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氟碳防水防油剂的研究进展及发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了氟碳防水防油剂的国内外研究现状,提出了现在市场上销售的防水防油剂存在的问题,提出了研究复配增效技术,开发用来替代C8的C6、含硅氟、含氧等杂原子等新型的防水防油剂,以及研究相关检测技术等应对建议。 相似文献
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本文采用无皂乳液聚合法,以全氟烷基酯(FEA)为功能单体,制备了一种氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂,并对其乳液颗粒粒径大小及分布和高分子溶液表面活性进行了研究。通过对棉织物进行防水防油整理应用实验,详细考察了该织物整理剂的使用质量百分数和烘焙温度对防水防油性能的影响,并测试了其他应用性能。结果表明,通过该防水防油剂处理的织物有优异的防水防油性能,处理后的织物表面动态防水性可达90分,防油性可达5级,对水的接触角可达142.5°,对石蜡油的接触角可达126?,并且有良好的耐水洗性和常规应用性能。 相似文献
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采用无皂乳液聚合法,以全氟烷基酯(FEA)为功能单体,制备了一种氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂,并对其乳液颗粒粒径大小及分布和高分子溶液表面活性进行了研究。通过对棉织物进行防水防油整理应用实验,详细考察了该织物整理剂的使用质量分数和焙烘温度对防水防油性能的影响,并测试了其他应用性能。结果表明,通过该防水防油剂处理的织物有优异的防水防油性能,处理后的织物表面动态防水性可达90分,防油性可达5级,对水的接触角可达142.5°,对石蜡油的接触角可达126°,并且有良好的耐水洗性和常规应用性能。 相似文献
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Three model structures of linear segmented anionomeric polyurethanes based on perfluoropolyether dimethylol‐terminated oligomers, isophorone diisocyanate, and dimethylol propionic acid were synthesized and obtained in the form of aqueous dispersions. The structures differed from each other in the chemical nature of the chain extender (diol or diamine) and in the content of carboxylic acid. Dispersions and polymer films were characterized by dynamic light scattering, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and contact angle measurements. Diluted aqueous dispersions were also evaluated as protective sizing agents in paper treatment, both as bulk modifiers and as surface treatments. Paper sheets characterized by high water and oil repellence were obtained. The results showed that performance is mainly related to the ionic group content of the polymer and to its molecular architecture. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1364–1372, 2005 相似文献
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采用均聚氟硅橡胶和改性共聚氟硅橡胶,通过机械共混法制备宽温域氟硅橡胶,研究均聚氟硅橡胶/改性共聚氟硅橡胶并用比对胶料物理性能、耐15#航空液压油性能及耐低温性能的影响。结果表明:随着改性共聚氟硅橡胶用量增大,胶料的硬度逐渐降低,拉伸强度变化很小,拉断伸长率和拉断永久变形逐渐增大但增幅不大,耐15#航空液压油性能有所降低,耐低温性能明显提高;当均聚氟硅橡胶/改性共聚氟硅橡胶并用比为50/50时,胶料的脆性温度(多试样法)达到-64.7℃,在-50,-55,-60℃下的压缩耐寒系数分别达到0.51,0.44,0.39,低温回缩试验10%回缩率对应的温度达到-67.2℃;当均聚氟硅橡胶/改性共聚氟硅橡胶并用比为70/30时,胶料的耐低温、耐15#航空液压油综合性能最佳,动密封圈在10个循环周期的台架试验中未出现泄漏、损伤和永久变形现象,在-60~150℃宽温域、15#航空液压油环境中具有良好的密封性能。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(4):523-536
The ability of homogeneous and mixed matrix membranes prepared using standard silicone rubber, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), and fluorosilicone rubber, poly(trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) (PTFPMS), to dehydrate ethanol by pervaporation was evaluated. Although PDMS is generally considered to be the benchmark hydrophobic membrane material in pervaporation, water/ethanol molar permselectivity of a pure PDMS membrane was found to be 0.89 for a feed containing 80/20 w/w ethanol/water at 50°C, indicating a slight selectivity for water. Fluorinated groups in PTFPMS improved the water-ethanol permselectivity to 1.85, but decreased the water permeability from 9.7 × 10?12 kmol · m/m2 · s · kPa in PDMS to 5.1 × 10?12 kmol · m/m2 · s · kPa (29,000 and 15,200 Barrer, respectively). These water permeabilities are attractive, particularly since the rubbery materials should not experience the steep declines in water permeability observed with most standard dehydration membranes as water concentration in the feed decreases. However, the water selectivity is lower than desired for most applications. Particles of hydrophilic zeolite 4A were loaded into both PDMS and PTFPMS matrices in an effort to boost water selectivity and further improve water permeability. Water-ethanol permselectivities as high as 11.5 and water permeabilities as high as 23.2 × 10?12 kmol · m/m2 · s · kPa were observed for the PTFPMS/zeolite 4A mixed matrix membranes?6 times higher than for the unfilled PTFPMS membrane. 相似文献
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对目前国内外除水用过滤材料油水分离试验方法及现状进行了简单介绍,对试验方法的不足进行了分析,并根据经验对今后此试验新方法研究方向阐述了自己的观点。并对过滤材料油水分离试验的行为和其工作原理进行了分析计算,推导出了过滤材料油水分离试验中过滤材料单位面积的平均不溶水含量的计算公式。 相似文献
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我国农药水乳剂的发展现状及稳定机理研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
介绍了农药水乳剂在我国的发展现状,并对水乳剂稳定体系稳定机理及其研究方法进行了综述。在我国,农药水乳剂在1993至2005年12年间共登记108个,至2007年4月处于登记有效期内的品种就达224个,发展速度较快。在水乳剂稳定体系形成机理研究方面已有相体积理论等多种理论,乳液稳定性研究方法则有电导法等多种方法。运用Zeta电位法、单滴法对40%三唑磷EW稳定体系形成机理研究表明,水乳剂体系稳定的关键因素为"乳化剂和物理稳定剂",另外,加工工艺与助剂种类均不同程度地影响水乳剂体系的稳定。 相似文献
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稠油水平井吞吐开发中边底水锥进导致油井出水,因筛管完井方式、井段长、出水点压力高等因素影响,已有的水平井堵水措施效果不理想,为此,在对比目前各种堵水技术的优缺点基础上,进行改进完善,将机械堵水、化学堵水有机组合应用,在现场试验中见到明显效果,为稠油边底水油藏水平井水侵治理提供了技术上的参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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