纳米晶铂钴永磁合金的研究进展

 介绍了铂钴永磁合金的相结构及磁性能,并分析了磁性能与相结构的关系;概述了铂钴合金的制备方法和其典型的永磁性能,对比了国内外铂钴永磁材料的研究进展情况。最新的研究结果表明,铂钴永磁材料为软磁相和硬磁相耦合的微结构,因此铂钴永磁合金为研究纳米晶交换耦合机理提供了一个理想的模型。     

Co／Nb复合添加对Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe纳米晶双相复合永磁体的影响

通过复合添加,采用熔体快淬法制备Nd8　Fe82　Co3　Nb1　B6纳米晶双相复合永磁体,研究了Co,Nb对合金微观组织及磁性能的影响.结果表明,合金元素Co/Nb的复合添加,可降低剩磁和矫顽力的温度系数,增强软、硬磁相的高温稳定性;其次,提高合金的非晶形成能力,在合金的晶化退火处理中促进晶粒细化,改善显微组织,增加两相晶粒间的铁磁交换耦合作用,有利于合金综合磁性能的提高,其最佳磁性能为Br＝1.14 T,Hcj＝320 kA·m-1,(BH)max＝109.3 kJ·m-3.     

显微组织对纳米复合永磁材料磁性能的影响的探讨

探讨了显微组织对纳米复合永磁材料的矫顽力、剩磁和最大磁能积的影响.得出了要同时得到良好的磁性能,须综合考虑晶粒尺寸和软磁性含量.设计纳米复合磁体的原则应该是:软磁相和硬磁相的晶粒尺寸分别控制在10 nm和20 nm左右,软磁性含量控制在30%~40%,而且两者之间充分交换耦合.     

Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米晶复合永磁材料的计算机模拟研究

采用计算机模拟的方法计算了 Nd2 Fe1 4B/α- Fe纳米晶复合永磁材料的磁性能 ,并对软磁相比例及不规则晶粒对磁性能的影响进行了研究。结果显示 ,当软磁相比例增加时 ,由于软磁相高的饱和磁极化强度以及软硬磁相间的交换耦合作用的影响 ,剩磁逐渐增加 ,但矫顽力则随着软磁相的增加而逐渐下降。不规则晶粒对磁体的剩磁基本没有影响 ,但降低矫顽力。     

高性能纳米晶镨铁硼稀土永磁材料的研究现状

讨论了合金成分及制备工艺与纳米晶复合永磁材料磁性能的关系,分析了稀土含量、添加合金化元素、快淬速度、晶化退火温度和时间对合金磁性能的影响机理,综述了纳米晶复合永磁材料开发研究的现状、存在问题及发展方向。     

NdFeB基纳米双相复合永磁材料研究进展

介绍了近年来NdFeB基纳米双相复合永磁材料的研究进展,主要从纳米复合双相材料的耦合机制和矫顽力机制等理论方面进行了总结,包括晶粒交换耦合作用、成核理论、钉扎理论、成分关系理论、自钉扎理论、晶体内部缺陷钉扎作用、脱溶相对主相晶粒钉扎作用等相关理论,然后从元素替代、掺杂元素对双相复合材料磁性能的影响进行了阐述。     

纳米复相稀土永磁材料研究进展

综述了纳米复相稀土永磁材料的研究现状;详细介绍了纳米复相永磁体的制备方法及磁性能,在粘结磁体、快淬磁体和磁控溅射磁体的基础上,又详细介绍了制备大块致密磁体的方法:热压法和热挤压法.分析了各种制备方法的优缺点;论述了添加合金元素和热处理工艺对磁性能的影响.并对纳米复相稀土永磁材料的研究前景作了展望.     

纳米晶复合永磁合金——一类新型永磁材料的研究进展

纳米晶复合永磁合金是近年来稀土永磁材料领域研究的热点之一。它具有与其它各向同性稀土永磁体不同的磁硬化机制和综合高磁性能。本文介绍了这类永磁合金的发展历程,并对其理论和实验方面的研究现状作了简要综述。     

磁温度补偿合金对永磁体补偿效果的表征

采用外补偿法改善Nd-Fe-B永磁材料的磁性能温度稳定性。讨论了磁温度补偿合金与永磁体组合后的磁性能和温度稳定性的表征。研究表明:用组合磁体的最大磁能积可以表征其磁性能,用开路法测试的可逆磁通温度系数可表征组合磁体的磁性能温度稳定性。用本实验室开发的磁温度补偿合金得到的组合磁体的可逆磁通温度系数小于0.001%/℃(20~100℃),室温下的最大磁能级达到195 kJ.m-3。外补偿法不仅能够有效地改善Nd-Fe-B永磁材料的磁性能温度稳定性,而且能够保持较高的磁性能。     

SmCo_5纳米粒子及其纳米复合材料的研究进展

SmCo_5稀土永磁材料在纳米级别时可以获得高的矫顽力和强烈的磁耦合特性,在超高密度磁记录材料、高性能永磁材料和纳米复合材料等领域具有重要应用。然而,低的剩磁限制了SmCo_5永磁材料的发展。软硬磁双相纳米复合材料的出现弥补了其低剩磁的不足,为高性能高使用温度永磁材料的发展提供了重要基础,在航空航天、电动汽车以及风力发电等领域具有潜在的应用。采用物理法或化学法可以制备出SmCo_5纳米粒子及其纳米复合粒子,这些方法具有各自的优点,也存在明显的不足。介绍了SmCo_5纳米粒子的矫顽力机制和相应的制备方法(包括物理法和化学法),并对各方法的优缺点进行了总结和对比。同时,综述了SmCo基纳米复合粒子的交换耦合作用机制以及它们的研究现状;通过对三类模型进行分析,阐明了纳米复合材料所面临的问题,指出了未来纳米复合材料的研究方向。     

纳米晶交换耦合稀土粘结永磁体磁性能与制备工艺参数间关系的研究

本文利用熔体快淬工艺将成分为Ｎｄ８．１６Ｄｙ１Ｆｅ８５．２６Ｎｂ１Ｂ４．５８的合金在三种不同淬速（１２．２５、１６．３３、２８．６ｍ／ｓ）下制备成非晶快淬条带,并在热处理后经快速淬火而制得纳米永磁体。利用ＴＥＭ和ＸＲＤ方法,对晶化后的稀土永磁粉进行了微结构分析与表征,初步探讨了淬速及晶化条件（包括晶化温度和时间）对稀土粘结永磁体磁性能的影响规律,获得了较高矫顽力的纳米交换耦合稀土粘结永磁体。     

Improved Electrical Insulation of Rare Earth Permanent Magnetic Materials With High Magnetic Properties

 Rare earth permanent magnetic materials are typical electrical conductor, and their magnetic properties will decrease because of the eddy current effect, so it is difficult to keep them stable for a long enough time under a high frequency AC field. In the present study, as far as rare earth permanent magnets are concerned, for the first time, rare earth permanent magnets with strong electrical insulation and high magnetic performance have been obtained through experiments, and their properties are as follows: (1) Sm2TM17: Br=062 T, jHc=8037 kA/m, (BH)m=5897 kJ/m3, ρ=7 Ω·m; (2) NdFeB: Br=0485 T, jHc=76633 kA/m, (BH)m=3796 kJ/m3, ρ=9 Ω·m. The magnetic properties of Sm2TM17 and NdFeB are obviously higher than those of ferrite permanent magnet, and the electric insulating characteristics of Sm2TM17 and NdFeB applied have in fact been approximately the same as those of ferrite. Therefore, Sm2TM17 and NdFeB will possess the ability to take the place of ferrite under a certain high frequency AC electric field.     

Rare Earths and Magnetic Refrigeration

Modern coolingis almost entirely based on a com-pression/expansion refrigeration cycle .It is a high-en-ergy demand industry with annual energy consumptionmeasured in billions kWh.Over the years ,all parts ofa conventional refrigerator ,i .e ., compressors , heatexchangers , refrigerants , and packaging have beenconsiderably i mproved by an extensive research anddevelopment effort ,and partly by government edicts .This was made possible by a continuous dollar influxfromboth federal and industr…     

Review on Rare Earth／Polymer Composite

The epecial properties of rare earth/polymer composite were described.More emphasis was put on the radiation shielding and magnetic properties,In the application to X-ray shielding,rare earth/polymer composite can make up the feeble absorbing area.If the rare earth content is high enough,it can demonstrate strong ability for thermal neutron absorption,The composite has strong paramagnetism.The feasibility of preparing magnetic rare earth/polymer compostite was discussed,In addition,three preparation methods were introducde:simlle polymerization,mixing and reaction processing,The effect of the rare earth/polymer composties pre-sturcture and the coordinate number of rare eatrh ions on the light property was analyzed,Rare earth/polmer compostie may have the structure and property simlar to those of the ionomer,The feasibility of the in-situ preparation of the rare earth/polymer nano structure is indicated ,Besides,the relationship between struchture and properties of the rare earth/polymer composite was discussed,The problems associated with such composite materials were also presented.     

高丰度稀土永磁材料的研究现状与展望

随着稀土永磁材料应用领域的扩大及需求量的猛增,导致关键稀土元素(Pr、Nd、Dy、Tb)的过度使用,而高丰度稀土元素(La、Ce、Y)却不断积压.高丰度稀土永磁材料不仅可以降低成本,还可实现稀土资源综合平衡利用,出于国家战略安全和原材料成本角度考虑,高性价比的高丰度稀土永磁材料的研究与开发势在必行.近年来,大量学者对高丰度稀土永磁材料的高值化利用展开了广泛研究.然而,在不同成分合金中,其主相热稳定性、第二相种类、相析出行为、价态、微量元素的偏聚冶金行为等方面均与目前广泛使用的Nd基商业磁体存在较大差异.综述了高丰度稀土永磁材料的相结构、磁性能、微观结构和耐蚀性能等研究现状,并为其进一步开发与利用提出了建议.      

粘结稀土永磁体的开发

本文简要叙述钢铁研究总院近年来对稀土永磁体的研制和开发工作。除了已经可以稳定大量生产和供应３５Ｈ牌号的烧结ＮｄＦｅＢ磁体外，在真空快淬工艺、ＨＤＤＲ工艺以及粘结磁体方面也进行了大量的研制工作。现在可以稳定生产供应高磁性能的磁粉和粘结磁体。此外，还简要报道了新一代稀土磁体ＳｍＦｅＮ合金的研制状况。     

Current Status of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Research in USA

In the paper, we summarize the USA research activities in the past two years on high performance rare earth (R)-based (nano) composite, nanostructured and hybrid permanent magnets. The work discussed is organized in three major sections (i) isotropic magnets based on the R₂Fe₁₄B hard phase, (ii) anisotropic magnets based on the R₂Fe₁₄B hard phase and (iii) magnets with a R-Co hard phase (1:5 and/or 2:17), including ultrahigh temperature Sm-Co magnets, Sm-Co permanent magnets with almost zero reversible temperature coefficient of residual induction for critical applications and ultrahigh temperature Sm-Co magnets with small reversible temperature coefficient of residual induction.     

稀土永磁体的新应用

介绍了稀土永磁体在电机、减振器、磁选机、研磨、生产传输线等方面的最新应用趋势。     

Research and Development of Bulk Anisotropic Nanograin Composite Rare Earth Permanent Magnets

Innovative and cost-effective technology for synthesizing bulk anisotropic nanograin composite rare earth magnets has been developed. Using a powder blending technique, (BH)_max of nanograin composite magnets can reach 40 to 50 MGOe, while applying powder coating techniques, (BH)_max = 45–55 MGOe were achieved. Thus, principal technical difficulties in synthesizing bulk anisotropic nanograin composite magnets are successfully overcome. In addition, it was observed that the magnetically soft phase in a composite magnet could be up to tens of micrometers, or more than 1000 times larger than the upper size limit predicted by the current models of interface exchange coupling, which indicates that further reducing the size of the soft phase and improving its distribution will significantly improve the magnetic performance of nanograin composite magnets.