LaMgAl11O19热障涂层退火过程残余热应力分布及涂层热稳定性的数值模拟

目的 研究退火过程中La Mg Al₁₁O₁₉热障涂层内部残余热应力的分布情况及其对热障涂层热稳定性的影响机理。方法 基于等离子喷涂制备的La Mg Al₁₁O₁₉/YSZ双热障涂层物理模型,采用Abaqus建立数值仿真模型,通过温度位移耦合计算,系统分析不同退火温度下LaMgAl₁₁O₁₉热障涂层内部残余热应力的分布情况。通过扫描电镜,观察退火前后涂层表面及断面的微观组织形貌。根据数值模拟结果及涂层SEM图像,分析残余热应力对LaMgAl₁₁O₁₉热障涂层热稳定性的影响,探究引起涂层裂纹损伤失效的影响因素。结果 数值模拟结果显示,La Mg Al₁₁O₁₉热障涂层内部的残余热应力以径向应力为主,其值远大于轴向应力及剪切应力。退火中,径向残余热应力在径向距离0～2.4mm内缓慢增长到最大值,而在x=2.4mm至径向边缘范围内急剧降低。退火后,在涂层径向边缘位置出现应力集...     

ZrO2热障涂层残余应力分析

用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了等离子喷涂ZrO2涂层的显微结构,并用X射线衍射法(XRD)测试了ZrO2涂层相的组成和残余应力.同时测试了激光冲击处理和激光热处理后的ZrO2涂层残余应力分布,分析了热障涂层残余应力形成机理.结果表明,等离子喷涂ZrO2涂层表面残余应力均为拉应力,其均值为179.2MPa,经激光表面处理后的ZrO2涂层残余应力均表现为压应力;热应力对涂层残余应力贡献最大,当热应力超过涂层结合强度时,涂层脱落,通过控制涂层残余应力可以提高涂层界面结合强度.     

等离子喷涂梯度热障涂层的抗热震性能

对比研究了等离子喷涂梯度热障涂层与双层热障涂层,试验中梯度热障涂层选用不同比例的NiCoCrAlY与ZrO₂-8%Y₂O₃复合粉末作为梯度过渡层材料,并对两种结构的热障涂层进行了抗热震性能试验。抗热震试验结果表明,梯度热障涂层的抗热震寿命明显高于双层热障涂层的抗热震寿命。     

等离子喷涂热障涂层逐道沉积累积应力的模拟

运用ANSYS12. 0 软件,对等离子喷涂热障涂层逐道沉积过程中的累积应力进行了有限元模拟。结果表明,涂层制备过程中,已喷涂层的温度随喷枪移动呈周期性大幅波动,这种快速热冲击使得涂层中产生了相应的应力波动。涂层喷涂结束并冷却至室温后,边缘存在应力集中,陶瓷层与粘结层的界面边缘处最大切向拉应力为122 MPa。涂层各界面中部应力值呈波浪状周期性浮动,X 方向应力是主要的应力形式。     

超音速火焰喷涂MCrAlY粘结层对热障涂层热震性能的影响

分别采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(HVOF)和等离子喷涂技术(APS)在高温合金GH99上制备MCrAIY粘结层(BC),对比研究了HVOF和APS喷涂BC对热障涂层(TBC)热震性能的影响.结果表明:APS喷涂BC界面不平整,起伏较大,而HVOF喷涂BC界面较为平整.经200次热循环后,APS喷涂TBC部分陶瓷层(TC)出现剥落,而HVOF喷涂TBC仅出现细小的微裂纹,生成的热生长氧化物(TGO)比较厚.APS喷涂TBC经过350次热循环后,涂层出现大面积剥离现象.而HVOF热障涂层直到热震430次后,才出现涂层剥落现象.拉曼光谱(RFS)残余应力分析表明,HVOF热障涂层残余应力随热循环次数的增加而增大,热震350次后APS热障涂层残余应力为650MPa,而HVOF热障涂层热震400次后其应力值仅为571 MPa.可知,HVOF显著地提高了TBC的热震性能.     

基于ANSYS生死单元法的多层等离子喷涂体系仿真

根据等离子喷涂的特点,采用ANSYS有限元软件中的单元生死法,建立多层等离子喷涂涂层体系直接热力耦合有限元模型。对等离子喷涂Ni/WC涂层每一层的温度场和应力场进行了分析。结果表明:随着沉积层的增多,涂层温度升高,至喷涂最外层时温度最高,可能会造成涂层表面烧损;喷涂端面热量积累多,对减小残余应力不利;涂层与基体结合面多次反复经历迅速升温降温,容易造成应力集中。基体与涂层的结合界面是残余应力高度集中区,其残余应力值大于涂层外表面的值;残应余力的最大值是径向拉伸应力;较低的冷却速率和冷却系数可减少残余应力的分布。     

基体预热温度对热障涂层热残余应力影响的研究

研究了用等离子喷涂工艺制备ZrO2-NiCrAl-LD-8基体的热障涂层过程中,基体预热温度对热障涂层热残余应力的影响.通过有限元计算分析,表明选择合适的基体温度,能大大降低热障涂层的热残余应力,为喷涂制备过程中基体预热温度的选择提供了参考.     

超音速等离子喷涂ZrO2-MoSi2涂层的组织及耐磨性能

为了研制一种新型的连铸结晶器涂层材料,采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在CrZrCu基体表面制备ZrO₂-MoSi₂/CoNiCrAlY复合涂层。通过SEM、XRD和EDS等分析测试手段对涂层的微观组织、形貌及物相组成进行表征,并利用摩擦磨损试验机对ZrO₂-MoSi₂涂层与NiCo电镀层的耐磨性能进行比较。结果表明：超音速等离子喷涂可形成熔化或半熔化状态的致密层状结构组织,涂层主要由MoSi₂、ZrO₂、Mo₅Si₃和少量的单质Mo相组成,相对于NiCo电镀层,ZrO₂-MoSi₂涂层的摩擦磨损性能提高了近5倍。     

超音速等离子喷涂ZrO2涂层的缺陷分析与力学性能

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术(SAPS)在Q235钢基体表面制备了ZrO₂涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分别对ZrO₂涂层微观形貌、物相组成、元素分布进行了检测和分析,同时利用维氏硬度计对ZrO₂涂层硬度进行了测量,分别得出了涂层、涂层与基体连接处、基体的硬度值。结果表明:利用超音速等离子喷涂技术所制备的ZrO₂涂层表面存在大量颗粒凸起和孔洞。涂层截面存在形状为“马蹄形”、“弯月形”、“椭球形”以及“不规则多边形”的孔洞和横向裂纹缺陷,孔隙率为13%。在高温作用下,涂层中Zr元素发生扩散,由涂层顶部至底部Zr元素含量上升,且基体表面出现少量Zr元素。涂层材料在喷涂过程中发生相变,由单斜相转为四方相。涂层、涂层与基体连接处、基体显微硬度分别为740.51、205.79、189.33 HV0.2,涂层与基体连接处相比于基体材料表面的显微硬度提高。     

团聚粉末粒度对PS-PVD制备GYbZ热障涂层的性能影响

目的 探究不同粒度的微米级团聚粉末对等离子喷涂–物理气相沉(PS-PVD)制备GYbZ热障涂层性能的影响。方法 以微米团聚的(Gd_0.9Yb_0.1)₂Zr₂O₇(GYbZ)粉末为原料,通过PS-PVD工艺在镍基高温合金表面用3种不同粒径团聚粉末制备GYbZ热障涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析GYbZ热障涂层的微观结构及相组成,采用电子万能试验机测试涂层的结合强度,采用自动水淬机对涂层的抗热震性能进行测试。结果 随着团聚粉末粒度的减小,团聚粉末的球形度会变低,且粉末的孔隙率逐渐变大,团聚粉末粒度越小,喷涂的气化率越高,涂层中未熔粒子越少,涂层羽–柱状结构越明显。D₅₀=13μm的团聚粉末在喷涂时,因粉末粒度过小,以及流动性较差,送粉过程中部分粉末未能顺利地通过喷嘴到达等离子焰流的中心,涂层的沉积率会略微降低。GYbZ团聚粉末衍射图呈现出Gd₂Zr₂O₇与Yb     

等离子喷涂金属/陶瓷梯度热障涂层研究进展

热障涂层在众多领域具有重要的应用价值,但基体与涂层的物理性能不匹配是遏制其服役性能和寿命提高的主要原因。金属/陶瓷梯度热障涂层通过逐渐改变涂层内部的成分、结构,可有效地改善基体和涂层因物理性能突变而导致的界面失效问题。首先介绍了金属/陶瓷梯度热障涂层对比于双层热障涂层的独特微观结构,并简要分析了其具有明显性能优势的原因。随后总结了金属/陶瓷梯度热障涂层残余应力的具体分布、影响因素和模拟模型优化现状,重点从优化涂层制备工艺、改进喷涂技术、改善涂层设计三个方面,介绍了改善涂层性能的研究进展。其中优化球磨和喷涂工艺参数、模拟研究喷涂过程、改进喷涂技术的方式是通过提高涂层质量来提升其物理性能,而改变涂层成分分布形式、涂层层数和厚度主要是通过改善涂层残余应力分布和水平来提升其抗热失效能力。最后提出了进一步优化模拟模型、改进喷涂技术、创新涂层设计和完善机理研究,是未来等离子喷涂金属/陶瓷梯度热障涂层的重点研究方向。     

树脂基复合材料用陶瓷涂层防护性能分析

采用等离子喷涂铝粉作为打底材料在碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料（PMC）基体上制备了Al2O3和ZrO2轻质陶瓷防护涂层，测试了涂层的剪切结合强度、耐热循环性能、抗冲蚀性能、隔热性能。结果表明，等离子喷涂铝粉作打底层的涂层系统，性能优于电弧喷铝或电弧喷锌作打底层的涂层系统。带有Al2O3涂层的试样失重不到基体材料失重的1／3，Al2O3和ZrO2陶瓷涂层都可以为聚酰亚胺复合材料基体提供有效的冲蚀防护。Al2O3和ZrO2陶瓷涂层都可以为聚酰亚胺复合材料基体提供有效的隔热防护，ZrO2涂层隔热性能优于Al2O3涂层。     

Adhesion improvements of Thermal Barrier Coatings with HVOF thermally sprayed bond coats

Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are an effective engineering solution for the improvement of in service performance of gas turbines and diesel engine components. The quality and further performance of TBC, likewise all thermally sprayed coatings or any other kind of coating, is strongly dependent on the adhesion between the coating and the substrate as well as the adhesion (or cohesion) between the metallic bond coat and the ceramic top coat layer. The debonding of the ceramic layer or of the bond coat layer will lead to the collapse of the overall thermal barrier system. Though several possible problems can occur in coating application as residual stresses, local or net defects (like pores and cracks), one could say that a satisfactory adhesion is the first and intrinsic need for a good coating. The coating adhesion is also dependent on the pair substrate-coating materials, substrate cleaning and blasting, coating application process, coating application parameters and environmental conditions. In this work, the general characteristics and adhesion properties of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) having bond coats applied using High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying and plasma sprayed ceramic top coats are studied. By using HVOF technique to apply the bond coats, high adherence and high corrosion resistance are expected. Furthermore, due to the characteristics of the spraying process, compressive stresses should be induced to the substrate. The compressive stresses are opposed to the tensile stresses that are typical of coatings applied by plasma spraying and eventually cause delamination of the coating in operational conditions. The evaluation of properties includes the studies of morphology, microstructure, microhardness and adhesive/cohesive resistance. From the obtained results it can be said that the main failure location is in the bond coat/ceramic interface corresponding to the lowest adhesion values.     

ZrO2/NiCoCrAIY功能梯度涂层残余应力分析

采用有限元方法研究了等离子ZrO2/NiCoCrAlY功能梯度涂层形成过程中的热力学行为以及残余应力的分布.结果表明,由于涂层与基体的热膨胀系数不匹配等原因,在界面等区域存在严重的应力集中.涂层与基体厚度比、中间层以及喷涂过程的冷却速率对残余应力水平有很大影响.涂层内部关键区域的残余应力水平,随着涂层厚度增加而增加;50%ZrO2+50%NiCoCrAlY中间层对降低涂层内部的应力水平是有利的,但并不能消除涂层内部的应力集中;对于瞬态分析而言,涂层内部的应力随着冷却速度的增加而增加.     

Development of electrically conductive plasma sprayed coatings on glass ceramic substrates

The production of functional coatings on glass or glass ceramic substrates is of outstanding interest in modern product development due to the specific thermophysical properties of glasses, like low or even negative CTE, low heat conductivity and high dimensional stability. Atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) is an adequate technology for the deposition of a wide variety of materials on glasses and opens new application fields for thermal spraying technology in engineering and consumer industries.Metals are the frequent solution to produce electrically conductive layers in thermal spraying operations. Concerning applications with glass ceramic as a substrate, an intermediate oxide ceramic coating is applied before depositing the metallic layer, so that the distribution of residual stresses in the composite caused during and after the deposition process due to the mismatch in the materials thermophysical properties is minimized. However, the electrical properties required for the developed coatings presented in this paper can be fulfilled using other spraying materials, like mixed phases of oxide ceramics and metal powders, or pure ceramic materials. In this way, mono-layer electrically conductive systems which ensure the required stability and adhesion of the coating can be developed, reducing as well production time and costs.In the proposed approach, the three systems, metal oxide layer-composites, ceramic-metal mixed layers and ceramic mono-layers as conductive coatings on glass ceramics were thermally sprayed with APS. The coatings were characterized in terms of residual stress distribution and electrical conductivity. The influence of the process parameters on the coating electrical and mechanical properties was analyzed using the design of experiments (DOE) methodology.     

Thermal Shock Property of Al/Ni-ZrO2 Gradient Thermal Barrier Coatings

Al/Ni-ZrO2 gradient thermal barrier coatings are made on aluminum substrate using plasma spraying method and one direction thermal shock properties of the coatings are studied in this paper. The results show that pores in coatings link to form cracks vertical to coating surface. They go through the whole ZrO2 coating once vertical cracks form. When thermal shock cycles increase, horizontal cracks that result in coatings failure forms in the coatings and interface. And vertical cracks delay appearance of horizontal cracks and enhance thermal shock property of coatings. Failure mechanisms of coating thermal shock are discussed using experiments and finite element method.     

Thermal Shock Property of Al/Ni-ZrO_2 Gradient Thennal Barrier Coatings

THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS can holdbackintrusion of high temperature,high heat to increaseapplied temperature and life of substrate metal parts,and have been applied on heat position of rocket,satellite,aero engine and gas engine"31.But thermalstresses are produced during thermal shock due tomismatch of thermal properties between ceramiccoatings and substrate metal,therefore thermal shockproperties of coatings are very poor.Gradient thermalbarrier coatings make materials gradually chang…     

等离子喷涂热障涂层热震失效过程及残余应力分析

采用等离子喷涂技术在高温合金上制备了热障涂层(粘接层为NiCoCrAlY,陶瓷层为ZrO2-8%Y2O3),利用扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(RFS)等试验手段研究了热障涂层热震失效的过程及残余应力大小和分布状态。结果表明:150次热循环后,陶瓷层和热生长氧化物(TGO)生成裂纹,其中陶瓷层的裂纹已扩展至TGO;350次热循环后,出现贯通陶瓷层与金属过渡层的纵向裂纹,涂层局部出现剥离,剥离位置位于TGO与陶瓷层界面;拉曼光谱(RFS)分析结果显示TGO内应力水平分布不均,局部厚大区和凸凹处残余应力较大,是裂纹萌生、扩展的主要部位。     

等离子喷涂ZrO2—NiCoCrAlY梯度热障涂层的抗热震性及失效机理

研究了ZrO2-NiCoCrAlY热障涂层的抗热震性和热震失效机理。实验结果表明,梯度热隙涂层能明显延缓热震裂纹的形成和扩展,具有较高的抗热震性。热震裂纹形成与扩展主要在粘结层与基体的界面处。随热循环次数的增加,热震裂纹可在表面陶瓷层内和陶瓷层与过渡层的界面处形成。实验表明热障涂层热震失效的过程主要是裂纹形成、扩展及涂层剥落,粘结层的氧化是导致涂层剥落失效的重要原因。     

Technical note: Plasma-sprayed ceramic thermal barrier coatings for smooth intermetallic alloys

A durable ceramic thermal barrier coating is applied directly to a smooth, highly oxidation resistant intermetallic alloy in two layers. The first layer of ceramic is applied by low pressure plasma spraying and the second layer is applied by conventional atmospheric pressure plasma spraying. This approach would allow the use of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings in applications where a metallic bond coat is not desirable.