双抗夹心ELISA方法检测食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌

采用0.5% 福尔马林灭活的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌作为免疫原免疫日本大耳兔,获得抗单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌多克隆抗体,并以此多克隆抗体作为捕获抗体,以抗单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌Internalin A(InlA)单克隆抗体作为检测抗体,建立快速、特异的检测该菌的双抗夹心ELISA 方法。结果表明：该方法对单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌纯培养液的最低检测量为1.7 × 105CFU/mL。在检测食品样品的实验中,食品样本对本方法干扰较小,运用选择性增菌液进行前增菌可提高该方法的准确性。     

荧光免疫层析法结合免疫磁珠分离技术快速检测单增李斯特菌

为建立单增李斯特菌简单快速、灵敏度高和特异性强的检测方法,本研究以抗单增李斯特菌单克隆抗体偶联磁珠制备免疫磁珠;以羧基荧光微球标记的抗单增李斯特菌多克隆抗体及鼠IgG为标记抗体,抗单增李斯特菌多克隆抗体和羊抗鼠二抗分别作为检测线和质控线制备荧光免疫层析试纸条。将免疫磁珠分离与荧光免疫层析法相结合应用于单增李斯特菌的现场快速检测中。结果表明:荧光免疫层析试纸条对纯培养单增李斯特菌的检测限为4×105CFU/mL,联合检测方法10倍、100倍浓缩时,检测限分别为4×104CFU/mL和1×104CFU/mL。联合检测体系特异性较好,与实验室保存的10株细菌无交叉反应。人工污染样本检测限为1×104CFU/mL,同纯培养物相比检测灵敏度并没有降低。本方法的建立对于食品中单增李斯特菌的现场快速检测具有重要意义。     

食品中单核细胞增生单核细胞增生李斯特菌的重组酶聚合酶扩增检测方法的建立

目的 建立食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)检测体系。方法 针对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的特异性基因hlyA,筛选出一组特异性强且高效的引物,建立单核细胞增生李斯特菌的RPA检测体系,并进行特异性、灵敏度检测。结果 建立的RPA方法在37 ℃恒温反应仅需30 min,能够特异地检测单核细胞增生李斯特菌,最低模板浓度可低至0.5 ng/μL。人工染菌试验显示,该RPA体系可以有效扩增出每2.5 g样品中人工染菌10⁴ CFU样品中的单核细胞增生李斯特菌。结论 RPA等温扩增方法特异较强、灵敏度较高,具有操作简便、不需要昂贵仪器、常温进行扩增反应等优点,适用于现场检测以及在基层实验室推广应用。     

五种致病菌流式液相芯片检测方法的建立

用DNAStar软件对GenBank中沙门氏菌的侵袭蛋白invA基因、单增李斯特菌的Hly基因、金黄色葡萄球菌的sa442基因、霍乱弧菌的hlyA基因、副溶血弧菌toxR基因进行序列分析,设计针对这些基因的特异性探针和引物,并标记生物素、探针,分别与不同编号的荧光编码微球偶联后再与相应的PCR产物杂交反应,用液相芯片检测仪(Liquichip 200)检测荧光信号,建立沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、霍乱弧菌、副溶血弧菌的快速液相芯片检测方法。检测结果显示,该方法具有较好的特异性,偶联特异性探针的微球只与相应的病菌基因的PCR产物反应,检测灵敏度达到50~100copies/mL。该方法的建立为其它致病细菌和病毒的快速高通量检测提供了借鉴和经验。     

一种新型玉米赤霉烯酮的定量检测方法

采用间接竞争法原理和液相芯片技术平台,选用玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体(Monoclonal Anti-ZEN)对玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)定量检测方法进行探索。将ZEN-BSA与36﹟微球偶联,同时加入待检的游离的ZEN小分子和其标记有生物素的ZEN单克隆抗体,偶联抗原和目标抗原竞争结合生物素标记抗体,通过报告分子SA-PE在532 nm波长的激光下,即可检测出报告分子发出的荧光强度,荧光强度与待检ZEN的量成反比。该研究优化了液相反应体系中ZEN单克隆抗浓度、确定了ZEN单抗临界饱和浓度以及抗原抗体最佳孵育时间,其中ZEN单抗临界饱和浓度为2.0μg/mL,偶联抗原和抗体最佳孵育时间为3h。研究所建立的ZEN液相芯片定量检测方法,以国际通用的IC50作为衡量标准,其检测灵敏度为0.005 4μg/mL,线性范围为0.000 8～0.04μg/mL。应用该方法对脱脂牛奶和全脂牛奶进行加标回收检测,平均回收率均大于75%。该方法简化了样品的纯化和分离步骤,经过实际样品的检测,证明方法灵敏、稳定、快速、简便,适用于大量样本的检测。     

食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌微滴数字PCR定量检测方法建立

目的 建立食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌的微滴式数字聚合酶链式反应（ddPCR）快速定量检测方法。方法 筛选单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌的特异性引物和探针,通过对目标菌纯菌液及人工污染样品的检测,比较ddPCR方法和平板计数法的定值效果,对ddPCR结果进行特异性、灵敏性和重复性分析。结果 本研究建立的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌ddPCR检测方法具有良好的特异性、灵敏性和重复性。单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌纯菌液中定量限（LOQ）和检出限（LOD）均为136 CFU/mL,在鱿鱼圈和香肠样品中定量限分别为240 CFU/g和155 CFU/g。ddPCR在各梯度水平上变异系数均小于25%,ddPCR和平板计数定值对数值相对偏差均小于30%。结论 本研究建立的ddPCR方法能够快速、准确、灵敏、特异地定量检测食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌。     

应用可视芯片技术检测食品中常见致病菌的方法研究

利用特异性引物进行PCR扩增,并利用固定于可视芯片的特异探针与扩增产物进行杂交反应加以鉴定。利用可视芯片技术可以准确的检出沙门氏菌属和金黄色葡萄球、小肠结核肠炎耶尔森氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌3种食品中常见致病菌,检测灵敏度可达8.5×101cfu/mL。利用可视芯片准确灵敏使用便捷的优点,建立了食品中常见致病菌鉴定方法,为食源性致病菌检测提供了一项快速有效的方法。     

基于微间隙生物芯片检测单核细胞增生李斯特菌

目的建立一种可快速检测食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的方法。方法以微间隙生物芯片阵列电极为基础电极,采用双抗夹心酶联免疫反应,结合酶的生物催化银沉淀反应,放大电化学分析信号,用于单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检测。结果该方法特异性好,对其他菌株无交叉反应。单核细胞增生李斯特菌在10~5~10~8 CFU/m L浓度范围内变化时,电导与菌浓度成线性关系(R~2=0.993),最低检出限为105 CFU/mL。结论该方法具有灵敏度高、检测时间短、特异性好等优点,在食品检测中有较好的应用价值。     

可视化跨越式滚环扩增技术检测食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌

建立一种新型的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌检测方法,即通过可视化跨越式滚环等温扩增（saltatory rolling circle amplification,SRCA）技术检测单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌。根据单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌hlyA基因序列设计引物,进行特异性验证,对灵敏度和人工污染样品的检出限进行测定。通过检测70?种实际食品样品对SRCA方法的敏感性、特异性和符合率进行评价。结果表明：所有单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌呈阳性结果,非单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌呈阴性结果,说明该方法特异性良好。SRCA方法的灵敏度为8.9×100?fg/μL,是传统聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）方法的1?000?倍,检出限为2.8×100?CFU/g,是传统PCR方法的1/1?000。在实际样品的检测中,SRCA方法与GB?4789.30—2016《食品微生物学检验?单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌》方法进行比较,其敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为100%、97.01%和97.14%。可视化SRCA技术具有操作简便、设备简单、特异性强、灵敏度高、检出限低、检测成本低等优点,适合在基层单位和中小型食品企业中推广应用。     

食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌DNA环介导恒温扩增快速检测方法的建立

基于单核细胞增生李斯特菌胞壁质水解酶iap基因,设计两对特异性引物,利用DNA环介导恒温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)技术,以扩增副产物焦磷酸镁实时浊度为判定标准,建立食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌LAMP快速检测方法。结果显示,本LAMP方法特异性强,经过对29株细菌进行检测,所试单核细胞增生李斯特菌均为LAMP阳性,其他菌株为阴性;本LAMP方法对单核细胞增生李斯特菌纯培养菌的检测灵敏度为8CFU/管,对污染食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检测灵敏度为12CFU/管。本研究建立的LAMP检测方法简便快速、结果判断直观。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the