导致稻米食味品质差异的主要原因,此外,不同蒸煮方法下采用不同的米水比、蒸煮压力、蒸煮温度亦使稻米呈现出不同食味品质,显著影响着稻米可接受度。稻米食味品质虽与加工精度呈正比,但过度加工可导致稻米营养成分大量流失及人体糖分摄入过高,故平衡稻米食味品质与营养品质的适度加工技术成为了当前研究的重要方向。本文总结了稻米的营养组分、理化性质、蒸煮方法及加工精度等因素对稻米食味品质的影响规律,概述了未来稻米食味品质的研究与发展方向,为稻米食味品质的改善和稻米品种的改良提供了理论参考。     

“食品绿色加工”专题征稿

<正>营养与健康的概念随着人们生活水平的提高越发受到消费者的重视,消费者在关注食品的感官与风味的同时更加注重食品的营养和安全,结合人们逐渐增强的环保意识,在食品的加工过程中,在保证食品的功能、质量、成本的同时,综合考虑环境影响、食品安全和资源利用效率的现代加工模式成为了研究热点。     

农药对农产品营养和风味的影响

农药对防控农作物病虫草害、促进农产品高产贡献巨大,然而其大量使用常导致农产品农药残留、环境污染,同时还对农产品营养品质及风味造成影响,如改变农产品营养成分,导致农产品产生异味等变化等,应当引起重视。本文综述了农药对农产品营养物质及风味的影响及机制探究,以期为农产品安全及质量品质保障提供理论参考,为农药科学使用提供合理建议。开展农药对农产品营养品质及风味评价及作用机制研究,改善和提升农产品品质和营养水平,将是该领域未来研究的方向。     

稻米中矿物质元素的检测及其在产地溯源中的应用研究进展

稻米是我国的主要粮食之一,稻米的安全和品质越来越受到人们的关注。稻米中的矿物质元素特征不但关系到稻米的消费安全、同时也和稻米的品质密切相关。稻米中的矿物质元素特征和稻米的品质受到某些地理因素包括气候和土壤等的影响,因此各地的稻米具有不同的矿物质元素特征和地理标志特色。所以,稻米中矿物质元素的分析检测以及其特征分析对于稻米的品质和产地溯源具有重要意义。近十多年来,有关稻米中矿物质元素的分析检测以及基于矿物质元素特征的稻米产地溯源技术得到越来越多的关注,在方法学上取得了显著的进步。本文主要针对近十多年来有关稻米粮食中主要矿物质元素的分析检测方法和基于矿物质元素的产地溯源方法的研究进展进行了概述,以期为食品检测机构或食品安全研究或评估人员提供方法学上的参考。     

“食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展”专题征稿函

正随着人们生活水平的提升,消费者对食品的质量与安全性的要求也越来越高,今天的消费者不仅要求食品新鲜,而且要求食品保持原有的天然风味和营养结构,因此如何再延长食品贮藏期的同时,保持食品原有风味营养,已成为人们研究的重点。鉴于此,本刊特别策划了"食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展"专题,由《食品安全质量检测学报》副主编、     

“食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展”专题征稿函

正随着人们生活水平的提升,消费者对食品的质量与安全性的要求也越来越高,今天的消费者不仅要求食品新鲜,而且要求食品保持原有的天然风味和营养结构,因此如何再延长食品贮藏期的同时,保持食品原有风味营养,已成为人们研究的重点。鉴于此,本刊特别策划了"食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展"专题,由《食品安全质量检测学报》副主编、     

“食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展”专题征稿函

正随着人们生活水平的提升,消费者对食品的质量与安全性的要求也越来越高,今天的消费者不仅要求食品新鲜,而且要求食品保持原有的天然风味和营养结构,因此如何再延长食品贮藏期的同时,保持食品原有风味营养,已成为人们研究的重点。鉴于此,本刊特别策划了"食品贮藏与保鲜研究与应用进展"专题,由《食品安全质量检测学报》副主编、     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the