不同钝化结构的HgCdTe光伏探测器暗电流机制

在同一HgCdTe晶片上制备了单层ZnS钝化和双层（CdTe+ZnS）钝化的两种光伏探测器,对器件的性能进行了测试,发现双层钝化的器件具有较好的性能．通过理论计算,分析了器件的暗电流机制,发现单层钝化具有较高的表面隧道电流．通过高分辨X射线衍射中的倒易点阵技术研究了单双层钝化对HgCdTe外延层晶格完整性的影响,发现单层ZnS钝化的HgCdTe外延层产生了大量缺陷,而这些缺陷正是单层钝化器件具有较高表面隧道电流的原因．     

不同钝化结构的HgCdTe光伏探测器暗电流机制

在同一HgCdTe晶片上制备了单层ZnS钝化和双层(CdTe+ZnS)钝化的两种光伏探测器,对器件的性能进行了测试,发现双层钝化的器件具有较好的性能.通过理论计算,分析了器件的暗电流机制,发现单层钝化具有较高的表面隧道电流.通过高分辨X射线衍射中的倒易点阵技术研究了单双层钝化对HgCdTe外延层晶格完整性的影响,发现单层ZnS钝化的HgCdTe外延层产生了大量缺陷,而这些缺陷正是单层钝化器件具有较高表面隧道电流的原因.     

碲镉汞光伏探测器的变面积表面钝化研究

利用同一片碲镉汞材料制备了由单层ZnS和双层CdTe/ZnS作钝化膜的变面积光伏探测器,对两种钝化膜结构的变面积器件进行了对比研究.通过分析两种器件的电流-电压(I-V)特性曲线以及零偏电阻-面积乘积(RoA)与周长-面积比(p/A)的关系曲线,发现ZnS钝化的器件具有较大的表面漏电流;通过分析两种器件的电流噪声与暗电流的关系,发现ZnS钝化的器件的噪声特性较接近散粒噪声,CdTe/ZnS双层钝化的器件则表现出较好的基本1/f噪声特性,使得器件噪声要小于单层ZnS钝化的器件.     

碲镉汞光伏探测器的变面积表面钝化研究

利用同一片碲镉汞材料制备了由单层ZnS和双层CdTe/ZnS作钝化膜的变面积光伏探测器,对两种钝化膜结构的变面积器件进行了对比研究.通过分析两种器件的电流-电压(I-V)特性曲线以及零偏电阻-面积乘积(RoA)与周长-面积比(p/A)的关系曲线,发现ZnS钝化的器件具有较大的表面漏电流;通过分析两种器件的电流噪声与暗电流的关系,发现ZnS钝化的器件的噪声特性较接近散粒噪声,CdTe/ZnS双层钝化的器件则表现出较好的基本1/f噪声特性,使得器件噪声要小于单层ZnS钝化的器件.     

HgCdTe MIS器件的制备及其界面电学特性的研究(下)

介绍了用高、低频组合电容法测量HgCdTe MIS器件钝化层界面态密度能量分布的基本原理和步骤．研究表明,自身阳极硫化 单层ZnS对HgCdTe的表面钝化已经达到光伏焦平面器件表面钝化的各项要求．     

回熔过程对HgCdTe长波红外光伏探测器的Ⅰ-Ⅴ性能的影响

对三种不同工艺的HgCdTe长波器件(标准工艺、回熔处理、离子注入后退火)的Ⅰ-Ⅴ性能分别进行测试,并通过理论计算与实验数据拟合提取上述器件参数,分析暗电流机制及导致暗电流变化的原因.文章中使用的暗电流机制的模型由扩散电流、产生-复合电流、缺陷辅助隧道电流和直接隧道电流组成.从拟合得到的器件参数中可以发现回熔过程中产生了大量的缺陷,导致缺陷辅助隧道电流、产生复合电流显著增加,器件反偏电阻减小,Ⅰ-Ⅴ性能变差.与离子注入后退火器件的性能变化相比,推测导致器件回熔后性能下降的原因是ZnS钝化层受热不稳定.     

回熔过程对HgCdTe长波红外光伏探测器的I-V性能的影响

对三种不同工艺的HgCdTe长波器件(标准工艺、回熔处理、离子注入后退火)的I-V性能分别进行测试,并通过理论计算与实验数据拟合提取上述器件参数,分析暗电流机制及导致暗电流变化的原因。文章中使用的暗电流机制的模型由扩散电流、产生-复合电流、缺陷辅助隧道电流和直接隧道电流组成。从拟合得到的器件参数中可以发现回熔过程中产生了大量的缺陷,导致缺陷辅助隧道电流、产生复合电流显著增加,器件反偏电阻减小,I-V性能变差。与离子注入后退火器件的性能变化相比,推测导致器件回熔后性能下降的原因是ZnS钝化层受热不稳定。     

两种钝化结构InGaAs红外探测器低频噪声的研究

低频噪声的测量和分析已成为红外探测器性能和可靠性评估的一种重要手段.制备了聚酰亚胺单层钝化和硫化后ZnS/聚酰亚胺双层钝化两种结构InGaAs探测器,测试了不同偏压或不同温度下器件的低频噪声谱,讨论了偏压和温度对InGaAs探测器低频噪声的影响.随着偏压的增加,噪声增大,拐点向低频方向移动,并且低频噪声随温度降低而减小.认为硫化后ZnS/聚酰亚胺双层钝化器件相对聚酰亚胺单层钝化器件相同偏压或温度下噪声较小,拐点低.因为硫化处理和ZnS层增强了钝化效果,器件的表面漏电流明显减小,因而大大降低了器件的低频噪声.     

分子束外延的CdTe在碲镉汞中波器件中钝化效果

采用分子束外延技术（MBE）制备了碲化镉（CdTe）原位钝化的中波碲镉汞（HgCdTe）材料。原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测试结果表明,分子束原位外延的CdTe可见cross-hatch,表面粗糙度为1～2 nm,CdTe和HgCdTe界面结合紧密。微波光导测试结果显示,77 K时,与表面处理后非原位CdTe钝化的HgCdTe材料相比,CdTe原位钝化的HgCdTe材料的少子寿命较大。制备了分子束外延CdTe原位钝化的中波HgCdTe光伏器件,和相同材料上的非原位CdTe/ZnS双层钝化制备的器件I-V特性相似。     

不同钝化层结构的长波碲镉汞光伏探测器的γ辐照效应

对采用单层ZnS和双层CdTe/ZnS两种钝化层结构的长波碲镉汞光伏器件进行了实时γ辐照效应研究.通过辐照过程中实时测试器件的电流-电压特性,发现随着辐照剂量的增加,两种器件表现出不同的辐照效应.结合光伏器件的电流机制分析,对器件的电阻-电压曲线进行数值拟合,发现器件的主要电流机制在偏压较大时为间接隧道电流,在偏压较小及零偏压附近时为产生-复合电流.对辐照前后器件的电阻-电压曲线进行对比分析,认为CdTe/ZnS双层钝化结构有助于降低辐照位移效应的影响,使得器件间接隧道电流随辐照剂量无明显的增加;同时发现辐照电离效应的影响与器件材料的初始性能参数密切相关,拟合得到ZnS单层钝化结构的器件具有较高的少子产生-复合寿命,受电离效应的影响较大,导致其产生-复合电流随着辐照剂量增加持续增大.     

Photo-enhanced native oxidation process forHg0.8Cd0.2Te photoconductors

Proposes an easy and reproducible vapor-phase photo surface treatment method to improve the device performance of the Hg_0.8 Cd_0.2Te photoconductive detector. We explore the effect of surface passivation on the electrical and optical properties of the HgCdTe photoconductor. Experimental results, including surface mobility, surface carrier concentration, metal-insulator-semiconductor leakage current, 1/f noise voltage spectrum, the 1/f knee frequency, responsivity R_λ, and specific detectivity D* for stacked photo surface treatment and ZnS or CdTe passivation layers are presented. These data are all directly related to the quality of the interface between the passivation layer and the HgCdTe substrate. We found that, by inserting a photo native oxide layer, we can shift the 1/f knee frequency, reduce the noise power spectrum, and achieve a lower surface recombination velocity S. A higher D* can also be achieved. It was also found that HgCdTe photoconductors passivated with stacked layers show improved interface properties compared to the photoconductors passivated only with a single ZnS or CdTe layer     

Hg1-xCdxTe光伏探测器的钝化研究

用倒易二维点阵对HgCdTe光伏探测器钝化及其热处理行为进行了研究,发现测射沉积的钝化膜会引起HgCdTe的晶面弯曲,严重的会出现晶面扭曲和mosaic结构,而钝化后的热处理能改善MCT晶体的完整性,在不同的钝化介质层钝化MCT的研究中发现,ZnS钝化层在高温下并不稳定,而CdTe钝化层却能保持较高的耐温性能。     

Au／CdTe＋ZnS／HgCdTe双层介质膜MIS器件的制备及研究

通过介质膜ZnS、CdTe薄膜材料的Ar^ 束溅射沉积研究,结合HgCdTe器件工艺,成功制备了以ZnS、CdTe双层介质膜为绝缘层的HgCdTe MIS器件;通过对器件的C－V特性实验分析,获得了CdTe/HgCdTe界面电学特性参数。实验表明：溅射沉积介质膜CdTe ZnS对HgCdTe的表面钝化已经可以满足HgCdTe红外焦麦面器件表面钝化的各项要求。     

CdTe/ZnS复合钝化层对长波碲镉汞器件性能的影响研究

采用CdTe/ZnS复合钝化技术对长波HgCdTe薄膜进行表面钝化,并对钝化膜生长工艺进行了改进。采用不同钝化工艺分别制备了MIS器件和二极管器件,并进行了SEM、C-V和I-V表征分析,研究了HgCdTe/钝化层之间的界面特性及其对器件性能的影响。结果表明,钝化工艺改进后所生长的CdTe薄膜更为致密且无大的孔洞,CdTe/HgCdTe界面晶格结构有序度获得改善;采用改进的钝化工艺制备的MIS器件C-V测试曲线呈现高频特性,界面固定电荷面密度从改进前的1.671011 cm-2下降至5.691010 cm-2;采用常规钝化工艺制备的二极管器件在较高反向偏压下出现较大的表面沟道漏电流,新工艺制备的器件表面漏电现象获得了有效抑制。     

LWIR HgCdTe on Si detector performance and analysis

We have fabricated a series of 256 pixel×256 pixel, 40 μm pitch LWIR focal plane arrays (FPAs) with HgCdTe grown on (211) silicon substrates using MBE grown CdTe and CdSeTe buffer layers. The detector arrays were fabricated using Rockwell Scientific’s double layer planar heterostructure (DLPH) diode architecture. The 78 K detector and focal plane array (FPA) performance are discussed in terms of quantum efficiency (QE), diode dark current and dark current operability. The FPA dark current and the tail in the FPA dark current operability histograms are discussed in terms of the HgCdTe epitaxial layer defect density and the dislocation density of the individual diode junctions. Individual diode zero bias impedance and reverse bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristics vs. temperature are discussed in terms of the dislocation density of the epitaxial layer, and the misfit stress in the epitaxial multilayer structure, and the thermal expansion mismatch in the composite substrate. The fundamental FPA performance limitations and possible FPA performance improvements are discussed in terms of basic device physics and material properties.     

Effects of Inductively Coupled Plasma Hydrogen on Long-Wavelength Infrared HgCdTe Photodiodes

Bulk passivation of semiconductors with hydrogen continues to be investigated for its potential to improve device performance. In this work, hydrogen-only inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was used to incorporate hydrogen into long-wavelength infrared HgCdTe photodiodes grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Fully fabricated devices exposed to ICP showed statistically significant increases in zero-bias impedance values, improved uniformity, and decreased dark currents. HgCdTe photodiodes on Si substrates passivated with amorphous ZnS exhibited reductions in shunt currents, whereas devices on CdZnTe substrates passivated with polycrystalline CdTe exhibited reduced surface leakage, suggesting that hydrogen passivates defects in bulk HgCdTe and in CdTe.     

Passivation of HgCdTe p-n diode junction by compositionally graded HgCdTe formed by annealing in a Cd/Hg atmosphere

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is being widely used for passivating the HgCdTe p-n diode junction. Instead of CdTe, we tried a compositionally graded HgCdTe as a passivation layer that was formed by annealing an HgCdTe p-n junction in a Cd/Hg atmosphere. During annealing, Cd diffuses into HgCdTe from the Cd vapor, while Hg diffuses out from HgCdTe, forming compositionally graded HgCdTe at the surface. The Cd mole fraction at the surface was constant regardless of the annealing temperature in the range of 250–350°C. Capacitance versus voltage (C-V) curves for p-type HgCdTe that were passivated with compositionally graded HgCdTe formed by Cd/Hg annealing at 260°C showed a smaller flat-band voltage than the one passivated by thermally deposited CdTe, indicative of the better quality of the passivation. A long-wave infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe p-n junction diode passivated by compositionally graded HgCdTe showed about a one order of magnitude smaller R_dA value than the one passivated by thermally deposited CdTe, confirming the effectiveness of the compositionally graded HgCdTe as a passivant.     

MBE原位碲化镉钝化的碲镉汞长波光电二极管列阵

采用分子束外延(MBE)技术在表面生长碲化镉(CdTe)介质膜的p型碲镉汞(HgCdTe)材料,并通过离子注入区的光刻、暴露HgCdTe表面的窗口腐蚀、注入阻挡层硫化锌(ZnS)的生长、形成p-n结的B+注入、注入阻挡层的去除、绝缘介质膜ZnS的生长、金属化和铟柱列阵的制备等工艺,得到了原位CdTe钝化的n+-on-p...