用JFCunit对GUI图形界面进行单元测试

Junit是现在软件开发过程中最常用的单元测试工具，它为软件的自动化单元测试实现提供了一个理想的测试框架，它主要是针对功能性代码的测试。WCunit是基于Junit扩展而来，专门用来解决GUI图形界面单元测试的问题。本文先简要介绍了Junit和WCunit的基本框架，然后对JFCunit和Junit的特点进行比较，分析了JFcunit的适用范围以及使用JFCunit的好处；最后以一个简单实例阐述了使用WCunit进行GUI图形界面单元测试的一般方式。     

Response to Letter to the Editor

Sir, Response to ‘Are all photon radiations similar in largeabsorbers?—A comparison of electron spectra’ byA. M. Kellerer and H. Roos When the ICRP adopted a quality factor—and subsequentlya radiation weighting factor—that gives equal weight todifferent photon radiations, it did not, necessarily imply thatequal     

Combining make to order and make to stock

In inventory control and production planning one is tempted to use one of two strategies: produce all demand to stock or produce all demand to order. The disadvantages are well-known. In the make everything to order case (MTO) the response times may become quite long if the load is high, in the make everything to stock case (MTS) one gets an enormous inventory if the number of different products is large.In this paper we study two simple models which combine MTO and MTS, and investigate the effect of combining MTO and MTS on the production lead times.     

Optimal reconfiguration policy to react to product changes

The increasing frequency of product and process modifications may significantly undermine the profitability of those production systems that are designed only on the basis of the current product requirements and eventually on the expectations of future variations of the market volumes. Indeed, the product typically evolves during its life cycle, by changing its technological characteristics and therefore its requirements on the production system. As a consequence, the production system may be forced to run in an inefficient and costly manner because it is no longer consistent with the modified product. This paper describes the reconfiguration problem of production systems and proposes the optimal reconfiguration policy to react to product changes, on uniformly distributed market demand and uniformly distributed technological requirements. A numerical case based on a real problem supports the applicability of the proposed reconfiguration policy.     

Perfluoroelastomer seals bond to metal to save space

Lengthy research and field testing has enabled Busak+Shamban to successfully bond perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) seals to metal, offering major performance advantages for chemical and other process industries.Visit www.worldpumps.com for the latest pump industry news     

Simulation to reallocate supply to committed orders under shortage

This article aims to deal with the reallocating supply problem in both its real and planned contexts, to orders that result from the order promising process under shortage. To this end, we propose a system dynamics-based simulation model to facilitate modelling for order managers, and to provide a graphic support tool to understand the process and to make decisions. The basis of the simulation model’s structure is a mixed-integer linear programming approach that intends to maximise profits by considering the possibility of making partial and delayed deliveries. To illustrate this, we consider a real-world problem from the ceramic sector that contemplates 35 orders. We obtained a solution by a mathematical programming model and a simulation model. The results show the simulation model’s capacity to obtain near-optimum results, and to provide a simulated history of the system.     

When to separate uncertainties and when not to separate

A simple introductory example illustrates when to separate and when not to. The underlying principle is shown to also hold in situations of practical relevance. For several such situations it is discussed when, why and how to separate uncertainties. It is also pointed out how the outcome of this separation is used in practice.Subsequently the relation to the terms ‘epistemic’ and ‘aleatory’ is briefly explained.     

BOPET薄膜加工中低聚物的产生和防止

本文介绍了聚酯低分子聚合物产生的原因,对BOPET薄膜性能和加工的影响,如何减少在BOPET薄膜加工中的低分子聚合物。     

Application of direct electrospray probe to analyze biological compounds and to couple to solid-phase microextraction to detect trace surfactants in aqueous solution

This work presents two novel direct electrospray probes (DEP) to generate an electrospray without using a capillary and/or syringe pump. One of the DEPs is simply a copper coil connecting to a high-voltage power supply. The sample solution is deposited on the coil by a micropipet and the electrospray is subsequently generated at the tip of the copper coil after high voltage is applied to it. Another DEP is constructed by inserting two parallel optical fibers through the copper coil. The two fibers extend one end of the copper coil by 1 cm. Electrospray is generated at the tip of the fibers through the solution predeposited on the copper coil as the high voltage is applied on the copper coil. The ES mass spectra of myoglobin in liquid or solid phases can be obtained using this DEP-MS. Coupling the DEP to a solid-phase microextraction fiber is extremely easy, and a trace amount (in ppb range) of surfactants (Triton X-100) in the aqueous solution are selectively concentrated and detected.     

Using Simulation to Teach Negotiation Processes to Environmental Engineers

This paper reports on a simulation exercise used to teach engineers about negotiation in the context of hazardous waste site cleanups. In contrast to traditional approaches, which emphasize technical aspects of hazardous waste management, our simulation approach emphasizes the influence that personality characteristics and negotiating styles have on outcomes in the site cleanup process. In addition to describing the site cleanup process and the simulation exercise, the paper discusses results of running the simulation in classes at Stanford University and the effectiveness of the simulation approach.     

Factors to evaluate a patent in addition to citations

The emergence of patent citations as a tool for patent estimation has been subjected to equally vocal champions and critics. In additional to patent citation, this article aims to contribute other factors, including court decisions, claim language, extension cases, patent family and portfolio, which should be deliberated during patent evaluation. It introduces the subject-matter by discussing the specialties and peculiarities of these proposed factors. Furthermore, comparisons between the patent citations and these factors are presented by illustrating several well-known patents. The results of the comparisons reveal that an adverse conclusion might be drawn if a patent is estimated only based on citations. The conclusion supports Meyer’s study that “the general nature of a common framework for both scientific and patent citations would severely limit its usefulness.” Therefore, those factors discussed in the article would be a great asset in patent evaluation. However, it only illustrates their impact on patent estimation using a couple well-known patents. Future research would be needed to investigate these factors in a more detailed manner.     

Putting nanocrystals to work: from solutions to devices

The colloidal route to semiconductor nanocrystals is extremely flexible, with a high degree of control over size, size distribution, surface passivation and internal structure of the nanoparticles. Simple chemically controlled techniques can be used to assemble these particles into dense films or other microscopic structures, suitable for photonic devices. Working with semiconductors or semi-metals which in the bulk form have low or inverted bandgaps, and taking advantage of the blue shift in the quantum confinement regime, nanocrystals can readily be tuned to the infrared wavelengths of interest for telecommunications. Design flexibility is far greater than with conventional compound semiconductors or rare-earth-doped glasses. Preliminary results demonstrating optical gain from II-VI nanocrystal films at room temperature are reported.     

Sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward and traffic violations

The aim of our study consists of contributing information on the relationship between the personality variables derived from Gray’s model and the conduct that accompanies the infringement of the road traffic rules. Seven hundred and ninety-two adults of both sexes took part in the study (389 men and 403 women), all of whom had driving licences and drove frequently. The subjects answered “The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire”, a scale of monotony avoidance, and two Likert scales of attitude and behaviour in connection with traffic violations.

We found a high positive relationship between attitude and behaviour, with the men infringing the rules more than the women. Hypotheses regarding a relationship between traffic offences and sensibility to reward and monotony avoidance were confirmed. Those people with high scores in sensitivity to punishment and low ones in sensitivity to reward were those who drove within the law, while those with low sensitivity to punishment and high sensitivity to reward were those who broke it more. Sensitivity to reward was a stronger determinant in encouraging infringement of the rules than was sensitivity to punishment in discouraging the subjects to do so.     

A mathematical model to optimize decisions to impact multi-attribute rankings

We formulate the problem of how to climb in multi-attribute rankings with known weights using mathematical optimization. A model is derived based on familiar practices used in rankings in higher education where several attributes are combined using known weights to obtain a score. The method applies in any situation where multiple attributes are used to rank entities. We invoke several assumptions such as independence among attributes and that administrators can affect the values of some of the attributes and know the cost of doing so. Our results suggest that a strategy to advance in the rankings is to focus on modifying the value of fewer rather than more attributes. The model is generalized to allow for synergies and antagonisms among the attributes.     

Un-jamming due to energetic instability: statics to dynamics

Granular Matter - A method to identify the parameters of rolling resistance between particles in the discrete element method is proposed in this paper. Experiments revealed that a free rolling...     

Faculty Reactions to Teaching Engineering Design to First Year Students

In 1993, as part of a major revision of our first year curriculum, the School of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Virginia introduced a new course on Engineering Design. In this paper, we will briefly describe this course, its purpose, goals, content, and methods. However, our primary purpose is to describe the reactions to this course among the faculty who have been called upon to teach it. We observed a high turnover rate among the faculty for this course and wanted to determine the reasons for it. A survey was distributed to all current and past instructors. The attitudes and backgrounds of these faculty influence their evaluations of this course and their willingness to teach it again.     

Graphene: from synthesis to engineering to biosensor applications

Graphene is a fascinating material of recent origin whose first isolation was being made possible through micromechanical cleavage of a graphite crystal. Owing to its fascinating properties, graphene has garnered significant attention in the research community for multiple applications. A number of methods have been employed for the synthesis of single-layer and multi-layer graphene. The extraordinary properties of graphene such as its Hall effect at room temperature, high surface area, tunable bandgap, high charge mobility and excellent electrical, conducting and thermal properties allow for the development of sensors of various types and also opened the doors for its use in nanoelectronics, supercapacitors and batteries. Biological aspects of graphene have also been investigated with particular emphasis on its toxicity and drug delivery. In this review, many of the salient aspects of graphene, such as from synthesis to its applications, primarily focusing on sensor applications which are of current interest, are covered.     

DC to daylight: using computer simulation to predictelectromagnetic fields

Over recent years the pressures put upon design engineers to produce new, better and cheaper `widgets” has steadily increased. The need for companies to remain competitive requires that products be designed better and often within shorter time scales. In some cases, laws have changed to require tighter restrictions on designs-such as electronic components and systems (electromagnetic compatibility). What many designers no not realise is that within a wide range of engineering and physics disciplines, effective computer tools exist to allow designs to be created and simulated, without the lengthy and expensive need for prototyping     

如何使用补偿式微压计进行压力检测

如何将补偿式微压计高度值换算成压力量值进行压力检测。