端伯氨基氧化丙烯聚醚的合成与应用进展

介绍了一种端伯氨基聚醚的合成方法,对各种合成方法的特点作了简要的介绍,并且分析了两大类合成方法的优缺点。     

端氨基聚醚的合成

使用自制催化剂,采用间歇釜法合成端氨基聚醚,讨论了催化剂种类以及处理方法、反应温度、压力、氢气、氨气加入量等对端氨基聚醚产品生成率、伯胺含量的影响。在温度200℃、压力13MPa下,端氨基聚醚的生成率>97%,伯胺占总胺摩尔分数>99%,达到国外相关产品指标。     

端氨基聚醚的合成

研究了以改性雷尼镍为催化剂、聚醚和液氨为原料,临氢高压催化氨化制备端氨基聚醚的工艺路线,考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、氨醇比、氢醇比对反应的影响.结果表明,温度220℃、氨醇摩尔比10 ～ 12、氢醇摩尔比0.6～0.8、催化剂质量分数为7％～11％、反应时间4～5h时,聚醚氨化制备端氨基聚醚的转化率大于97％.     

端氨基聚醚的合成及应用

对照聚醚多元醇介绍了端氨基聚醚（ATPEs）的结构特点及其与异氰酸酯的反应特性。讨论了端氨基聚醚的几种典型合成方法,介绍了端基在反应注射成型技术和喷涂聚脲弹性体技术领域中的应用以及国内外开发和应用情况。     

合成端氨基聚醚的研究进展

介绍了端氨基聚醚的结构特点和应用情况,探讨了端氨基聚醚的合成方法和相关催化剂的研究进展,最后展望了端氨基聚醚的发展前景。     

端氨基聚醚合成工艺设计及参数优化

研究设计了由聚丙二醇催化胺化加氢制备端氨基聚醚的合成工艺,考察了氢气流量、反应温度、原料体积空速、原料比和反应压力对反应的影响。结果表明,在反应温度205℃,氢气流速14.5 L/h,聚丙二醇和液氨物质的量之比1:14,体积空速1.25 h-1,反应压力6 MPa,催化剂为镍系催化剂,装填量为10 m L的条件下,聚丙二醇的转化率为99.38%,端氨基聚醚总胺值为8.20 mmol/g,伯胺纯度为97.84%。固化性能测试结果表明,产品质量及固化性能均与国外同类产品相当,能够完全替代国外样品。     

脂肪族端氨基聚醚的合成及应用

综述了脂肪族端氨基聚醚的几种常用合成方法、特点及国内外对脂肪族端氨基聚醚的合成研究情况。另外,对脂肪族端氨基聚醚在非异氰酸酯聚氨酯和喷涂聚氨酯（脲）弹性体技术领域的应用情况进行叙述。     

端氨基聚醚的合成方法及其应用

首先论述了端氨基聚醚（ATPE）与多异氰酸酯的反应特性,以及制成的聚脲结构的性能特征。重点介绍了芳香族和脂肪族ATPE的几种典型的合成方法,对它们各自的特点作了简要介绍,简单叙述了反应注射成型及喷涂弹性体领域的几个发展阶段及其ATPE的应用情况,以及国内ATPE的研究和应用情况。     

酚醛聚醚胺的合成及应用研究

本文研究了酚醛聚醚胺的合成、分析及其固化环氧树脂的性能。     

聚醚的功能化

简介了聚醚的化学结构、种类和发展趋向 ,对功能性聚醚的主要品种、合成方法及其应用作了初步探讨     

The polyurea structure and the role of Amine-Terminated Polyethers and Polyesters in Polyurethanes

The Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) technology has made it possible to master the fast reaction of di- and polyamines with di- and polyisocyanates, leading to the preferred polyurea structure. Telechelics with amino end groups are gaining increased interest for the manufacture of polyurethane-polyurea materials by this technology. They make it possible to substitute all urethane groups in the elastomers with urea groups. The telechelics which are considered are amine-terminated polyethers (ATPE) and polyesters based on the typical soft-segment forming polycondensation polymers which are widely used in polyurethane chemistry. Isocyanate-terminated prepolymers of toluene diisocyanate and polyether polyols can be hydrolyzed in aqueous alkaline media via the carbamate intermediate to the amineterminated prepolymers. The reactivity of these aromatic ATPEs was ideally fit for the RIM process. ATPEs by the hydrolysis process are somewhat limited if products with low viscosities are required. In the reaction of chloro-nitrobenzenes with polyether polyols followed by the hydrogenation of the nitro groups of the terminal phenoxy moieties, we found a path for the synthesis of low viscosity aromatic ATPEs. Capping of polyether polyols with acetoacetate groups and subsequent reaction of the acetoacetylated polyethers with amines, leads to polyethers with terminal imine or enamine groups, which are derivates of aminocrotonic acid. We determined that this approach is a universal method for the synthesis of a large variety of aromatic as well as aliphatic ATPEs with low viscosities. Trifluoroacetic acid turned out to be the ideal catalyst for the reaction of the acetoacetylated polyethers with aromatic diamines, one amino group forming the imine link, the second one remaining intact and providing the desired reactivity towards isocyanates. Aliphatic diamines do not require a catalyst for this reaction. They lead to aminocrotonates with aliphatic amino groups that have high reactivity towards isocyanates, which is to be expected from aliphatic amines. The reaction of the chloroformates of polyether polyols with diamines can also be used to synthesize a variety of ATPEs. We recently developed an approach to low viscosity ATPEs having secondary amino end groups. The hydroxyl groups of the polyether polyols are converted to chloride or methanesulfonyl. The polyethers terminated with these leaving-groups are reacted with primary aliphatic or aromatic amines to give the secondary ATPEs in very good yields.     

二氧化硅负载梳状聚醚三相催化剂的合成及其催化性能研究

以表面经偶联剂修饰的二氧化硅为载体,通过聚(β-氯乙基缩水甘油醚)和醇钠反应,合成了两种梳状聚醚三相转移催化剂,研究了它们在碘代、二氯卡宾对双键加成和混合醚制备反应中的催化活性.结果表明,这类催化剂具有良好的催化活性和重复使用性能.     

聚醚胺对环氧树脂高低温粘接性能的影响

采用间苯二甲胺和聚醚胺作为混合固化剂,研究了柔性链增韧和不同官能度环氧的“混合效应”的协同作用对环氧胶粘剂的低温(-196℃)、室温和高温(140℃)粘接性能的影响。研究结果显示,以间苯二甲胺为固化剂时,AG80的引入可以改善双酚A环氧的高温及低温（-196℃)的粘接强度,并在质量分数为50％时使低温粘接性能达到最佳值。聚醚链段的引入有利于胶粘剂低温和室温粘接强度的改善,但高温性能降低。而在柔性链改性体系中AG80的加入可改善高温粘接性能,但室温及低温剪切强度略有降低。     

无规聚醚的结构与性能（上）

本文上篇研究了不同引发剂、ＥＯ／ＰＯ比和分子量的无规聚醚的一般性能与结构之间的关系、发现分子量是影响无规聚醚的决定性因素,无规聚醚浊点主要受ＥＯ／ＰＯ比和引发剂结构的影响,而热失重则要受到 ＥＯ／ＰＯ比、分子量和引发剂结构三者的影响。