城市生活垃圾焚烧发电CDM项目案例分析

本文分析评价了我国城市生活垃圾的产生量、资源量、国内外垃圾焚烧技术应用状况、制约我国城市生活垃圾焚烧技术应用的主要因素以及垃圾焚烧发电技术应用潜力。本研究以城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术为案例,基于三个基准线,应用增量成本分析方法,计算了垃圾焚烧发电作为CDM(清洁发展机制)项目的单位碳减排成本并对其进行了敏感性分析,提出城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术应作为我国与发达国家进行CDM项目合作的优先技术领域。     

垃圾电厂锅炉重金属的迁移及控制

城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术作为一种无害化、减量化、资源化的垃圾处理技术,已成为发达国家垃圾处理的主要方式之一,在我国也正在得到应用和推广.但由于生活垃圾的成分非常复杂,决定了运行过程中产生的二次污染物的复杂、多变,形成了垃圾焚烧发电的瓶颈.针对城市生活垃圾焚烧发电产生的二次污染物,主要指对人体危害较大的重金属的迁移和转变特性进行了分析,并针对这些影响因素提出的控制对策进行了讨论.     

我国垃圾焚烧发电现状与焚烧炉的选择

垃圾焚烧发电技术在国外已发展得比较成熟，我国于上世纪90年代初开始借鉴国外的经验开发垃圾焚烧技术，在经济较发达的地区进行垃圾焚烧发电。垃圾焚烧发电应根据城市不同的经济类型和垃圾状况选择炉型，发展经营上采取政府与企业共同投资的方式。     

城市垃圾焚烧发电技术现状与发展

本文分析了城市垃圾焚烧处理的优点，当前垃圾焚烧发电技术在我国应用中存在的主要问题及发展前景。     

流化床垃圾焚烧锅炉的现状与前景

近年来,在城市生活垃圾快速增加、城市用地日益紧张的现实面前,焚烧成了越来越多大中城市处理垃圾的主要途径。随着我国城市生活垃圾焚烧发电行业的不断发展和进步,垃圾焚烧发电锅炉形成了以流化床垃圾焚烧技术和炉排垃圾焚烧技术为代表的两种流派,通过对两种技术以及两种垃圾焚烧锅炉运行特点等的对比分析,探寻流化床垃圾焚烧锅炉的发展之路。     

开发城市垃圾——能源工厂（一）

本文介绍世界各工业发达国家采用焚烧处理城市垃圾，建造城市垃圾－能源工厂的技术进展、经济效益和环保效果等。文章包括：垃圾成份和处理的方法，垃圾发电的经济性，垃圾焚烧和设备，选择垃圾焚烧炉和余热锅炉的技术准则。较详细地介绍了垃圾焚烧工艺过程的燃烧一维模型和气相数值模拟以及选择余热锅炉时必须考虑的工艺过程和高低温腐蚀等。     

我国生活垃圾焚烧发电技术现状及展望

垃圾焚烧发电可以实现生活垃圾的无害化、资源化和减量化处理,得到了我国的高度重视,城市生活垃圾焚烧技术将会迎来巨大发展.本文综述了我国垃圾焚烧技术的发展现状,重点针对垃圾焚烧过程中的污染物排放、受热面腐蚀以及智慧焚烧等方面进行了总结,最后展望了垃圾焚烧发电技术的发展趋势,为今后建设垃圾焚烧电站提供了合理建议.     

垃圾焚烧发电供热的经济性分析

垃圾焚烧发电在我国发展前景广阔，本文以某城市为例，通过垃圾焚烧发电供热流程的论述，对其经济效益进行了分析和评价。     

垃圾电厂二恶英的生成及控制机制

城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术作为一种无害化、减量化、资源化的垃圾处理方法,已成为发达国家垃圾处理的主要方式之一,在我国也正在得到应用和推广.但由于垃圾的成分极其复杂,决定了运行过程中产生的二次污染物的复杂、多变,形成了垃圾焚烧利用的瓶颈.针对城市生活垃圾焚烧产生的二次污染物,主要指对人体危害较大的二恶英的生成机理、影响其牛...     

谈城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术现状及发展

分析了城市垃圾焚烧处理的优点,当前垃圾焚烧发电技术在我国应用中存在的主要问题及发展前景。     

城市生活垃圾焚烧炉结构对燃烧的影响及结构选型的研究

详细论述了机械炉排垃圾焚烧炉的结构及选型，研究了影响垃圾焚烧的各种因素，评估了垃圾焚烧发电的效率，并推荐了发电量的计算公式，对我国CAO型垃圾处理系统的运行状况作了评述，对影响垃圾焚烧后的各种污染及防止方法作了简述，文章还根据作者的经验，推荐了设计参数。     

Economic distribution distance for cogenerated district heating and cooling

There has been considerable recent interest in the U.S. concerning district heating and cooling for urban redevelopment, especially including cogeneration and incineration of refuse. We consider several options incorporating cooling, cogeneration and refuse incineration alternatives in a modular design concept. A life-cycle economic analysis is used to evaluate each alternative technology including selection of the optimum choice of cooling and cogeneration modes and to determine the justifiable distribution cost and distance. Viable technologies and sites may then be assessed by comparing justifiable and required distribution distances per unit heating capacity. An example is presented evaluating natural gas and refuse fuels, thermal and electric refrigeration for cooling, and steam turbine, gas turbine and diesel cogeneration for twelve sites in the City of Chicago. The analysis is useful for screening and evaluating both technologies and sites prior to more detailed case study.     

基于焚烧运行参数的垃圾热值软测量模型

在垃圾焚烧过程中,入炉垃圾热值的变化对燃烧的稳定性会产生很大的影响.针对在垃圾焚烧过程中垃圾热值难以在线测量的实际状况,采用基于小脑神经网络的垃圾热值预测模型,利用垃圾发电厂在线运行数据作为输入参数,实现垃圾热值的在线预测.研究表明,该软测量模型具有实时性好、能够预测垃圾热值整体变化趋势等优点.该模型初步应用于某垃圾发电厂,结果表明,其具有较好的实时性与准确度,在垃圾燃烧过程自动控制系统中具有较好的应用前景.     

Rival commercial means of converting refuse to energy

The objectives of this investigation were to:

1. (1) demonstrate the effectiveness of those refuse-disposal options which possess the facility for energy recovery: for each, an energy-audit approach has been undertaken to achieve this; and

2. (2) highlight those significant features which affect the net energy-outputs of different refuse-disposal options, whose benefits are assessed.

Thus, six UK ‘waste-to-energy’ facilities, which currently accept major quantities of refuse, were examined. In particular, a comparison was made between the net energy-outputs for two procedures: (i) urban incineration of refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and (ii) transferring the refuse, by rail, to a landfill site, from which appreciable quantities of landfill gas were recovered. The energy attractiveness of both incinerators and RDF plants were appreciably higher than those which could be achieved with landfills. Nevertheless, when financial costs of the various options are taken into account, environmentally acceptable landfill is often the recommended solution.     

基于模糊方法的垃圾焚烧炉燃烧控制系统

垃圾焚烧技术作为一种垃圾资源化的成熟技术在国内得到了越来越广泛的应用。垃圾焚烧炉的燃烧过程控制是垃圾焚烧炉稳定运行的基础,采用基于模糊方法的控制策略对垃圾焚烧过程进行研究,具体阐述了垃圾焚烧的模糊控制算法并与常规PID控制算法进行了比较,最终在实际设备上进行了连续运行,取得了较好的效果。     

垃圾焚烧炉燃烧技术及设备的发展

本文回顾了垃圾焚烧炉燃烧技术及设备的发展历史,分析了各种燃烧设备的特点,进而对我国的垃圾焚烧技术和设备的发展提出了建议。     

Optimization of use of waste in the future energy system

Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel. The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies are facilitated, including waste incineration, co-combustion with coal, anaerobic digestion, and gasification. The most economically feasible solutions are found to be incineration of mixed waste, anaerobic digestion of organic waste, and gasification of part of the potential RDF (refuse derived fuel) for CHP (combined heat and power) production, while the remaining part is co-combusted with coal. Co-combustion mainly takes place in new coal-fired power plants, allowing investments to increase in comparison with a situation where only investments in waste incineration are allowed.     

生活垃圾焚烧处理及二次污染物控制

阐述了生活垃圾的焚烧处理的重要性 ,综述了各国垃圾焚烧处理的先进技术及二次污染物控制工艺 ,提出我国垃圾焚烧二次污染的控制措施。     

垃圾焚烧烟气余热利用的探讨

从利用烟气干燥物料的角度对干燥过程的认识、焚烧烟气的组成、烟气流动动力、烟气干燥模型、新型焚烧炉的特点、烟气温度的衡算等方面作了些分析与探讨。这对中小型焚烧炉烟气余热回收利用及其它工业炉降耗增效都具有一定的意义。