C/SiC复合材料用莫来石/硅酸钇双层涂层的抗氧化性能研究

针对C/SiC复合材料的防氧化要求,在材料表面通过等离子喷涂法制备了莫来石/硅酸钇的双层涂层,对涂层的形貌、组成和结构及其与基底的结合强度进行了表征,开展了1500℃、1h静态空气氧化实验,对抗氧化涂层的结构演变进行了分析,并对C/SiC复合材料氧化实验前后的质量和力学性能变化进行了研究。结果表明,莫来石/硅酸钇双层涂层抗氧化作用较好,涂层C/SiC复合材料的强度保留率达95.3%。     

Effect of C/SiC Volume Ratios on Mechanical and Oxidation Behaviors of Cf/C-SiC Composites Fabricated by Chemical Vapor Infiltration Technique

C/SiC volume ratios in carbon fiber-reinforced carbon-silicon carbide (C_f/C-SiC) composites may influence greatly mechanical and oxidation properties of the composites, but have not been well investigated yet. Herein, C_f/C-SiC composites with different C/SiC volume ratios were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) technique through alternating the thickness of a pyrocarbon (PyC) interlayer. The composites with C/SiC volume ratios of 0.37 and 0.84 exhibited the better comprehensive mechanical properties. The CS0.37 showed the highest flexural strength of 340.6 MPa, and CS0.84 had the maximum tensile strength of 139.1 MPa. The excellent mechanical properties were closely related to the relatively low C/SiC volume ratios and porosities, optimum interfacial bonding and reduced matrix micro-cracks. The composite with a low C/SiC volume ratio of 0.10 showed the best anti-oxidation performance due to its high SiC content. The oxidation mechanisms at 1100 °C and 1400 °C were discussed by considering the effect of the C/SiC volume ratios, pores and matrix micro-cracks, oxidation of carbon phase and SiC.     

Effect of Steam Activation on Development of Light Weight Biomorphic Porous SiC from Pine Wood Precursor

Biomorphic SiC materials with tailor-made microstructure and properties similar to ceramic materials manufactured by conventional method are a new class of materials derived from natural biopolymeric cellulose templates (wood). Porous silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics with wood-like microstructure have been prepared by carbothermal reduction of charcoal/silica composites at 1300-1600 °C in inert Ar atmosphere. The C/SiO₂ composites were fabricated by infiltrating silica sol into porous activated biocarbon template. Silica in the charcoal/silica composite, preferentially in the cellular pores, was found to get transformed in forms of fibers and rods due to shrinkage during drying. The changes in the morphology of resulting porous SiC ceramics after heat treatment to 1600 °C, as well as the conversion mechanism of wood to activated carbon and then to porous SiC ceramic have been investigated using scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Activation of carbon prior to silica infiltration has been found to enhance conversion of charcoal to SiC. The pore structure is found to be uniform in these materials than in those made from as-such charcoal/silica composites. This provides a low-cost and eco-friendly route to advanced ceramic materials, with near-net shape potential.     

Thermal Shock Properties of a 2D-C/SiC Composite Prepared by Chemical Vapor Infiltration

The thermal shock properties of a two-dimensional carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composite with a multilayered self-healing coating (2D-C/SiC) were investigated in air. The composite was prepared by low-pressure chemical vapor infiltration. 2D-C/SiC specimens were thermally shocked for different cycles between 900 and 300 °C. The thermal shock resistance was characterized by residual tensile properties and mass variation. The change of the surface morphology and microstructural evolution of the composite were examined by a scanning electron microscope. In addition, the phase evolution on the surfaces was identified using an X-ray diffractometer. It is found that the composite retains its tensile strength within 20 thermal shock cycles. However, the modulus of 2D-C/SiC decreases gradually with increasing thermal shock cycles. Extensive pullout of fibers on the fractured surface and peeling off of the coating suggest that the damage caused by the thermal shock involves weakening of the bonding strength of coating/composite and fiber/matrix. In addition, the carbon fibers in the near-surface zone were oxidized through the matrix cracks, and the fiber/matrix interfaces delaminated when the composite was subjected to a larger number of thermal shock cycles.     

The Effect of TaC Reinforcement on the Oxidation Resistance of CNTs/SiC CMCs

This study focuses on a two-stage spark plasma sintering (SPS) of TaC and/or carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). The oxidation mechanism of SiC-based CMCs with CNTs reinforcement as well as the TaC additives effect on the thermal oxidation resistance of the SiC-CNTs-TaC systems are investigated. The oxidation behavior up to 1500 °C is characterized in terms of mass changes, oxide layer formation, and thickness. The results showed that more disorder occurred in the CNT network with increased oxidation temperature. TaC additives exhibited an enhanced protective effect in increasing the oxidation temperature of CNTs from 460 to 550 °C, and this protective effect was effective at 1200 °C achieved by the crystalized Ta₂O₅ which grew with a preferred orientation giving rise to the phase separation in the glassy protective layer. Degraded oxidation resistance was found at 1500 °C.     

Cf/SiC复合材料的氧化及抗氧化技术研究进展

连续碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料（C_f/SiC）因其具有高比强、高比模、耐磨损、良好热稳定性以及耐高温等突出性能,成为航空、航天、高性能武器装备等高尖端领域极具潜力的热结构材料。但高温氧化是其工程应用上的弱点,会造成C_f/SiC复合材料性能的下降,直接影响到材料的使用寿命和安全性。分析C_f/SiC复合材料的氧化影响因素,从界面相、基体和表面涂层3个方面综述C_f/SiC复合材料高温抗氧化技术的研究进展,结果表明:不同的温度区间内C_f/SiC复合材料的氧化行为不同,而界面改性、涂层抗氧化和基体改性相结合是实现材料抗氧化的关键。     

电子封装用Al/Si/SiC复合材料的显微组织与性能(英文)

采用气压浸渗法制备中体积分数电子封装用 Al/Si/SiC 复合材料。在保证加工性能的前提下,用与 Si 颗粒相同尺寸(13 μm)的 SiC 替代相同体积分数的硅颗粒制得复合材料,并研究其显微组织与性能。结果显示,颗粒分布均匀,未发现明显的孔洞。随着 SiC 的加入,强度和热导率将得到明显提高,但热膨胀系数变化较小,对使用影响也不大。讨论几种用于预测材料热学性能的模型。新的当量有效热导被引入后,H-J 模型将适用于混杂和多颗粒尺寸分布的情况。     

碳界面层制备工艺对SiC_f/SiC材料力学性能的影响

用低压化学气相沉积(LPCVD)法,以丙烯(C_3H_6)为碳源,氮气(N_2)为稀释气制备了2.5维连续碳化硅纤维增韧碳化硅(SiC_f/SiC)复合材料的碳界面层,其厚度为～0.1 mm.研究了不同丙烯含量(体积分数,下同)(60%,50%,45%)对碳层形貌、微观结构及SiC_f/SiC力学性能的影响.结果表明:当C_3H_6含量为60%时,热解碳层表面光滑,石磨化度高;当C_3H_6为50%和45%时,碳层粗糙,有很多较大颗粒存在,石磨化度低.3种复合材料的弯曲强度差别不大,分别为303,311和320 MPa.然而,当C_3H_6含量为60%时,材料韧性断裂,断裂功高;为50%和45%时,材料脆性断裂,断裂功低.不同的纤维拔出滑移阻力是SiC_f/SiC断裂行为不同的原因.     

Comparison of morphology and microstructure of ablation centre of C/SiC composites by oxy-acetylene torch at 2900 and 3550 °C

High-temperature application above 1600 °C of C/SiC composites requires evaluation of the ablation properties. The C/SiC composites were prepared by low pressure chemical vapor infiltration using CH₃SiCl₃ as precursor. As-prepared C/SiC composites were ablated by oxy-acetylene flame with the temperature of 2900 and 3550 °C. Above 3550 °C, subliming of carbon fiber and silicon carbide matrix was the main ablation behaviour. At 2900 °C, thermal decomposition and oxidation of SiC matrix were the main ablation behaviour. A carbon coating resulted from the pyrolysis of the acetylene prevented the C/SiC from oxidizing dramatically.     

SiC纤维表面去碳处理对PIP-SiCf/SiC复合材料力学性能以及界面影响

采用强度测试、SEM、HRTEM等分析测试手段对纤维表面去碳前后SiC纤维强度、复合材料力学性能、纤维表面形貌、复合材料断口形貌以及复合材料界面特征进行分析表征.结果表明,去碳处理后,纤维表面的固有缺陷暴露出来,纤维强度下降约15%,但由其制备的复合材料强度下降只有原纤维制备复合材料的1/6;复合材料断口非常平整,纤维...     

多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料动态压缩性能研究

通过压力-浸渗法制备多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料。利用分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)、S-4800场发射扫描电镜等测试分析手段,探究复合材料制备保温时间和多孔碳化硅性能对多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料动态压缩性能的影响,并揭示了其变形机制。结果表明:保温时间和多孔碳化硅性能对多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料的动态抗压强度都有较大影响,当多孔碳化硅孔隙率为23.77%,平均孔径尺寸为26.72μm时,在复合材料制备浸渗温度为860℃,浸渗后保温6.0 min时,复合材料具有最高的动态抗压强度,为1757 MPa。多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料动态压缩断裂为脆性断裂,断口微观形貌特征包括SiC陶瓷相上形成具有不同特征的解理台阶,Zr基非晶合金相形成不同形态的脉状花样,非晶相保持相对完整。Zr基非晶合金相能有效阻碍裂纹的扩展,导致非晶相周围的碳化硅碎裂并挤压非晶相整体运动,从而提高了多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料动态抗压强度。     

SiC泡沫陶瓷增强ZL205A铝合金复合材料的制备与性能研究

本实验通过挤压浸渗工艺成功制备了SiC泡沫陶瓷增强ZL205A铝合金复合材料,并研究了不同孔隙率的泡沫陶瓷增强相对复合材料性能的影响。通过微观结构分析,制备的复合材料两相间结合紧密,没有裂纹及其他缺陷产生。多孔陶瓷作为增强相可以有效地细化ZL205A合金的晶粒,多孔陶瓷孔隙率的降低,孔结构越小,合金晶粒越细小。对制备的复合材料进行力学性能测试,复合材料的硬度和抗弯强度最高能够达到127.6HV和415MPa。对制备的复合材料进行摩擦磨损测试,结果表明,连续陶瓷相的存在将铝基体严重的粘着磨损和剥落磨损转变为较轻的磨粒磨损,极大提升了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,为其用于耐磨领域提供了理论依据。     

纳米SiC颗粒增强反应烧结碳化硼复合材料的研究

采用真空熔渗法,通过对B4C-C素坯于1550 ℃渗Si,得到了较致密的反应结合碳化硼陶瓷复合材料。通过生成SiC纳米颗粒对材料进行强化,并探讨了纳米SiC颗粒对材料组织与性能的影响及其强韧化机理。实验表明,材料包括B4C、Si、SiC和B12(C,Si,B)3四相。结果表明,选取酚醛树脂作为外加碳源,可在材料中成功引入细小的SiC纳米颗粒,使复合材料的抗折强度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度较以炭黑为外加碳源的材料,分别增加了35 %、36 %和15 %,分别高达442 MPa、4.9 MPa?m1/2和23 GPa。     

Effect of SiC particle size on flexural strength of porous self-bonded SiC ceramics

Porous self-bonded silicon carbide (SBSC) ceramics were fabricated from SiC powders with various particle sizes (0.7 μm, 25 μm, 50 μm, 65 μm), plus Si, C and boron (as a sintering additive). The effects of submicron (0.7 μm) SiC particle incorporation into the SBSC and the SiC particle size (25 μm, 50 μm, 65 μm) on the flexural strength and porosity of the ceramics were investigated as a function of sintering temperature. Incorporating 0.7 μm SiC particles into the ceramic material containing 25 μm SiC particles increased the flexural strength by 3 times, from 11.7 MPa up to 35.5 MPa after sintering at 1800 °C. Simultaneously, the porosity was reduced by ∼5 %. Furthermore, the flexural strength of ceramic with 25 μm SiC particles was superior to that with 65 μm SiC particles. Generally, the flexural strength of the SBSC increased as, both, a function of submicron SiC particle incorporation along with relatively small micron-sized particles (25 μm) in the microstructure of the ceramic plus increased sintering temperature.     

无压浸渗法制备SiC/Al复合材料的抗弯强度研究

通过无压浸渗法制备了SiC/Al复合材料,分析了颗粒大小、颗粒级配、淀粉含量等因素对复合材料抗弯强度的影响.结果表明:随着淀粉含量增加和SiC颗粒尺寸的减小,浸渗后形成的复合材料抗弯强度增大.通过颗粒级配方法制备的SiC/Al复合材料的抗弯强度比大颗粒的强度高,比小颗粒的低.     

聚合物先驱体组分对SiC/SiBCN复合材料性能的影响

以SiC纤维为增强相,SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体为浸渍剂,采用聚合物先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备了SiC/SiBCN复合材料。采用SEM和力学性能测试对SiC/SiBCN复合材料氧化前后组分、形貌及力学行为进行了分析。试验表明,随着SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体中聚硼氮烷(PBN)含量的增加,先驱体陶瓷产率先增加后降低,SiC/SiBCN复合材料1000℃/20 h氧化后的弯曲强度保留率亦先增加后降低。这主要归因于SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体中PBN含量的增加有利于先驱体分子交联程度增加,更容易形成稳定的三维网络结构。此外,材料孔隙率以及SiBCN复相陶瓷的氧化行为也成为影响SiC/SiBCN复合材料氧化稳定性的重要因素。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D fine-woven punctured C/C composites with PyC/SiC/TaC interphases

The 3D fine-woven punctured C/C-(P_yC/SiC/TaC) composites, composed of P_yC/SiC/TaC interphases and pyrocarbon (PyC) matrix, were synthesized by isothermal chemical vapor infiltration (ICVI) methods. The alternating layers and the structure of these composites were examined by polarized light microscopy (PLM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the P_yC matrix has rough laminar (RL) structure, the TaC layer has NaCl-type cubic structure, and the SiC layer has few wurtzite type 10H-SiC besides β-SiC structure. The effects of fiber coating and the bulk density on the tensile and flexural properties of composites along X or Y and Z direction were investigated. It is shown that fiber coated 3D woven punctured C/C composites have good tensile and flexural strength, and the maximum of flexural strength is 375 MPa in X or Y direction at density of 1.89 g/cm³, which is about three times higher than that of samples without TaC/SiC fiber coating. The flexural strength and bending strength increase with increasing the density of the composites. The analysis of fracture surfaces reveals that fibers and fiber bundles are pulled out in composites, indicating that the composite exhibits a non-linear failure behavior through propagation and deflection of the cracks.     

SiCf/SiC复合材料原位分析研究进展

原位观测方法能实时、动态、连续地观测SiC_f/SiC复合材料的损伤演变过程,对研究SiC_f/SiC复合材料在服役环境下的安全运行具有重要的学术价值和工程意义。本文介绍了SEM原位观测、X-CT原位观测、TEM原位观测方法的原理及在研究SiC_f/SiC复合材料损伤演变方面的优势、局限性及制样方法,综述了近年来国内外采用SEM、X-CT及TEM 3种原位观测方法分析SiC_f/SiC复合材料微裂纹的萌生、扩展过程及微观结构对于不同外部激励信号的动态响应过程的研究工作。最后指出X-CT原位分析技术研究SiC_f/SiC复合材料的动态损伤是未来的主要发展方向。     

PIP工艺制备2D C/SiC复合材料Z-向穿刺工艺

针对2D C/SiC复合材料存在碳布层间缺乏纤维增强,层间结合较差的问题,提出通过Z-向穿刺工艺提高碳布层间结合,克服材料使用时可靠性不高的问题,并比较了穿刺工艺对复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明,通过Z-向穿刺工艺制得试样2D C/SiC-Z_(pin)的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和剪切强度分别为247.8 MPa、37.8 GPa和32.1 MPa,而未穿刺试样2D C/SiC的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和剪切强度分别只有219.3 MPa、34.4 GPa和23.3 MPa,由此可见,采用Z-向穿刺工艺能明显提高复合材料的力学性能.微观结构分析认为,试样力学性能提高的根本原因在于采用Z-向穿刺纤维加强了碳布层间结合,使材料具有较好的整体性,克服了复合材料层间结合较弱对力学性能带来的不利影响.     

多孔体制备工艺对C/C-SiC复合材料弯曲性能的影响

以针刺整体炭毡为坯体,采用CVD和树脂浸渍／炭化混合法增密制备了4种C／C多孔体,然后熔硅浸渗C／C多孔体制备了C／C-SiC复合材料;研究了不同炭涂层、高温热处理对C／C-SiC复合材料弯曲强度和断裂方式的影响。结果表明：热解炭涂层可减少制备过程中炭纤维的损伤,具有适中的界面结合强度,使复合材料的弯曲强度达到161．5MPa,表现出良好的“假塑性”;适当选择高温热处理工艺可制备弯曲性能较高,具有一定“假塑性”的C／C-SiC复合材料。