Investigation of Al-based Alloys for Brazing SiC_p/Al Composites

The brazing of SiCp/Al composites is limited owing to the unavailability of suitable commercial intermediate temperature brazes. Adding a third constituent of copper to aluminum-silicon brazing alloy can depress the melting point sharply. While, it generates a large volume fraction of the hard Al2Cu intermetallic compounds (IMCs), which makes the alloy brittle and reduces its corrosion resistance. A quaternary addition of nickel that partly substitute for copper can refine grain size significantly, improve the mechanical properties, and without altering the melting range of aluminum-silicon-copper alloy. Al-Cu-Ni-Si braze alloy has been prepared and a fluxless process has been employed to braze SiCp/Al composites that leads to a good bonding strength of brazing joint.     

Non-Conventional Techniques for the Study of Phase Transitions in NiTi-Based Alloys

Differential scanning calorimetry and electrical resistance measurements are the two most common techniques for the study of the phase transition path and temperatures of shape memory alloys (SMA) in stress-free condition. Besides, it is well known that internal friction measurements are also useful for this purpose. There are indeed some further techniques which are seldom used for the basic characterization of SMA transition: dilatometric analysis, magnetic measurements, and Seebeck coefficient study. In this work, we discuss the attitude of these techniques for the study of NiTi-based phase transition. Measurements were conducted on several fully annealed Ni_50?x Ti₅₀Cu _x samples ranging from 3 to 10 at.% in Cu content, fully annealed at 850 °C for 1 h in vacuum and quenched in water at room temperature. Results show that all these techniques are sensitive to phase transition, and they provide significant information about the existence of intermediate phases.     

金首饰用无镉K金钎料的研究与发展

概述了金属镉在金首饰合金钎料中的作用和无镉K金钎料的合金化原理,给出了近年开发的9K~22K颜色和白色无镉K金合金钎料的成分和熔化温度范围,指出:在K金首饰应用领域,开发适合分级钎焊的高性能无镉K金钎料系列以及无镉K金钎料的标准化和商业化,依然是无镉K金钎料的发展方向。     

镍基钎料钎焊不锈钢的钎缝组织及工艺的研究

研究了常用镍基钎料BNi-2钎焊1Cr18Nj9Ti不锈钢的钎缝组织特征和相组成以及采用扩散热处理和加压钎焊工艺对钎缝组织的影响,钎缝宽度对接头性能的影响.研究结果表明,采用合适的扩散热处理和加压钎焊工艺可以有效的消除钎缝组织中的脆性化合物相,合适的钎缝宽度可以提高钎焊接头的物理性能.     

含钪铝锌镁合金铸锭和均匀化显微组织研究

采用金相显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电镜及其能谱仪研究了Al-5.4Zn-2.0Mg-0.3Mn-0.25Cu-0.1Zr和Al-5.4Zn-2.0Mg-0.3Mn-0.35Cu-0.1Zr-0.25Sc两种合金的铸态及均匀化态显微组织演变与成分分布.结果表明:铸态组织以典型的枝晶结构存在,由过饱和的α-Al固溶体和α-Al+η-MgZn2的非平衡共晶相组成;铸态合金在470℃保温24 h,非平衡共晶相消失,合金枝晶偏析消除.确定合金铸锭的理想均匀化工艺参数为470℃×24 h.     

Microstructure and High Damping Properties of Mg-Zn-Y Alloys Containing LPSO Phase and I Phase

研究了含有LPSO相和I相的高阻尼Mg-Zn-Y合金。通过光学显微镜(OP)和SEM电镜观察了高阻尼Mg80Y4Zn16 (at%)合金的显微组织。此外,差热分析(DTA)用来分析其相变。对不同固溶时间 (3, 6, 9 h) 的组织演变和阻尼特性进行了详细研究。结果表明, Mg80Y4Zn16合金相的主要成分是α-Mg, Mg12ZnY, Mg3Zn6Y及 Mg10ZnY2相,首次报道了该合金中I相和LPSO相共存。该合金的平均阻尼值是0.03,这表明其为高阻尼合金; 阻尼是应变振幅依赖型。对合金的高阻尼机制也进行了详细地讨论。     

银基钎料钎焊单层金刚石砂轮的试验

概述了单层高温钎焊超硬磨料砂轮的工艺优势,这种新型超硬磨料砂轮 以其卓越的磨削性能在今后逐步替代传统电镀砂轮应是一种无法抗拒的必然趋势,鉴于它极其广阔的应用前景,国内在推广应用超硬磨料砂轮时也必将大力开发此种单层钎焊砂轮。本文利用高频感应钎焊的方法中,用Ag-Cu合金和Cr粉共同作中间层材料,在一定的钎焊温度和时间下,实现了金钢石和钢基体间的牢固连接,经X射线能谱及X射线衍射分析发现Cr与金钢石之间形成Cr3C2。这是实现合金层与金钢石有较高结合强度的主要因素,最后通过磨削试验证实了金钢石确实有较高的把持强度。     

Microstructure and Selection of Grain Boundary Phase of Cu-Ni-Si Ternary Alloys

采用静平衡凝固技术制备了Cu含量为90wt%、不同Ni/Si原子比的Cu-Ni-Si合金,采用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对合金的显微组织和相组成进行了分析,利用差热分析（DSC）考察了合金熔体在冷却过程中的相转变行为。研究结果表明,Ni/Si原子比对Cu-Ni-Si合金显微组织的影响可归因为α-Cu晶粒内部析出的δ-Ni2Si相数量的变化和晶界相在Cu-Si和Ni-Si化合物之间的选择。δ-Ni2Si相数量的变化与初生α-Cu内部Ni、Si原子的浓度密切相关,而晶界相的相选择则是Cu-Si和Ni-Si金属间化合物相之间竞争的结果。随着Ni/Si原子比的增加,残余液相中Ni原子浓度增加增高,具有更负形成焓Ni-Si金属间化合物逐渐从竞争中胜出,导致晶界相从Cu-Si化合物向Ni-Si化合物的转变     

Microstructure and Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Fe-Cr System Alloys as Substitutes for Ni-Based Brazing Filler Metal

Two new Fe-Cr system alloys,Fe-20Cr-43Ni-10P(mass%)and Fe-20Cr-20Ni-8P-5Si-2Mo(mass%),have been developed as substitutes for the expensive Ni-based brazing filler metal used in brazing exhaust gas recirculation coolers.The microstructures and melting properties of the alloys were analyzed by electron probe X-ray microanalyzer and differential scanning calorimetry.The electrochemical characteristics of the alloys were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization testing in an electrolyte solution made in accordance with the standards of the Automobile Manufacturers Association of Germany.Furthermore,the corrosion behaviors of the alloys were investigated by constant-potential polarization testing and surface characterization.It is found that both alloys are composed of solid-solution phases and phosphide phases.The solid-solution phases serve as the anode,and the phosphide phases serve as the cathode in the corrosion reaction for both alloys.Fe-20Cr-43Ni-10 P exhibits galvanic corrosion on the entire surface.In contrast,Fe-20Cr-20Ni-8P-5Si-2Mo is attacked at a few localized areas so that the cavities form on the surface.The corrosion potential(E_(corr)) is lower than that of Ni-29Cr-6P-4Si(mass%)for both alloys.This means that the Fe-Cr system alloys are more easily corroded than Ni-29Cr-6P-4Si.The corrosion rate and corrosion resistance cannot be investigated by the corrosion current density(i_(corr)) and polarization resistance(R_p),respectively,because of localized corrosion of the two alloys.     

DSC Study on Phase Transitions and Their Correlation with Properties of Overaged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys

This article investigates the phase transitions of complex quaternary Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with Zr addition at overaged conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is employed to quantitatively analyze the phase transformation phenomena of a wide range of 7xxx series alloys through endothermic and exothermic reactions. The DSC observations detailing heat effect peaks and thermal parameters of ??? dissolution contain valuable information on the presence of equilibrium phases and the optimum alloying element contents. Based on DSC experimental data and phase diagrams, the balance of critical properties such as strength and electrical conductivity of Al-Zn-Cu-Mg 7xxx series alloys has been studied by considering the formation, dissolution, and incipient melting of S and T phase, dissolution of ??? phase as well as the formation of ?? phase. Nine Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys have been studied through microstructural examination and detailed DSC analysis. The correlation between the properties and the DSC data of the selected alloys has been analyzed.     

几种Mg-Zn-Y合金的热力学性能及组织研究

基于Miedema模型混合焓模型外推出4种不同成分的Mg-Zn-Y合金的部分热力学性能,利用实验获得相应成分的合金,并利用XRD及EDS进行物相分析及成分分析。结果表明,合金中各相的形成过程与理论计算结果一致,Zn与Y的生成焓最大,发生反应生成中间相的可能性最大。     

Ce与Ag-Cu-Zn系钎料合金中Pb或Bi反应的热力学分析

采用热力学研究方法 ,计算分析了稀土元素Ce与Ag -Cu -Zn系钎料合金中杂质元素Pb、Bi的活度系数与Ce、Pb、Bi浓度的关系。热力学计算表明 ,在以Ce、Pb或Bi为溶质 ,Ag、Cu或Zn为溶剂的金属熔体中 ,溶质元素的活度系数在Ce的某一浓度范围内出现“等活度系数”现象 ,此时溶质元素的活度系数与溶质元素的浓度无关 ,这一新的发现表明 ,热力学研究结果与金属学研究结果完全吻合。     

化学镀锡钎料钎焊黄铜的接头组织和力学性能

采用化学镀方法在BAg45CuZn钎料表面镀覆微米锡层,并用镀锡银钎料以火焰钎焊工艺连接H62黄铜。借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别分析锡化学镀层、H62黄铜钎焊接头的显微组织和物相,并利用万能拉伸机和SEM表征钎焊接头的抗拉强度和断口形貌。结果表明,锡化学镀层结晶晶粒呈现明显的(110)、(210)择优取向,化学镀锡银钎料连接的接头中母材与钎缝结合紧密,接头组织中富Cu相减少,出现Cu_5Zn_8化合物相。随着基体钎料表面镀锡含量升高,钎焊接头的抗拉强度呈现先升高后降低趋势。在化学镀锡含量为6.0%(质量分数)时,钎焊接头的抗拉强度为353MPa。镀锡前后钎焊接头的拉伸断口均呈现韧性断裂。     

Au-Pd-Zr合金的相图计算及实验验证

利用相图计算软件Pandat计算了Au-Pd-Zr合金的液相面投影图、室温(25℃)的等温截面图、xAu-xPd-Zr合金系的垂直截面图,同时选取了36Au-36Pd-28Zr(at%)合金,基于相图计算与实验验证相结合的方法,研究了该合金的相平衡以及凝固过程。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪对该合金的室温平衡相组成进行了验证。结果表明,相平衡热力学计算结果与实验结果比较吻合,36Au-36Pd-28Zr合金的凝固顺序为:L→L+Pd3Zr→L+Pd3Zr+ZrAu2→Pd3Zr+ZrAu2+ZrAu3。     

Experimental and Theoretical Determination of Phase Fraction in the Fe-B-V Alloys

In the present work the fraction of equilibrium phases in various Fe-B-V alloys was determined by various methods. Area fractions were determined from pictures of microstructures of alloys by means of software Gwyddion. Fractions were calculated also by lever rule from experimentally determined values. All experimentally determined fractions were compared with equilibrium fractions of phases calculated with software Thermo-Calc. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental values was found. The reason of the study was to verify the parameters for thermodynamics calculations for the Fe-B-V system Homolová et al. (J. Alloys Compd. 520:30-35, 2012).     

Pt-24Ir-RE合金的显微组织与性能研究

通过金相及电子显微镜技术，进行了力学和电学性能实验，研究了添加微量稀土元素La、Sm、Y对Pt-24Ir合金的组织结构与性能的影响。结果表明：稀土元素有效地细化了合金的显微组织结构，并以单质形式均匀析出和弥散分布在合金基体中，从而使合金的综合性能获得改善。     

Al-In难混溶合金的液相分离过程及显微组织数值模拟

建立了一个描述Al In难混溶合金冷却过程中液—液相变区微观组织演化过程的数学模型。该模型综合考虑了第二相液滴的形核、扩散长大、Brownian碰撞和运动碰撞的共同作用 ,并对模拟的结果进行了可视化动态模拟研究。以Al 3 0 %In合金为例进行模拟 ,结果表明 ,第二相在断面上的体积分数、粒子大小及分布与实验结果基本一致。这说明建立的模型对Al In难混溶合金具有一定实际预测功能。     

Effects of Zn Content on the Grain Growth Law of Ag-Cu-Zn Alloys

对不同Zn含量的Ag-Cu-Zn合金在不同温度、不同热处理时间的晶粒长大规律进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着保温时间的延长,晶粒逐渐长大。在相同保温时间下,Zn含量越高,晶粒长大越明显。随着Zn含量增加,晶粒长大指数n逐渐增大,晶粒长大的激活能Q逐渐降低。     

Zr对钐铁合金微结构和相组成的影响

研究了添加0．5at％和1．0at％Zr对钐铁合金微结构和相组成的影响。添加和不添加Zr的Sm-Fe合金相比，发现添加1．0at％Zr可以基本消除铸态组织中的α-Fe，并且能同时减少富钐相。多添加18at％Sm的Sm-Fe合金退火后，仍残留少量的α-Fe，而添加1．0at％Zr的Sm-Fe-Zr合金退火后主相Sm2Fe17以及α-Fe的量没有明显的变化，因此有可能避免过长的均匀化退火过程。