稀土对水稻种子活力及抗重金属污染的影响

水稻种子经稀土元素La或Ce处理后,发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗生长速度、活力指数都明显增加,田间的生长速度、产量甚至品质也显著提高,收获的籽粒中重金属Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb含量大幅降低,从而全面提高了种子活力。     

Effects of Rare Earth Elements on Vigor Enhancement of Aged Spinach Seeds

Inthe 1 970s ,asakindofmicroelementfertilizerinagriculture ,rareearthelements (REEs)wereusedtoachieveanotablecropyieldinChina[1～ 3] .Alargenumberofexperimentsindicatedthatthegerminationrateandvigorofseedswereincreasedbythetreatmentwithrareearthelements ,andthegrowthofseedlingswasalsopromoted .Hongetal.provedthatsoakingseedswithLa3+ ,andCe3+ couldacceleratetheger minationofriceseeds ,greatlypromoteseedvigor ,in creasetherespirationofgerminatedseeds ,obviouslyactivatesomehydrolyticenzymessuch…     

硝酸铈对水稻种子活力和萌发期间酶活性的影响

用２．５～３０ｍｇ／ＬＣｅ（ＮＯ３）３浸泡水稻种子能明显提高稻种的活力，促进幼苗的生长。这与Ｃｅ提高稻种萌发期间的呼吸速率、增加淀粉酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶等水解酶的活性有密切关系。其中用１０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度的Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）３浸种效果最好。当浓度超过５０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，种子的萌发、呼吸作用及三种酶的活性均受到抑制。     

Control effect of lanthanum against plant disease

Effect of La on emergence, growth and development of Isatis indigotica Fort. and Festuca arundinacea seedlings was researched by pot experiments of inoculating Rhizoctonia solani and with the mixture ofRhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani in disinfected soil after the seeds were soaked in the solution with different concentrations of La^3＋. The results indicated that infection rate decreased and there were significant disease controlling effects on seed rot, bud rot and root rot caused by pathogenic fungi when the seeds were soaked by La^3＋. Thus, the rates of emergence of Isatis indigotica Fort. and turfgrass Festuca arundinacea were increased, When La^3＋ concentration was in a proper range, the growth and development of plant seed/ings were promoted. Spraying La on rice plants showed a significant controling effect on Rhizoctonia solani. Furthermore, the EC50 of La^3＋performed 128.7 and 128.1 mg/L at 1 and 7 d after spraying La in rice plants, respectively. The EC50 of La^3＋ performed in vivo （in rice plant） was lower than that in vitro （171.9 mg/L）.     

稀土元素对水稻种子萌发活力、吸水量和膜透性的影响

本文研究了混合稀土浸种对水稻种子的种子活力、吸水量和膜透性的影响 ,并为后续工作确定了最佳浸种浓度。     

Effects of La^3＋ on ATPase Activities of Plasma Membrane Vesicles Isolated from Casuarina Equisetifolia Seedlings under Acid Rain Stress

Asamainkindofmembranetransporter ,plasmamembraneATPasesfacilitatethetransportofminerals ,sugars,metabolites ,andothercompoundsacrossthemembraneofthecells ,onlybywhichcouldplantcellscommunicatewithenvironmenttotransfersubstanceandinformation ,whichisessentialforplantgrowthandcellularhomeostasis[1] .Astheexperimentmateri als ,thehighlypurifiedplasmamembranevesiclesfromCasuarinaequisetifoliaseedlingscultivatedunderartificialacidrainstress ,wereisolatedbyaqueoustwo-phasepartitioningmethods .Thest…     

稀土浸种对油菜种子萌发及种苗生长的生物效应

浓度低于（８００μｇ／ｍＬ）稀土可促进油菜种子萌发的启动。使用浓度为１００μｇ／ｍＬ,１２小时计数其发芽率为２５％,对照为１２％。但浓度高于１０００μｇ／ｍＬ时,会明显抑制萌发。处理浓度低于８００μｇ／ｍＬ时,稀土浸种对油菜种苗根系的生长有明显促进作用。表现为根长、根鲜重增加,根系活力和幼根内源激素—ＧＡｓ、ＩＡＡ含量都得到提高。幼苗子叶中叶绿素含量提高。高浓度（＞１０００μｇ／ｍＬ）对幼苗生长会有抑制作用,正常苗的百分比下降。     

Effect of La3+ on seed germination and seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of La³⁺ solution on seed germination and seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Different concentrations of La³⁺ were used on seed by soaking treated to determine which concentration is the most suitable for the growth of S. miltiorrhiza. Results show that the low concentration of La³⁺ displays the promotion effect on S. miltiorrhiza seed germination rate and germination potential, and the promotion effect reaches the highest level when the concentration of La³⁺ solution is 30 mg/L, the germination index and vigor index are the highest in 20 mg/L, and it can also increase the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and chlorophyll. Meanwhile, the activity of antioxidant enzyme system (CAT and SOD) are improved, thus the photosynthesis and resistance of plant are enhanced. On the contrary, when the La³⁺ concentration is high, La³⁺ can inhibit plant growth. Thus La³⁺ displays the "homesis effect" on S. miltiorrhiza growth.     

Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 expression modulates endothelial cell migration in vitro

Arabidopsis thaliana seeds imbibed for a short duration show phytochrome B (PhyB)-specific photo-induction of germination. Using this system, the relationship was determined between the amount of PhyB in seeds and photon energy required for PhyB-specific germination in two transgenic Arabidopsis lines transformed with either the Arabidopsis PhyB cDNA (ABO) or the rice PhyB cDNA (RBO). Immunochemical detection of PhyB apoprotein (PHYB) showed that the expression level of PHYB in ABO seeds was at least two times higher than that in the wild-type seeds, but in RBO seeds the PHYB level was indistinguishable from that in wild-type seeds. The photon fluence required for induction and photoreversible inhibition of germination was examined using the Okazaki large spectrograph. At the wavelengths of 400-710 nm, the ABO seeds required significantly less photon fluence than wild-type seeds for induction of germination, whereas the RBO seeds required similar fluence to wild-type seeds. A critical threshold wavelength for either induction or inhibition of germination of ABO seeds shifted towards the longer wavelengths relative to wild-type seeds. By assuming that PhyA and PhyB are similar in their photochemical parameters, amounts of Pfr at each wavelength were calculated. The photon fluence required for 50% germination was equivalent to the fluence generating a Pfr/Ptot ratio of 0.21-0.43 in wild-type seeds, and of 0.035-0.056 in ABO seeds. These results indicate that PhyB-specific seed germination is not strictly a function of the Pfr/Ptot ratio, but is probably a function of the absolute Pfr concentration.     

Nitric Oxide Alleviates Oxidative Stress Caused by Lanthanum in Rice Leaves

The effect of NO on lanthanum-induced antioxidant activities in rice was evaluated. The results showed that the uptake and translocation of La from root to shoot were obviously inhibited by 10μmol·L^-1 sodium nitropmsside （SNP）, a donor of NO, in the seedlings grown in Mura B nutrient solution with 100μmol·L^-1 La. Although the content of ascorbate acid （AsA） were scarcely affected by La or NO in our experiment, La decreased significantly the activity of SOD and content of GSH, while promoted H202 content in leaves. Furthermore, NO blocked these La effects. Taken together, the results suggested that NO relieved La toxicity in rice. A possible role for NO effects on antioxidant activity was discussed.     

Mapping of Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins in Maturing and Germinating Arabidopsis Seeds Reveals Dual Localization of Embryonic TIPS to the Tonoplast and Plasma Membrane

We have mapped the expression of the tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP) gene family members in Arabidopsis seeds by fluorescent protein tagging of their genomic sequences and confocal microscopy. Three isoforms (TIP1;1, TIP2;1,and TIP2;2) have distinct patterns of expression in maternal tissues (outer integument and placento-chalazal region). Two isoforms, TIP3;1 and the previously uncharacterized TIP3;2, are the only detectable TIPS in embryos during seed maturation and the early stages of seed germination. Throughout these developmental stages, both isoforms co-locate to the tonoplast of the protein storage vacuoles, but also appear to label the plasma membrane. Plasma membrane labeling is specific to TIP3;1 and TIP3;2, is independent of the position of the fluorescent protein tag, and appears to be specific to early seed maturation and early germination stages. We discuss these results in the context of the predicted distribution of aquaporins in Arabidopsis seeds.     

Effects of Lanthanum on Redox Systems in Plasma Membranes of Casuarina equisetifolia Seedlings Under Acid Rain Stress

Theplasmamembraneisapenetrablebarrier ,whichcancontroltheexchangeofsubstancesacrossmembranesincells ,andalsoistheintermediumandreceptorofenergyorinformationtransferencebetweencellsandenvironment.Theplasmamembraneredoxsystem(PMRS)meanstheelectrontransferchainsonplasmamembrane .Owingtohavethepossibilityofejectingprotons ,energizingplasmamembraneandhavingthefunctionofacceleratingtransportationofsoluteacrossmembrane ,theplasmamembraneredoxsystemswerepaidmuchattentionto[1] .Acidrainisoneofthemost…     

Efficacy of chlorine and calcinated calcium treatment of alfalfa seeds and sprouts to eliminate Salmonella

The efficacy of a 20,000 ppm calcium hypochlorite treatment of alfalfa seeds artificially contaminated with Salmonella was studied. Salmonella populations reached >7.0 log on sprouts grown from seeds artificially contaminated with Salmonella and then treated with 20,000 ppm Ca(OCl)(2). The efficacy of spray application of chlorine (100 ppm) to eliminate Salmonella during germination and growth of alfalfa was assessed. Alfalfa seed artificially contaminated with Salmonella was treated at germination, on day 2 or day 4, or for the duration of the growth period. Spray application of 100 ppm chlorine at germination, day 2, or day 4 of growth was minimally effective resulting in approximately a 0.5-log decrease in population of Salmonella. Treatment on each of the 4 days of growth reduced populations of Salmonella by only 1.5 log. Combined treatment of seeds with 20,000 ppm Ca(OCl)(2) and followed by 100 ppm chlorine or calcinated calcium during germination and sprout growth did not eliminate Salmonella.     

镧的不同化合物对金属胎体/金刚石复合材料粘结性能的影响

在本文中 ,以不同化合物形式 (LaNi5 、La2 O3、La(NO3) 3)将稀土元素镧加入到铜基金属胎体中 ,测试了金属胎体 /金刚石复合材料的抗弯强度和粘结性能。研究表明 ,加入适量的LaNi5 可显著提高复合材料的强度和粘结性能 ;La2 O3对复合材料的强度和粘结性能影响不大 ;La(NO3) 3使得复合材料的强度和粘结性能显著降低。并对各化合物产生不同作用的机理进行了探讨。     

Effect of Moisture Content on Melilotus suaveolens Seed Quality During Ultra-drying Storage

In order to enhance the seed storability and supply high-quality seeds for vegetation restoration in the arid and semi-arid regions in Northwest China, the effects of ultra-drying and accelerated aging on the physiological characterstics of Melilotus suaveolens seeds were studied. Melilotus suaveolens seeds were dried in a desiccator containing silica gel to 80, 53, 42, 33, 23 and 16g·kg<'-1> of moisture contents (MC), respectively. The parameters of the seed quality including germination energy (GE), germination percentage (GP), relative conductivity (RC), dehydrogenase activity (DA) and a-amylase activity (AA) were determined afier ultra-drying and accelerated aging. The results showed that ultra-dried seeds with 42 g,kg-1 of MC showed the minimum changes of GE and GP before and after seed aging. Moreover, ultra-dry seeds with 42 g·kg<'-1> of MC showed higher DA and AA, and lower RC than non-ultra-drying seeds. Therefore, ultra-drying to 42 g·kg<'-1> of MC was helpful for M. Suaveolens seed storage.     

Synthesis of Nanocrystalline La1-xSrxCrO3 by Sol-Gel Method

The nanocrystalline La1-xSrxCrO3 was prepared by sol-gel method using La( NO3 )3 · 6H2O, Sr( NO3 )2 and respectively. The phase transformation from dry-gel to crystal was investigated by means of TG, DSC and XRD. Influences of temperature and Sr quantity on particle-diameters were observed by HREM. The experimental results show that the best calcined temperature is near 800 ℃. The particle-diameters decrease with the increase of Sr quantity. The chromite phase formed continuously during crystallization process, which is mainly composed of four steps: ( 1 ) Carbonates first formed by decomposing metal citrates. (2) The decomposition of carbonates occurred metal oxides. (3) La0. 9Sr0.1 CrO4 were synthesized by the reaction of metal oxides. (4) Chromite phase formed lastly due to the decomposition of chromate phase.     

Overview of otolaryngic allergy management. An eclectic and cost-effective approach

In this paper, we studied three species of prosimian primate (Propithecus diadema edwardsi, Eulemur fulvus rufus, and Eulemur rubriventer) from June-July 1995 at the Ranomafana National Park to answer three questions: 1) how they handle and process seeds, 2) how the physical properties of seeds influence seed handling and seed fate, and 3) whether handling and processing patterns influence seed dispersal. Seeds from five plant species were collected from feces and examined for external damage (punctures and scrapes), weighed, measured, and checked daily for germination. P. d. edwardsi masticated seeds into two or more pieces while feeding. Seed fragments were either dropped under the parent tree or chewed and swallowed; seeds never emerged as recognizable units in feces. In contrast, both Eulemur species either dropped or swallowed seeds whole while feeding. E. rubriventer passed seeds that were longer, wider, and heavier than seeds passed by E.f. rufus. Although seeds emerged as separate units when passed by both Eulemur species, 65 Protorhus sp. seeds were scraped and/or punctured prior to being swallowed. Based on physical property tests, Protorhus seeds were more susceptible to mastication than undamaged seeds from Eugenia sp., Cissus sp., and Chrysophyllum madagascariensis. H. madagascariensis seeds also were undamaged but had physical properties comparable to Protorhus and may avoid being masticated due to their small size (2-3 mm). All damaged seeds were moldy or rotten within 6 days, and only 15% of the undamaged seeds passed by E. rubriventer germinated. None of the seeds passed by E.f. rufus germinated. Eulemur species also rested in the same tree after feeding and defecated prior to a new feeding bout or before moving, so seeds were most likely to be dispersed under the parent tree. Consequently, we concluded that these primate species do not appear to serve as effective seed dispersers for these plant species at this time of year.     

Influence of Lanthanum on Phosphorus Uptake and Its Chemical Fractions in Rice Crop （Oryza Sativa）

Plantgrowthisrelatednotonlytothetotalphos phoruscontentinplantbutalsotoitschemicalfrac tions .Someresearchersbelievedthatdifferentchemi calfractionsplayeddifferentrolesinplantgrowth ,andthatplantwithlowerinorganic Pcontenthashigherphosphorusmetabolicpotential[1] .Wang[2 ] foundrareearthelements nitrateincreasesphosphorusuptakebywheat (TritcumaestvicumL .)inHoaglandnutrientsolutionculture .Wahidetal .[3] showedthatrareearthelementsappliedinsoildecreasesphosphoruscontentofcoconutseedlings .Dia…