表面覆盖退火对ZnO薄膜光学性质的影响

研究了暴露在空气中退火和表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火对MOCVD生长的ZnO薄膜光学性质的影响.研究发现,暴露在空气中退火虽可以去除薄膜中的氢杂质,并在低温光致发光(PL)谱中观察到与氢相关的束缚激子峰消失,但是退火后样品室温PL谱中可观察到很强的可见光发射,表明样品中引入了大量的深能级,样品的自由激子发光没有增强.而表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火的样品,有效去除了氢杂质,但没有观察到可见光发射,说明表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火可以有效地保护ZnO表面不分解,不生成深能级中心.由于激子束缚中心的减少,表面覆盖退火样品的自由激子发射大大增强.     

Effect of Surface-Covered Annealing on the Optical Properties of ZnO Films Grown by MOCVD

研究了暴露在空气中退火和表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火对MOCVD生长的ZnO薄膜光学性质的影响. 研究发现，暴露在空气中退火虽可以去除薄膜中的氢杂质，并在低温光致发光(PL)谱中观察到与氢相关的束缚激子峰消失，但是退火后样品室温PL谱中可观察到很强的可见光发射，表明样品中引入了大量的深能级，样品的自由激子发光没有增强. 而表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火的样品，有效去除了氢杂质，但没有观察到可见光发射，说明表面覆盖蓝宝石基板退火可以有效地保护ZnO表面不分解，不生成深能级中心. 由于激子束缚中心的减少，表面覆盖退火样品的自由激子发射大大增强.     

900℃空气退火对L-MBE生长的ZnO薄膜发光特性的影响

采用激光分子束外延法在蓝宝石衬底(0001)上生长了高度c轴择优取向的高质量ZnO薄膜,在空气中对生长的薄膜进行900℃退火处理,并对退火前后样品的结晶质量、发光特性采用X射线衍射(XRD)、变温光致发光(PL)研究.退火处理后的ZnO薄膜(0002)面XRDθ-2θ扫描曲线强度明显增强.在光致发光实验中,观测到薄膜分别在3.352,3.309和3.237eV附近有3个明显的近紫外发光峰,分别对应自由激子发射、中性施主或受主束缚激子I9及其声子伴线1Lo.随着温度升高,峰位逐渐向长波方向移动(即所谓"红移"),半高宽(FWHM)逐渐展宽;在发光谱中,来自于晶体缺陷的深能级(DL)区发光强度极小.     

900℃空气退火对L-MBE生长的ZnO薄膜发光特性的影响

采用激光分子束外延法在蓝宝石衬底(0001)上生长了高度c轴择优取向的高质量ZnO薄膜,在空气中对生长的薄膜进行900℃退火处理,并对退火前后样品的结晶质量、发光特性采用X射线衍射(XRD)、变温光致发光(PL)研究.退火处理后的ZnO薄膜(0002)面XRDθ-2θ扫描曲线强度明显增强.在光致发光实验中,观测到薄膜分别在3.352,3.309和3.237eV附近有3个明显的近紫外发光峰,分别对应自由激子发射、中性施主或受主束缚激子I9及其声子伴线1Lo.随着温度升高,峰位逐渐向长波方向移动(即所谓"红移"),半高宽(FWHM)逐渐展宽;在发光谱中,来自于晶体缺陷的深能级(DL)区发光强度极小.     

硅基氧化锌薄膜中的发光和复合中心

报道了用MOCVD方法制备的硅基ZnO薄膜中的中性施主-价带D0h发光.ZnO/p-Si结构经空气中700 ℃退火1h,然后进行X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光(PL)谱和I-V特性测量.实验得到不同载气流量制备的样品都具有整流特性.深能级瞬态谱(DLTS)测量探测到各样品中存在两个施主深能级E1和E2.相应的室温PL谱测量显示样品近带边发射包含不同的发光线.利用高斯拟合方法,样品S2a的PL谱分解为三条发光线b,c和d,其中发光线b可归结为ZnO中的激子发射;DLTS测量得到的施主能级E1与发光线c和d的局域态电离能Ed相关,为D0h中心.此外,实验揭示E2能级的相对隙态密度与PL谱的发光强度成反比,表明深能级E2具有复合中心性质.     

硅基氧化锌薄膜中的发光和复合中心

报道了用MOCVD方法制备的硅基ZnO薄膜中的中性施主-价带D0h发光.ZnO/p-Si结构经空气中700 ℃退火1h,然后进行X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光(PL)谱和I-V特性测量.实验得到不同载气流量制备的样品都具有整流特性.深能级瞬态谱(DLTS)测量探测到各样品中存在两个施主深能级E1和E2.相应的室温PL谱测量显示样品近带边发射包含不同的发光线.利用高斯拟合方法,样品S2a的PL谱分解为三条发光线b,c和d,其中发光线b可归结为ZnO中的激子发射;DLTS测量得到的施主能级E1与发光线c和d的局域态电离能Ed相关,为D0h中心.此外,实验揭示E2能级的相对隙态密度与PL谱的发光强度成反比,表明深能级E2具有复合中心性质.     

退火对MOCVD法生长ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用MOCVD方法在(001)Si衬底上生长ZnO薄膜,并在空气中800℃退火1 h.生长及退火样品的XRD图谱均显示了较强的(002)ZnO衍射峰,表明ZnO薄膜为c轴高取向生长.光电子能谱(XPS)分析显示,退火后ZnO薄膜从富Zn生长变为富O生长.在样品的室温PL 谱中,观察到未退火样品的紫外发射峰的中心为3.28 eV,并观察到退火样品位于3.30 eV的自由激子发射峰和位于3.23 eV的施主-受主对的复合发光峰.实验结果表明,退火后ZnO薄膜的晶体质量得到提高.     

纳米ZnO光学性质研究进展

介绍了纳米ZnO常见发光谱的发光机制。在室温光致发光谱(PL)中,一般在380 nm处出现紫外发光,也有报道在357和377 nm处的紫外发光,列举了几种不同的发光解释。对于深能级发光,一般在400～550 nm出现连续的发光带,也有观察到深能级的声子伴线和声子复制现象。在低温光致发光谱的紫外发射中,一般观察到由自由激子发射(FX)、中性施主束缚激子发射(D0X)、施主-受主对跃迁峰(DAP)、中性施主束缚激子对应的双电子卫星峰(TES)以及声子伴线。综述了纳米ZnO的喇曼光谱、透射光谱、电致发光谱(EL)的特征,最后展望了纳米ZnO的光学性能研究前景。     

氢化对ZnO发光性质的影响

通过低温光致发光(PL)谱研究氢化对ZnO发光性质的影响.氢通过一个直流等离子体发生装置引入到ZnO晶体.研究发现氢的引入影响了束缚激子的相对发光强度,特别是氢化以后I4峰(3.363eV)的强度增加.与未氢化样品相比较,氢化样品显示出不同的温度依赖PL谱.在4.2K温度下,测量了氢化样品表面以下不同深度处的PL谱.研究发现I4峰的强度和I4峰与I8峰强度比随深度变化而变化,说明了在引入的氢和浅施主之间的直接联系.一般而言,氢化会增强带边发射并钝化绿光发射.     

氢化对ZnO发光性质的影响

通过低温光致发光(PL)谱研究氢化对ZnO发光性质的影响.氢通过一个直流等离子体发生装置引入到ZnO晶体.研究发现氢的引入影响了束缚激子的相对发光强度,特别是氢化以后I4峰(3.363eV)的强度增加.与未氢化样品相比较,氢化样品显示出不同的温度依赖PL谱.在4.2K温度下,测量了氢化样品表面以下不同深度处的PL谱.研究发现I4峰的强度和I4峰与I8峰强度比随深度变化而变化,说明了在引入的氢和浅施主之间的直接联系.一般而言,氢化会增强带边发射并钝化绿光发射.     

退火对用PLD法制备ZnO薄膜的发光影响

用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在Si(111)和蓝宝石衬底上制备的氧化锌薄膜,在不同的退火温度和不同的退火氛围中进行了退火处理.退火温度及退火氛围对ZnO薄膜的结构和发光特性的影响用X射线衍射(XRD)谱和光致发光谱进行了表征.实验结果表明,随着退火温度的提高,ZnO薄膜的压应力减小,并向张应力转化.在不同的退火温度退火...     

退火过程对c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜的光学性质的影响

利用溶胶凝胶法在石英衬底上采用旋涂法制备出ZnO薄膜,通过X射线衍射仪发现不同的退火温度对ZnO薄膜的择优取向有很大影响;通过紫外可见分光光度计和室温发光谱可以看出,制备的薄膜有很好的光学透过性和很强的紫外发光特性,而不同的退火温度对其光学性质有很大的影响。实验发现采用此种方法在650℃左右退火是一个合适的退火温度,结构特性和光学性质都相对较好;采用热分析方法可知ZnO将在375℃左右从非晶转向结晶状态,因而在常规ZnO薄膜制备方法中增加一步500oC的热处理将有助于提高ZnO薄膜的结晶质量。     

脉冲激光沉积法制备氧化锌薄膜

ZnO是一种新型的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体材料,具有优良的晶格、光学和电学性能,其显著的特点是在紫外波段存在受激发射。利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在氧气氛中烧蚀锌靶制备了纳米晶氧化锌薄膜,衬底为石英玻璃,晶粒尺寸约为28-35 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)结果和光致发光(PL)光谱的测量表明,当衬底温度在100-250℃范围内时,所获得的ZnO薄膜具有c轴的择优取向,所有样品的强紫外发射中心均在378-385 nm范围内,深能级发射中心约518-558 nm,衬底温度为200℃时,得到了单一的紫外光发射(没有深能级发光)。这归因于其较高的结晶质量。     

基于PLD法制备ZnO:Eu3+,Li+薄膜的发光性质研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在Si(111)衬底上生长了Eu3+、Li+共掺杂的ZnO薄膜。分别对样品进行了X射线衍射(XRD)谱测试和光致发光(PL)谱分析,重点研究了退火处理对样品结构和发射光谱的影响。XRD谱测试表明,样品具有很好的C轴择优取向。PL谱研究表明,当用325nm光激发样品时,样品的发射光谱仅由ZnO基质的紫外发射和蓝光发射组成,并没有发现稀土Eu3+的特征发光峰;样品的蓝光发射源于电子从Zn填隙形成的浅施主能级到Zn空位形成的浅受主能级跃迁;和真空中退火的样品相比,O2中制备的样品的蓝光发射减弱,紫外发光增强。用395nm的光激发时,退火前样品分别在594nm和613nm处存在两个明显的Eu3+特征发光峰,退火后的样品仅发现Eu3+位于594nm的特征发光峰,这表明,退火处理不利于稀土离子的特征发射,但O2中退火的样品ZnO基质红绿波段发射光谱明显增强。     

ZnO膜中的缺陷对ZnO膜c轴取向的影响(英文)

ZnO is piezoelectric material as well as semiconductor. Monolithic SAW convolvers utilizing a ZnO film deposited on a Si substrate have been developed. However, good piezoelectricity should come from high orientation along c-axis of ZnO films. Herein, ZnO films of 2μm thickness sputtered on Si substrate are detected using X-ray diffraction technique. X-ray diffraction curves are given for both unannealed and annealed samples in oxygen at low temperature. The results showed that the c-axis orientation of the annealed ZnO films was better than that of unannealed ones with the size of crystalline grain becoming larger, because according to the results of the Positron Annihilation Technique the crystal lattice defects in ZnO film are reduced while annealing.     

Synthesis and characterization of phosphorus-doped ZnO and (Zn,Mg)O thin films via pulsed laser deposition

The transport and optical properties of phosphorus-doped (Zn,Mg)O thin films grown via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) are studied. The carrier type of as-deposited (Zn,Mg)O:P films converts from n-type to p-type with increasing oxygen partial pressure. All the films exhibit good crystallinity with c-axis orientation. This result indicates the importance of oxidation conditions in realizing p-type (Zn,Mg)O:P films. The as-deposited ZnO:P film properties show a strong dependence on the deposition ambient at different growth temperatures. The resistivity of the samples deposited in O₃/O₂ mixture is two orders of magnitude higher than the films grown in oxygen and O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture. The room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) of the as-deposited films has been shown that growing in the O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture ambient significantly increases the band edge emission while inhibiting the visible emission. The enhanced ultraviolet (UV) emission in the films grown in O₂/Ar/H₂ mixture may result from hydrogen passivation of the deep level emission centers. The annealed ZnO:P films are n-type with nonlinear dependence of resistivity on annealing temperature. The resistivity increases in the films with annealing at 800°C while decreasing with further increasing annealing temperature. Strong visible light emission is observed from the ZnO:P films annealed in oxygen.     

Investigation into Texture,Preferential Orientation,and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanopolycrystalline Thin Films Deposited by the Sol–Gel Technique on Different Substrates

ZnO nanopolycrystalline thin films were deposited by the sol–gel technique on glass and silicon, and compared systematically via atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The thickness of the ZnO films was measured by ellipsometric microscopy. A higher preheating temperature was needed to obtain films with a strong preferential orientation. The optimal annealing temperatures for c-axis films on glass and silicon substrates were 525°C and 750°C, respectively. The relative intensity of the blue–green emission peak tends to increase with the annealing temperature. When the film is annealed in N₂, the transmittance of the film reduces while the intensity of the blue–green emission increases.     

Phase transformation from cubic ZnS to hexagonal ZnO by thermal annealing

We have investigated the mechanism of phase transformation from ZnS to hexagonal ZnO by hightemperature thermal annealing. The ZnS thin films were grown on Si(001) substrate by thermal evaporation system using ZnS powder as source material. The grown films were annealed at different temperatures and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), photoluminescence(PL), four-point probe, scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction(EDX). The results demonstrated that as-deposited ZnS film has mixed phases but high-temperature annealing leads to transition from ZnS to ZnO. The observed result can be explained as a twostep process:(1) high-energy O atoms replaced S atoms in lattice during annealing process, and(2) S atoms diffused into substrate and/or diffused out of the sample. The dissociation energy of ZnS calculated from the Arrhenius plot of 1000/T versus log(resistivity) was found to be 3.1 eV. PL spectra of as-grown sample exhibits a characteristic green emission at 2.4 eV of ZnS but annealed samples consist of band-to-band and defect emission of ZnO at 3.29 eV and 2.5 eV respectively. SEM and EDX measurements were additionally performed to strengthen the argument.     

Studies of the optoelectronic properties of ZnO thin films

ZnO thin films have been deposited on quartz glass, sapphire, and glass substrates by the sol-gel technique and subjected to different annealing ambients. X-ray diffraction measurements show that all the films are hexagonal wurtzite type. The variations in photoluminescence (PL) and photoconductivity (PC) properties have been correlated to the structural and microstructural changes due to different substrates and annealing ambients. The maximum photoresponse has been observed for the films on quartz substrates. The violet emission in the PL spectra is enhanced for vacuum and nitrogen annealed films. The maximum ultraviolet (UV) photoresponse and photo-to-dark current ratio is observed for ZnO films annealed in air.     

Electrodeposition and Characterization of ZnO Thin Films

Thin films of ZnO were electrodeposited from an aqueous solution of Zn（NO3 ）2 on indium tin oxide（ITO）-covered glass substrate. The analysis of X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron micrograph （SEM） indicated that the obtained ZnO films had a compact hexagonal wurtzite type structure with preferable （002） growth direction. A sharp near-UV emission peak located at 380 nm and a strong orange-red emission peak located at 593 nm were observed in the photoluminescence, when excited with 325 nm wavelength at room temperature. Then the prepared ZnO films were introduced as anode phosphors into the field emission test. It was found that orange-red cathode-luminescence was observed and the luminescent brightness was enhanced by annealing. When annealing temperature increased about 600 ℃, the photoluminescence with peak of 531 nm and the green cathode-luminescence were observed. The tests showed that the brightness of about 2 × 102 cd/m^2 was obtained at electric field of 2 V/μm for annealed sample. The results revealed that the film could be a good kind of low-voltage drived cathode-luminescence phosphor.