高强化两级涡轮增压柴油机匹配性能仿真研究

本文建立了某高性能单级涡轮增压柴油机GT-Power性能仿真模型,结合试验数据对模型进行了校核和验证.根据对原型机仿真模拟计算结果的分析,选取Garrett公司T系列涡轮增压器,为其匹配了两级可控涡轮增压系统,并建立相应的整机性能仿真模型,在此基础上研究分析了废气旁通阀开度变化以及高低压级增压器分别采用可变几何涡轮对整机匹配特性的影响等.计算结果表明：采用两级可控涡轮增压系统后,在兼顾原机高工况性能的同时,能有效改善其低工况的性能,在全工况范围内能实现与柴油机的良好匹配.     

采用Modelica和Dymola的燃气涡轮的变比热仿真计算模型

结合模块化建模的方式，引入容积效应，推导了燃气涡轮变比热计算的数学模型。此外，还采用新型面向对象的仿真语言Modelica，建立可扩展的燃气涡轮仿真库；同时在Dymola平台上，利用仿真库和其它程序库，搭建单轴燃气涡轮发动机模型，对燃气涡轮动态过程进行变比热计算。与软件Gasturb和定比热计算结果对比，证明变比热计算的合理性和有效性，验证了该仿真方法的可行性，表明该方法有推广应用的价值。     

工质加湿后简单燃气涡轮循环的动态响应

在传统燃气轮机循环的动态仿真研究中，对涡轮部件的处理一般都采用涡轮特性图或曲线的方法来完成；但如果进入涡轮的工质发生变化，由纯燃气变成高温高压高湿的燃气，那么涡轮特性图或曲线在无法获得的情况下要建立湿工质循环的动态仿真模型，对涡轮部件需作特殊处理。本文根据涡轮的工作原理建立了基于逐级计算的涡轮部件性能仿真模块：利用此涡轮模块，搭建完成了发电用简单燃气轮机循环动态仿真模型，同时燃烧室考虑注湿，计算在不同注湿情况下涡轮部件的性能变化以及整个循环的动态响应过程。     

锅炉参数变化时汽轮机系统的仿真算法

采用实时仿真算法对锅炉-汽轮机系统动态特性进行了整体性模拟。首先建立了详尽的汽轮机各部件动态数学模型和热力系统流量网络计算模型，特别是除氧器、表面加热器和凝汽器的通用动态数学模型；然后，将汽轮机系统动态模型与锅炉系统动态模型连接为整体仿真模型，并进行仿真。该文还列出了锅炉某些参数变化时汽轮机系统几个关键基本参数仿真结果。对电站锅炉-汽轮机系统的整体性模拟可以对运行人员进行更加全面的指导，并且为进行单元机组的瞬态性能计算，进而修正稳态性能计算结果奠定了基础。图12参3     

由增压器涡轮性能计算叶轮特性的数学模型

本文使用蜗壳流动一维模型和稳定流动涡轮特性,建立了由涡轮增压器涡轮性能计算叶轮特性的数学模型,通过实例计算得到了一小型涡轮增压器的叶轮特性,其结果对于预测基于此涡轮增压器而设计的变截面涡轮增压器的性能是非常有用的。     

联合循环中底循环系统的动态仿真模型

根据底循环系统工作机理和特性，以能量和质量守恒原理为基础，详细论述了非补燃式三压再热自然循环余热锅炉、汽轮机、凝汽器、离心式水泵的模型算法，并结合其它相关模块算法（如凝结水预热器、流体网络、容积模块算法等），以M701F级联合循环机组为仿真对象，用模块化方法建立了完整的底循环系统动态数学模型。仿真试验表明：所建立的数学模型能够正确反映对象的动态和静态特性，整体模型运算收敛快，可为联合循环机组仿真系统的开发和底循环控制系统的设计与分析提供良好的理论模型。图3表1参12     

锅炉过热汽温控制策略仿真研究

利用模块化仿真技术建立锅炉汽水系统数学模型,通过仿真试验进行过热汽温控制策略的仿真研究,对smith预估控制、增益自适应控制系统和传统PID系统的控制性能进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,模型能够正确反映锅炉汽水系统的动态特性,Smith预估控制及增益自适应控制策略比常规PID串级控制策略的控制性能有明显的改善和提高.     

柴油机模型参考自适应调速系统的研究

首先根据自动控制理论建立了柴油机模型参考自适应调速系统的数学模型，并以李亚普诺夫方法设计自适应控制器。此后，在计算机仿真的基础上，分析了调速系统的动态性能。结果表明，在发动机调速系统中引入模型参考自适应控制原理，使系统性能得到明显提高。     

单级轴流式变几何涡轮的计算模型及结果分析

为了研究涡轮静叶变几何后对整个涡轮级性能的影响，通过建立数学模型，对单级轴流式涡轮进行了一系列的热力计算，得到了在不同压比、不同转速下，涡轮静叶转角对涡轮流量、反力度，叶栅速度损失系数和轮周效率的影响。从计算结果中可看出，静叶的传动使得涡轮机的主要参数反力度发生变化，从而影响到整个级的运行；而对于损失系数来说，静叶的转动对静叶损失系数并无太大影响，在大部分转角范围内，使得动叶损失系数升高，减小了动叶损失。     

百千瓦级风机建模与仿真

百千瓦级风力机控制系统技术关系到系统运行的质量，效率，运行寿命等整体性能，控制器的设计要求了解系统模型结构，建立了百千瓦级风力发电机的机理模型，进行了数字模拟仿真，并对其仿真结果进行分析研究，为风力机控制器的设计，模型参数辨识等提供了模型结构方面的基础。     

基于BP网络的汽轮机运行特性方程

对现有的汽轮机运行特性方程的建立方法进行了分析,指出其各自存在的问题,然后采用人工神经网络中相对成熟的BP网络建立了汽轮机特性的数学模型,并与常规的线性和非线性模型进行了比较。结果表明,采用BP网络能更准确地反映汽轮机的运行特性,为评价汽轮机运行性能及热经济性诊断奠定了理论基础。     

汽轮机叶片的建模及插补算法研究

为提高汽轮机的工作效率,汽轮机叶片的表面通常是设计成扭曲的变截面曲面,叶片形状十分复杂,因此,汽轮机叶片的精确几何造型对保证叶片加工质量十分重要。进行汽轮机叶片数学建模和数控插补算法研究,根据图纸数据对汽轮机叶片进行基于NURBS曲线和曲面的反求计算,建立了汽轮机叶片的精确数学模型。针对叶片高速高精度数控加工的要求,以叶片数学模型为基础,建立叶片截面的NURBS曲线组,利用MATLAB编程仿真,验证了采用不同插补算法进行叶片数控加工的适应性。     

Steady-state analysis of a conceptual offshore wind turbine driven electricity and thermocline energy extraction plant

A system for using offshore wind energy to generate electricity and simultaneously extract thermal energy is proposed. This concept is based on an offshore wind turbine driven hydraulic pump supplying deep seawater under high pressure to a land based plant consisting of a hydroelectric power generation unit and heat exchanger. A steady-state system model is developed using empirical formulae. The mathematical model comprises the fundamental system sub-models that are categorised as the rotor, hydraulic pump, pipeline, hydroelectric turbine and heat exchanger. A means for modelling the seawater temperature field across a two-dimensional bathymetry is also discussed. These mathematical models are integrated into a computational tool and a brief parametric static analysis is undertaken. The results illustrate the effect of pipeline diameter, rotational speed of the grid connected hydroelectric turbine, and the turbine distance from shore on the overall performance of the system. Through adequate parameter selection, the total rate of energy output for such a system, consisting of both electricity and thermal energy, is shown to increase by as much as 84%, when compared to a conventional wind turbine having an identical rotor diameter but which supplies only electrical energy.     

带回热微型燃气轮机系统动态过程分析

分析了微型燃气轮机的动态数学模型,利用解析方法,求解了带回热单轴燃气轮机动态方程,对定转速和变转速两种情况下微型燃气轮机负荷变化和甩负荷的动态过程进行了仿真,提出了机组变工况动态性能优化和控制优化的途径。该研究能够为实际机组的运行和系统性能参数的合理匹配提供理论指导。     

模糊理论在风力发电机组故障诊断中的应用

模糊理论为基础，结合风力发电机组的实际运行工况、现场运行人员和专家的经验，分析了故障与征兆之间的模糊关系，形成了模糊故障诊断规则，建立了风力发电机组模糊故障诊断自适应修正数学模型。最后对一个具体故障实例加以分析，验证了模糊理论在风力发电机组故障诊断中的可行性。     

Fluid dynamics wind turbine design: Critical analysis,optimization and application of BEM theory

A mathematical model for fluid dynamics wind turbine design (based on the blade element momentum theory) has been implemented and improved. The mathematical simulations have been compared with experimental data found in the literature. The simulation was performed for the whole wind velocity range, in on-design and off-design conditions. Several simulations were performed in order to maximize the agreement between the simulated and experimental data. Particular attention was paid to the tangential induction factor and to the models for the representation of the lift and drag coefficients. A comparison was also made between the mathematical model presented in the paper and those considered in the literature. Finally, the model was implemented to optimize rotor performance, especially at low wind velocities, which is crucial to produce power during the machine start-up phase.     

Fundamental time–domain wind turbine models for wind power studies

One critical task in any wind power interconnection study involves the modelling of wind turbines. This paper provides the most basic yet comprehensive time–domain wind turbine model upon which more sophisticated models along with their power and speed control mechanisms, can be developed. For this reason, this paper concentrates on the modelling of a fixed-speed wind turbine. The model includes turbine's aerodynamic, mechanical, and electrical components. Data for the rotor, drive-train, and electrical generator are given to allow replication of the model in its entirety. Each of the component-blocks of the wind turbine is modelled separately so that one can easily expand the model to simulate variable-speed wind turbines or customise the model to suit their needs. Then, an aggregate wind turbine model, or wind farm, is developed. This is followed by four case studies to demonstrate how the models can be used to study wind turbine operation and power grid integration issues. Results obtained from the case studies show that the models perform as expected.     

基于MATLAB的三轴燃气轮机动态仿真模型研究

仿真技术是燃气轮机性能研究的有效手段。本文作者采用准非线性方法建立了三轴式燃气轮机数学模型。基于动态仿真软件MATLAB,开发出面向对象的燃气轮机动态仿真平台,验证仿真结果表明,该仿真模型正确合理,简便易行。     

Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a solar-driven regenerative organic Rankine cycle (ORC) based on flat-plate solar collectors

This paper presents a regenerative organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to utilize the solar energy over a low temperature range. Flat-plate solar collectors are used to collect the solar radiation for their low costs. A thermal storage system is employed to store the collected solar energy and provide continuous power output when solar radiation is insufficient. A daily average efficiency is defined to evaluate the system performance exactly instead of instantaneous efficiency. By establishing mathematical models to simulate the system under steady-state conditions, parametric analysis is conducted to examine the effects of some thermodynamic parameters on the system performance using different working fluids. The system is also optimized with the daily average efficiency as its objective function by means of genetic algorithm under the given conditions. The results indicate that under the actual constraints, increasing turbine inlet pressure and temperature or lowering the turbine back pressure could improve the system performance. The parametric optimization also implies that a higher turbine inlet temperature with saturated vapor state could obtain the better system performance. Compared with other working fluids, R245fa and R123 are the most suitable working fluids for the system due to their high system performance and low operation pressure.     

基于Modelica语言的燃气涡轮建模及应用

为了对燃气涡轮的性能进行更好的仿真研究，利用模块化建模的方法，并根据质量和能量守恒的原理，把燃气涡轮分为流动模块和容积模块两部分。其中．容积模块看作是质量和能量的集聚，流动模块看作是质量和能量的流动。采用新型的、面向对象的仿真软件Modelica编制了燃气涡轮的仿真模型，建立了可扩展的燃气涡轮程序库，并利用该程序库与其它模型库结合，搭建了单轴燃气涡轮发动机模型，得到了合理的仿真结果，验证了该方法可行及推广应用价值。图11参8