基体匹配——火焰原子吸收法测定钴酸锂中杂质元素

本文采用标准系列钴酸锂基体匹配,用1＋1盐酸溶解,在1％的盐酸介质中,用火焰原子吸收法,测定了钴酸锂中钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铅、锌、铁、锰、镍等微量杂质含量。通过试验,确定了溶剂和介质的用量;对释放剂SrCl,的加入量进行了实验,选择了最佳加入量;对溶剂和样品中的共存元素进行了干扰实验。各元素的检出限分别为：钾：0．005μg／mL,钠：0．004μg／mL,钙：0．009μg／mL,镁：0．005μg／mL,铜：0．005μg／mL,铅：0．019μg／mL,锌：0．009μg／mL,铁：0．0151μg／mL,锰：0．005μg／mL,镍：0．012μg／mL,样品加标回收率在98—104％之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）为：0．96-9％,方法简便、快捷,仪器低廉,易于普及,适于钴酸锂中的微量元素检测。     

流动注射化学发光法测定复杂物料中的铌和钽

利用在碱性介质条件下，铌和钽对鲁米诺－H2O2－K3Fe（CN）6化学发光体系抑制作用，结合在线离子交换方法分离干扰离子，达到在线检测的目的。验证了铌和钽对化学发光体系抑制的线性关系。方法的检出限是铌：0．03μg／mL,钽：0．04μg／mL。测定铌和钽的线性范围为0．1－1μg／mL／。测定0．1μg／mL铌和钽9次的相对标准偏差分别为4．5％和5．1％。     

电镀液成分的梯度淋洗分离和抑制电导检测

对电镀液中10种有机酸和4种无机酸在流速为1．5ml／min，碳酸钠／硫酸氢钠梯度淋洗液分离，采用抑制电导检测，有理想的分离效果和检测灵敏度。乙酸、甲酸、丙酮酸、氯离子、山梨酸、苯甲酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、硝酸、磷酸、硫酸、草酸、柠檬酸、糖精钠检测限分别为0．449μg/mL,0.271μg/mL,0.570μg/mL,0.420μg/mL,0.716μg/mL,2.14μg/mL,3.662μg/mL,0.333μg/mL,1.456μg/mL,1.501μg/mL,1.200μg/mL,0.452μg/mL(S／N=3)，具有良好的线性关系和重现性。对电镀液氯离子、硝酸根及糖精钠的样品检测,结果令人满意。     

ICP—OES法测铅矿中砷、镉、铜、镍、锌含量

采用微波消解方法溶样,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP—OES）测定了铅矿中砷、镉、铜、镍、锌的含量。检出限：As、Cd、Cu、Ni及Zn等元素分别为0．0082μg／mL、O．0003μg／mL、O．0028μg／mL、0．0022μg／mL和0．00549g／mL。回收率：93．15-101．57％。本方法的检测范围宽,对于铅精矿和铅矿砂样品都能适用,同时还具有精确度高、快速简便等优点,能满足口岸大批铅矿检验的要求。     

依诺沙星在胶束体系中的荧光特性研究及应用

文章研究了依诺沙星在胶束体系中的荧光性质，发现十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对依诺沙星有较强的增敏作用，据此建立了胶束增敏荧光光度法测定痕量依诺沙星的新方法。经标准样品测定，依诺沙星浓度在0．03μg／mL～0．6μg／mL范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系，检测限为0．01μg／mL，回收率为96．7％～99．2％，相对标准偏差为2．2％～3．9％。该法用于依诺沙星片剂的含量测定，结果令人满意。     

人血清白蛋白光散射技术的简易测定

利用简易荧光仪研究了茜素红S（ARS）一人血清白蛋白（HSA）复合物的共振光散射光谱。研究结果表明：ARS—HSA复合物在pH=4．35的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中，波长360nm处出现最大的光散射强度，其线性范围为0～7．0μg／mL，检出限为0．6μg／mL。     

高效液相色谱法检测水产品中喹诺酮类药物残留

论述了高效液相色谱法检测水产品中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、恶喹酸等合成抗菌剂残留的方法。样品以乙腈为提取剂，经脱脂、净化、浓缩，用流动相溶解。用高效液相色谱荧光检测器测定恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星，利用荧光检测器的波长可变程序，又能同时检测恶喹酸。各标准曲线线性范围0．005-0．2μg／mL，线性相关系数r=0．9911—0．9943实验回收率68.6-82.3％，RSD在5．85％-8．12％（n=5），检测低限分别为1μg／Kg，2μg／Kg，2μg／Kg，2μg／Kg。     

离子色谱法测定蔬菜、水果中的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐

建立了用离子色谱法／电导检测器测定蔬菜和水果中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的方法。优化了分离条件，以3.5mg／L Na2CO3-1．0mg／L NaHCO3为淋洗液，10μg／mL Cl^-和0．50μg／mL NP2^-能得到良好的分离。相对标准偏差：NO2^-为1．5％，NO3^-为0．61％；回收率：NO2^-为97％～102％，NO3^-为96％～104％。     

反相离子对色谱柱后衍生法测定生物组织中四种生物胺的含量

采用反相色谱柱后衍生法测定肌肉组织中的酪胺、亚精胺、腐胺和尸胺含量。样品经0．6mol／L的高氯酸溶液匀浆提取；流动相为10mmol／L的辛烷磺酸钠溶液（pH5．2）与0．1mol／L乙酸钠溶液一乙腈（pH4．5），流速1mL／min；柱后衍生液为0．1％邻苯二甲醛（OPA）溶液（pH10．5～11．0），流速0．5mL／min；Discovery C18分离柱和保护柱；荧光检测器的激发波长和发射波长分别为340nm和450nm；采用62rain的梯度洗脱程序；外标法定量测定。该方法在0．2～10μg／mL的浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，酪胺、亚精胺、腐胺、尸胺的方法回收率在85．2％～103．3％之间，最低检测限为0．2μg／mL。     

夜蓝荧光探针测定DNA的研究

基于DNA对夜蓝（NB）荧光的增强作用,以二苯基萘基甲烷类碱性染料夜蓝为荧光探针,建立了一种新的DNA荧光测定体系。实验表明,在pH=6．4的K2HPO4-KH2PO4缓冲溶液中,当DNA的浓度在0．01～0．8μg／mL时,线性方程为：△F=627．85C＋6．2547（C：μg／mL）,相关系数r=0．9986,检测限为4．2×10^-5μg／mL。该方法用于榛树嫩叶中DNA含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

Singularity and workspace analysis of three isoconstrained parallel manipulators with schoenflies motion

This paper presents the analysis of three parallel manipulators with Schoenflies-motion. Each parallel manipulator possesses two limbs in structure and the end-effector has three DOFs (degree of freedom) in the translational motion and one DOF in rotational motion about a given direction axis with respect to the world coordinate system. The three isoconstrained parallel manipulators have the structures denoted as CuuUwHw-//-CvvUwHw, CuRuuUhw-//-CvRvvUhw and CuPuUhw-//- CvPvUhw. The kinematic equations are first introduced for each manipulator. Then, Jacobian matrix, singularity, workspace, and performance index for each mechanism are subsequently derived and analysed for the first time. The results can be helpful for the engineers to evaluate such kind of parallel robots for possible application in industry where pick-and-place motion is required.     

Significant progress in solution of nonlinear equations at displacement of structure and heat transfer extended surface by new AGM approach

In this paper, we aim to promote the capability of solving two complicated nonlinear differential equations: 1) Static analysis of the structure with variable cross section areas and materials with slope-deflection method; 2) the problem of one dimensional heat transfer with a logarithmic various surface A(x) and a logarithmic various heat generation G(x) with a simple and innovative approach entitled “Akbari-Ganji’s method” (AGM). Comparisons are made between AGM and numerical method, the results of which reveal that this method is very effective and simple and can be applied for other nonlinear problems. It is significant that there are some valuable advantages in this method and also most of the differential equations sets can be answered in this manner while in other methods there is no guarantee to obtain the good results up to now. Brief excellences of this method compared to other approaches are as follows: 1) Differential equations can be solved directly by this method; 2) without any dimensionless procedure, equation(s) can be solved; 3) it is not necessary to convert variables into new ones. According to the aforementioned assertions which are proved in this case study, the process of solving nonlinear equation(s) is very easy and convenient in comparison to other methods.     

氨基酸分析仪在菲律宾鳗鲡饲料营养研究中的应用

为了解决目前菲律宾鳗鲡养殖中无专用性饲料的现状,采用L-8800氨基酸自动分析仪测定了野生菲律宾鳗鲡、精养池养殖菲律宾鳗鲡、土池养殖菲律宾鳗鲡肌肉的氨基酸组成,结果表明野生的氨基酸总量低于人工饲养的氨基酸总量,氨基酸总量分别为野生菲律宾鳗鲡15.33 g.100g-1、精养池养殖菲律宾鳗鲡17.05 g.100g-1、土池养殖菲律宾鳗鲡17.15g.100g-1,其中必需氨基酸总量分别为8.01 g.100g-1、8.60 g.100g-1、8.69 g.100g-1,变异系数仅为4.38%;同时野生和人工养殖的菲律宾鳗鲡肌肉必需氨基酸比值相对稳定,从而得出菲律宾鳗鲡必需氨基酸组成模式Lys:Leu:Arg:Val:Phe:Ile:Thr:His:Met:Trp=8.6:7.1:6.2:4.6:4.6:4.4:4.2:3.1:2.7:1.0,为进一步研制、开发菲律宾鳗鲡人工配合饲料提供了理论依据。     

Morphological and confocal laser scanning microscopic investigations of the adductor muscle‐shell interface in scallop

The challenge of joining dissimilar advanced materials has led researchers around the world to search for new and more efficient solutions. This way, we can highlight the muscle‐shell attachment in mollusk, which possessed high strength and toughness. In order to make clear how this “bi‐material interface” derives its superior mechanical properties, the morphological features of the adductor muscle scar in Patinopecten yessoensis was investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This scar area was found to consist of a myostracum with many evenly distributed pit structures and a fracture section with a parallel arranged prism‐like structure. The measured values of the distribution density, diameter, and depth of those pit structures were 24 , 7.36 2.47 , and 1 0.31 respectively. Profile of each pit wall was arc curve without closed angle. Furthermore, CLSM micrographs showed that considerable micro pits (0.1–0.9 in diameter) distribute round the pit wall and on the pit bottom. This special micromorphology is the first report on the adductor muscle scar in scallop. In addition, the mineral state and mechanical property of the scar surface was analyzed by XRD and nanoindentation test respectively. In general, the study results presented in this work elucidated that the adductor muscle of P. yessoensis was attached to the shell by insertion of collagen fibers and fibril bundles branched from themselves into pits on the myostracum. This specific connection mechanism can increase the strength of the interface without compromising its ductility and toughness. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:761–770, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

A microscopic analysis of the effects of root surface scaling with different power parameters of er,cr:YSGG laser

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different power parameters of an Erbium, Cromium: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnet laser (Er,Cr:YSGG laser) on the morphology, attachment of blood components (ABC), roughness, and wear on irradiated root surfaces. Sixty‐five incisive bovine teeth were used in this study, 35 of which were used for the analysis of root surface morphology and ABC. The remaining 30 teeth were used for roughness and root wear analysis. The samples were randomly allocated into seven groups: G1: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 0.5 W; G2: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 1.0 W; G3: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 1.5 W; G4: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 2.0 W; G5: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 2.5 W; G6: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 3.0 W; G7: scaling and root planning (SRP) with manual curettes. The root surfaces irradiated by Er,Cr:YSGG at 1.0 W and scaling with manual curettes presented the highest degrees of ABC. The samples irradiated by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser were rougher than the samples treated by the manual curette, and increasing the laser power parameters caused more root wear and greater roughness on the root surface. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser is safe to use for periodontal treatment, but it is not appropriate to use irradiation greater than 1.0 W for this purpose. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:529–535, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

新型环保润滑油配方的研制

研制了一种新型环保润滑油.该润滑油由表面活性剂、促进剂、纳米粒子、500SN基础油组成,具有极压性能高、抗磨减摩性能好、保护环境、制作简单等特点.其活性剂与促进剂的配方为:(吐温-60∶司本-20∶司本-80=2∶1∶1)∶聚醚=4∶3;纳米粒子配方为:W(Cu)∶W(CaCO3)=1∶1,W(Cu CaCO3)%=0.6%.     

Analysis of specific lipid metabolites in cord blood of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

This work aimed to clarify the interaction between the fetus and pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the lipid metabolomics analysis of the fetal umbilical cord blood of GDM patients and normal pregnant women were performed to screen out the specific lipid metabolites for pathogenesis of GDM. From 2019–2020, 21 patients with GDM and 22 normal pregnant women were enrolled in Hexian Memorial Hospital, Panyu District, Guangzhou. The general information such as weight, height, age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy were analyzed. Non-targeted metabonomic detection and analysis were performed in umbilical cord plasma using LC-MS method. The age, BMI, delivery methods, and infant weight were different between GDM and control. There were 167 lipid metabolites in umbilical cord blood associated with GDM. Among them, 158 upregulated and 9 downregulated in GDM. There were 13 dysregulated metabolites with C < 30, including Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines LPC 16:0, 18:2, 18:1, 18:0, 20:4 and 22:6, glycerophosphocholines PC O-16:1, oleoylcarnitine CAR 18:2 and 18:1, dihexosylceramides Hex2Cer 13:0;2O, phosphatidylethanolamine PE O-22:6_2:0 and PE O-22:6_3:0 and sphingomyelin SM 8:0; 2O/11:0. Those metabolites were associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Therefore, Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines, glycerophosphocholines, oleoylcarnitine, dihexosylceramides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin were main lipid metabolites of GDM, which might be used for diagnosis and treatment of GDM.     

Miniaturized fibre‐top cantilevers on etched fibres

Fibre‐top probes are self‐aligned, all optical devices obtained by carving a cantilever on top of a 125‐m diameter single‐mode optical fibre. In this paper, we show that this design can be adapted to smaller fibres as well. We evaluated the performance of a 20‐m diameter probe in contact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) and that of a 50‐m diameter probe in nanoindentation measurements. AFM images proved to be accurate both in air and water, although some distortion was observed because of the mechanical bending of the fibre during scanning. Indentation curves resembled those obtained with larger devices. The maximum indentation depth, however, is limited by the small dimensions of the cantilever.     

1999年美国水射流技术扫描

介绍了美国水射流技术的发展概况,以供国内同行参考。     

研制蜂胶冻干粉的最佳工艺研究

本文探讨了以粗蜂胶为原料,研制蜂胶冻干粉的的工艺。结果表明:蜂胶冻干粉的工艺流程为粗蜂胶─→醇溶法提取─→赋形─→冻干─→冻干粉。最佳工艺条件为:(1)醇溶法提取蜂胶的最佳条件:固液比:1:25,乙醇溶液浓度75%,提取温度80℃,提取时间1.5h。(2)赋形剂为22%甘露醇,赋形的最佳条件为:22%甘露醇与4%的蜂胶乙醇溶液按76:24的比例混合。(3)冻干条件:预冻温度-74℃,预冻时间2小时,抽真空时间24小时,升温干燥20℃,升温干燥30分钟,冷阱温度为-52℃。在此条件下生产的蜂胶冻干粉的溶解度为87%,水分含量为0.93,总黄酮含量为0.49%。