保健酒中萘普生免疫学检测方法的建立

萘普生是疗效显著但有一定副作用的非甾体抗炎药物,近期频繁发现不法生产者在抗风湿保健酒中添加萘普生增加治疗效果,这种现象对消费者健康构成威胁。为了究建立快速检测萘普生的免疫学方法, 本文以活泼酯法将萘普生分别连接到BSA制备免疫抗原,连接到OVA上制备检测抗原。用免疫抗原免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,配合检测抗原经条件优化建立竞争抑制酶联免疫吸附检测方法。实验结果表明,检测体系IC50值为23.0 ng/mL,最低检测限为3.1 ng/mL,检测保健酒中萘普生加标回收率在87.3~102.1%,变异系数小于8.9%,与8种相关药物交叉反应率都小于0.05%。且与用ELISA方法与HPLC检测市售保健酒,1例阳性和19例阴性结果全部吻合。因此,本文所建立的免疫学检测萘普生的实验方法,具有高灵敏度和特异性,能够满足保健酒萘普生快速筛选的需要。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定卤菜中的蒂巴因

建立一种快速、高效测定卤菜中的蒂巴因的固相萃取-高效液相色谱方法。样品前处理采用乙腈-水溶剂提取,经固相萃取柱净化后检测。以乙腈-0.01%三乙胺水溶液(70∶30, V/V)作为流动相,用荧光检测器检测,外标法峰面积定量。结果表明,蒂巴因在0.5～50.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2为0.999 9,检出限为0.20μg/kg,定量限为0.60μg/kg,在1.0, 10.0和50.0μg/kg三个添加水平进行加标回收试验(n=5),加标回收率达到91.5%～94.2%。该方法具有前处理简单、净化效果好、灵敏度高和检测速度快的优点,适用于卤菜样品中蒂巴因的分离和定量检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测保健食品中25种非甾体类抗炎药

目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)分析保健食品中25种非法添加非甾体类抗炎药的分析方法。方法 保健食品固体试样经甲醇超声提取, 液体试样经水-甲醇萃取来提取, 经液相色谱柱分离后, 在多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式下测进行25种非甾体类抗炎药含量的测定, 外标法定量。结果 25种非甾体抗炎药在1~500 ng/mL范围内呈现良好线性关系, 相关系数均大于0.99, 方法检出限为1.5~2.0 μg/kg, 定量限为5.0~6.0 μg/kg, 6.0、12.0和60.0 μg/kg 3个水平平均加标回收率为80.0%~108.2%, 相对标准偏差为6.4%~9.9% (n=6)。结论 该方法针对保健食品基质, 对固体和液体样品分别采取超声萃取和液液直接萃取的提取方式, 操作简便、节约成本、专属性强且灵敏度、回收率高, 满足保健食品中非甾体类抗炎药的检测。     

高效液相色谱同时测定葡萄酒中合成色素

建立高效液相色谱法同时测定葡萄酒中柠檬黄、苋菜红和胭脂红3种人工合成色素的方法。样品经固相萃取后,采用Eclipse XDB-C18(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm i.d)反相色谱柱分离,以0.03 mol/L乙酸铵-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温45℃,流速0.8 m L/min,进样量10μL,采用二极管阵列检测器进行检测。检测波长分别为230、425、515 nm。以目标物的色谱保留时间进行定性,以色谱峰的峰面积用标准曲线外标法进行定量。在优化的色谱条件下,3种色素的线性范围为0~100(μg/m L),相关系数均大于0.999。以S/N=3确定各检出限,柠檬黄、苋菜红和胭脂红的检出限分别为0.53、0.64、0.80μg/L,定量限为1.77μg/L~2.67μg/L(S/N=10)。各目标物的加标回收率为89.30%~103.93%,相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=6)。方法准确、快速、灵敏,适用于葡萄酒中非法添加合成色素的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法检测火锅底料中罂粟壳

研究建立火锅底料中非法添加罂粟壳的液相色谱-串联质谱测定法。采用水提取,乙腈和无水醋酸钠萃取罂粟壳中的生物碱分,液质联用进行检测,采用色谱柱SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK CR1∶4(5μm,2.0×150 mm)色谱分离,流动相为乙酸铵:乙腈(50∶50),0.5%甲酸为A相,乙腈为流动相B相。该方法的检出限为1 ng/mL,方法定量下限吗啡为37μg/kg,可待因、罂粟碱、蒂巴因和那可丁为1μg/kg,线性范围为1 ng/m～40 ng/mL,加标回收率64.2%～101.1%。该方法测定火锅底料罂粟碱中吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因5种生物碱的含量快速、准确,适合于火锅调味料食品中罂粟壳的检测。     

超高效液相色谱法测定米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量

目的建立超高效液相色谱法测定米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量。方法使用超高效液相色谱法进行测定,色谱条件为:色谱柱:Waters C_(18)(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相:水-甲醇(90:10,V:V),流速:0.3 m L/min,检测波长:275 nm,柱温:30℃。结果偶氮甲酰胺的色谱峰形对称,并能与其他物质完全分离;在14.98~149.8 ng范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9991(n=6);方法检出限为0.5μg/g,方法定量限为1.6μg/g,平均加标回收率为98.0%,相对标准偏差3.5%(n=3)。结论该方法前处理简单、快速,定量准确,灵敏度高,可用于检测米豆腐中偶氮甲酰胺含量。     

高效液相色谱法检测运动食品中的丙二醛

建立一种快速、有效的高效液相色谱法测定运动食品中丙二醛的方法。样品经三氯乙酸混合提取液提取后,与TBA在90℃温度下衍生20 min。以乙酸铵(20 mmol/L)-乙腈(30∶70,V/V)作为流动相,用荧光检测器检测,外标法峰面积定量。结果表明,丙二醛标液在0.1~4.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r~2为0.999 2,检出限为0.02 mg/kg,定量限为0.06 mg/kg。加标回收率的添加浓度为1.0,5.0和10.0 mg/kg,加标回收率达到90.4%~93.1%(n=5)。通过模拟样品酸败的过程,与过氧化值相比,丙二醛值更能反应样品的氧化程度。     

液液萃取-气质联用法测定食用植物油中的敌草快含量

建立了食用植物油中敌草快含量的液液萃取-气质联用测定方法。样品以水为提取溶剂,用硼氢化钠还原,正己烷萃取还原产物,气相色谱串联质谱法测定。结果表明:采用m/z 108作为定量离子,在0.20~10μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(Y=266.5X-3 326.98,r=0.999 7);在不同添加水平下,菜籽油、大豆油、玉米油的加标回收率在90.6%~93.8%之间,相对标准偏差为0.25%~3.01%。该方法简便准确,可用于食用植物油中敌草快含量的测定。     

运动营养品中肌酸的检测

建立一种快速、有效的高效液相色谱法测定运动营养品中肌酸的方法。样品经乙腈提取液提取后,用WAX小柱对目标物进行富集净化。以水-甲醇(V∶V,90∶10)作为流动相,二极管阵列检测器在200 nm的波长下检测,外标法定量目标化合物。结果表明,肌酸标液在1.0~50.0μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r2为0.999 6,检出限为0.14 mg/kg,定量限为0.47 mg/kg。加标试验中,添加10,50.0和100.0 mg/kg等3个梯度的标准溶液,加标回收率达到91.7%~93.5%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~3.2%(n=6)。     

分子印迹固相萃取超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉及猪肝中14种非甾体抗炎药残留量

建立了一种基于分子印迹固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉及猪肝中14种非甾体抗炎药的测定方法。样品经10 mmol/L p H3.0甲酸铵缓冲液提取2次,合并提取液经正己烷除脂后,使用分子印迹固相萃取柱进行净化。待测化合物经BEH C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈-5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离,正负离子切换模式下使用多反应监测扫描,基质加标曲线定量。14种非甾体抗炎药在0.25~50μg/L的范围内线性关系良好,检出限和定量限分别为0.1~2μg/kg和0.25~5μg/kg。在猪肉、猪肝中的3个添加水平下,平均回收率为73.2%~110.7%,相对标准偏差1.0%~9.7%。该方法灵敏度、精密度、准确性均满足兽药残留检测的要求,适用于非甾体抗炎药多组分残留检测。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the