GexSi1—x／Si超晶格红外探测器最佳结构

通过对ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ超晶格机理的研究，算出了ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ超晶格红外探测器的最佳结构参数，以对１．３μｍ红外光有最大的利用率。     

1.3μm和1.55μm Si_(1-x)Ge_x波长信号分离器与Si_(1-x)Ge_x/Si应变超晶格探测器的集成

对１．３μｍ和１．５５μｍ波长的Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ波长信号分离器（ＷＳＤ）和Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ应变超晶格（ＳＬＳ）红外探测器的集成结构进行了系统的分析和优化设计．优化结果为：（１）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘＷＳＤ，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．０５．波导的脊高和腐蚀深度分别为３μｍ和２．６μｍ．对应于λ１＝１．３μｍ和λ２＝１．５５μｍ波长的波导脊宽分别为１１μｍ和８．５μｍ．（２）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／ＳｉＳＬＳ探测器，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．５．探测器的厚度为５５０ｎｍ，由２３个周期的６ｎｍＳｉ０．５Ｇｅ０．５＋１７ｎｍＳｉ组成．     

1.55μmSi_(1-x)Ge_x/Si光开关与光探测器集成的分析及设计

对１．５５μｍ波长的Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光波导开关和Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ红外探测器的集成结构进行了系统的理论分析和优化设计。设计结果为：（１）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光开关，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．０５，波导的内脊高、脊宽和腐蚀深度分别为３，８．５和２．６μｍ，分支角为５～６°。要实现对１．５５μｍ波长光的开关作用，ｐｎ＋结上所需加的正向偏压值应为０．９７Ｖ；（２）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ探测器，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．５，探测器由２３个周期的６ｎｍＳｉ０．５Ｇｅ０．５和１７ｎｍＳｉ交替组成厚度为５５０ｎｍ，长度约为１．５～２ｍｍ的超晶格，内量子效率达８０％以上。     

应变Si1—xGex层材料和Si／Si1—xGex器件物理参数模型

Ｓｉ／Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ异质结系统已成功地应用于高速数字、高频微波和光电器件中。对这些器件进行理解和分析时，往往受到应变Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ材料参数缺乏的制约。本文建立和给出了常温和低温下重要应变Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ层材料和Ｓｉ／Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ器件物理参数模型，对Ｓｉ／Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ异质结器件的理解、研究和设计有重要的实际意义。     

硅基低维结构材料

Ｓｉ／Ｇｅ超晶格外延生长技术的发展和多孔硅发光现象的发现引起了对硅基低维结构材料的关注。本文简单综述了近年来在Ｓｉ／Ｇｅ超晶格电子态和光学性质、调制掺杂Ｓｉ／ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ异质结构输运性质以及多孔发光机理等方面的研究进展。     

Si1—xGex合金半导体及其应用

Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ合金及其与Ｓｉ构成的应变层异质结构，量子阱、超晶格是近年来迅速发展起来的一种具有广阔应用前景的半导体微结构材料，本文着重综述了Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ合金的结构，电学，光学性质及其广阔和应用价值。     

超晶格（GeXSi1—x）1／（Si）m（001）的电子能带结构

采用紧束缚的重整化方法计算了超晶格（ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ）１／（Ｓｉ）ｍ（００１）的基本带隙及其导带底在布里渊区中的位置在ｘ＝０．０１～０．１范围内随ｘ的变化情况以及当Ｘ＝０．０１时随硅层层数ｍ的变化情况。计算结果表明，在Ｘ＝０．０１～０．１范围内，Ｘ对导带底位置基本上没有影响，导带底位置主要由硅层层数ｍ决定，并可根据布里渊区折叠计算得到。由此提出，可以制成类似于（ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ）１／（Ｓｉ）ｍ（０     

超晶格（Ge_xSi_（1－x）1／（Si）_m（001）的电子能带结构

采用紧束缚的重整化方法计算了超晶格（ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ）１／（Ｓｉ）ｍ（００１）的基本带隙及其导带底在布里渊区中的位置在Ｘ＝０．０１～０．１范围内随Ｘ的变化情况以及当Ｘ＝０．０１时随硅层层数ｍ的变化情况。计算结果表明，在ｘ＝０．０１～０．１范围内，ｘ对导带底位置基本上没有影响，导带底位置主要由硅层层数ｍ决定，并可根据布里渊区折叠计算得到。由此提出，可以制成类似于（ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ）１／（Ｓｉ）ｍ（００１）形式的超晶格，而获得准直接能隙结构的材料，以提高其光的发射和检测能力。关键词：     

Ge＿xSi＿（1－x）／Si应变层超晶格的LACBED研究

Ｇｅ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１－ｘ）／Ｓｉ应变层超晶格的ＬＡＣＢＥＤ研究段晓峰（中国科学院北京电子显微镜实验室，北京１０００８０）Ｇｅ＿ｘＳｉ＿（１－ｘ）／Ｓｉ应变层超晶格是一种新的能带工程材料。人们可以通过调整合金层的合金成分等结构参数，来调整应变层超晶格的能...     

GSMBE外延生长GeSi/Sip-n异质结二极管

用气态源分子束外延（ＧＳＭＢＥ）法生长了掺杂ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ合金并试制了ｐ－ｎ异质结二极管,Ｘ射线双晶衍射和二极管Ｉ－Ｖ特性表明,ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ合金的完整性与异质结界面的失配位错是影响异质结二极管反向漏电的主要原因．通过控制ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ合金的组分及厚度,我们获得了较高质量的ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉｐ－ｎ异质结二极管材料,其反向电压为－５Ｖ时,反向漏电流密度为６．１μＡ／ｃｍ２．     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.