低温液体贮槽的焊接

介绍了低温液体贮槽的结构特点、焊接要求、焊接工艺以及产品焊接要点。参3。     

大型低温液体贮槽绝热系统设计

简介大型低温液体贮槽绝热系统的绝热材料及其主要性能指标;叙述了绝热系统的结构设计、氮封系统设计和基础设计,并分析了目前大型低温液体贮槽在订货、设计和使用中可能存在的几个问题和解决方法。     

大型储油罐底板焊接变形的控制

大型储油罐底板由中幅板和边缘板构成,采用对接和搭接接头,底板厚度较薄、面积大、焊缝数量多。因焊接应力和焊缝收缩的存在,焊接时易产生严重的焊接变形。通过制定合理的焊接工艺措施和对焊接过程进行有效的控制,以达到控制焊接变形的目的。     

大型低温液体贮槽配套阀门的研制

介绍大型低温液体贮槽配套阀门的用途、功能,主要叙述低温呼吸阀、低温三通阀、罐底紧急切断阀的技术参数、结构特点和工作原理,简述阀门使用的注意事项。     

真空粉末绝热低温液体贮槽的焊接

奥氏体不锈钢的低温力学性能优良,很适合于制造低温贮槽和装置,空分行业中用于贮存液氮、液氧、液氩等的真空粉末绝热低温液体贮槽就是由奥氏体不锈钢制成。本文详细介绍了这类贮槽的焊接技术。图2表1。     

大型常压低温液体贮槽建造的完整性设计

鉴于国内外大型常压低温液体贮槽设计完整性的管理要求,结合我国目前设计理念的发展程度,提出了完整性设计的概念。论述了完整性设计文件的要求,包括设计、采购、预制、安装和检验等方面的设计文件内容,为提升我国低温液体贮槽设计文件的详细程度,满足国内外用户对设计、制造、安装一体化要求提供了建议性的思路和要求。     

大型常压低温液体贮槽的设计及发展

从工艺流程、结构设计、力学计算、技术要领等方面阐明了大型常压低温液体贮槽设计、制造的诸多问题 ,特别是就如何保证大型常压低温液体贮槽的可靠性、先进性的关键问题作了一些分析。并简述了发展前景     

大型低温液体贮槽抗震设计及相关标准比较

简介大型低温液体贮槽的结构及地震破坏形式,以及储罐抗震设计的国内外标准。结合对几种典型容积大型低温液体贮槽采用不同标准进行抗震计算得到的结果,分析比较了采用国内外标准进行抗震设计的优缺点;最后,针对大型低温液体贮槽结构的特殊性,提出在进行抗震设计时值得注意的一些问题。     

浅谈低温液体贮槽脱脂检验的重要性

简述对低温液体贮槽表面残油采用重量法及荧光法检测的重要性，以及检测时应注意的事项。     

压力低温贮槽液体损耗原因分析

压力低温液体贮槽在使用过程中,所贮存的液体损耗率经常偏大,其主要原因为外界热量进入或气体和液体的泄漏。本文就以上两方面原因的现象及判断进行了详细分析。图1。     

液态医用氧低温贮罐安全使用

利用杜瓦瓶集中供应,减少充装、运输及使用环节能耗,确保临床治疗安全。     

Cryogenic design of liquid-nitrogen circulation system for long-length HTS cables with altitude variation

Liquid-nitrogen (LN₂) circulation systems with altitude variation are investigated and designed for application to practical long-length HTS cables. This study is motivated by the KEPCO’s immediate plan to install new HTS cables in existing utility tunnels including inclined and vertical sections. The distribution of pressure and temperature along the LN₂ circulation loop is examined for various geographic conditions, taking into account the gravitational effect of altitude variation. The cryogenic cooling requirements are defined in terms of the pressure and temperature of LN₂, and a design process is graphically demonstrated on phase diagram. It is concluded that the LN₂ flow rate along the cable with altitude variation should be carefully determined with the constraints on pressure and temperature, and the proposed graphical method is useful in the design.     

深冷液体储罐液位计取压结构与指示稳定性研究

低温储罐差压液位计液相取压的干式取压器结构设计是否合理,是影响深冷液体储罐液位指示稳定性及准确性的关键因素。本文就液相取压点干式取压结构设计中,导入热量如何有效用于加热取样液体及其影响进行分析,进行各种设计结构产品试制及试验,从而寻求出卧式深冷液体储罐差压液位计液相干式取压器结构的最合理设计。     

浅谈CO2中水分对低温液体贮槽的影响

主要通过氧化－还原反应的原电池原理阐述用碳钢制造液体ＣＯ２贮槽,贮存ＣＯ２中水分圣筒体内表面化学反应而腐蚀损耗所带来的影响以及防范措施。     

提高低温电流比较仪测量准确度的几方面措施

通过对低温电流比较仪系统及运行过程的研究，发现了氦气气压波动、冻结磁通引起的附加噪声以及线圈匝数增多时分布电容引起的电流跳跃是限制系统不确定度停留在10^-9量级而不能进一步提高的原因。提出了一种新型的气压滤波器滤除了附加噪声。还改进了电路动态特性，改善了前馈补偿环节，把匝数比提高了5倍。运行过程中的电流跳跃现象也被消除。采用这些措施后，信噪比提高了5倍，新建的低温电流比较仪的测量准确度提高到了10^-10量级。     

奥氏体不锈钢在三种深冷储罐中的应用

本文介绍了子母型储罐、双层球罐、组合储罐各自的特点以及优缺点;结合三种不同结构的储罐,表明了奥氏体不锈钢可以良好用于深冷储罐。最后提出了选型的建议。     

Cryogenic propulsion for the Titan Orbiter Polar Surveyor (TOPS) mission

Liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (LO2) cryogenic propellants can dramatically enhance NASA’s ability to explore the solar system due to their superior specific impulse (I_sp) capability. Although these cryogenic propellants can be challenging to manage and store, they allow significant mass advantages over traditional hypergolic propulsion systems and are therefore enabling for many planetary science missions. New cryogenic storage techniques such as subcooling and the use of advanced insulation and low thermal conductivity support structures will allow for the long term storage and use of cryogenic propellants for solar system exploration and hence allow NASA to deliver more payloads to targets of interest, launch on smaller and less expensive launch vehicles, or both. These new cryogenic storage technologies were implemented in a design study for the Titan Orbiter Polar Surveyor (TOPS) mission, with LH2 and LO2 as propellants, and the resulting spacecraft design was able to achieve a 43% launch mass reduction over a TOPS mission, that utilized a traditional hypergolic propulsion system with mono-methyl hydrazine (MMH) and nitrogen tetroxide (NTO) propellants. This paper describes the cryogenic propellant storage design for the TOPS mission and demonstrates how these cryogenic propellants are stored passively for a decade-long Titan mission that requires the cryogenics propellants to be stored for 8.5 years.     

Development of a Cryogenic Detector for Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering

In Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering (CNNS) the neutrinos interact coherently with all nucleons leading to a cross section which is much larger than for all other neutrino interactions. Because of the small momentum transfer as well as the small recoil energy in CNNS, and the relatively low count rate, a low energy threshold and a large target mass (several hundred grams) are required to observe CNNS. Our aim is to build a cryodetector for that purpose. Such a cryodetector, installed in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant, could probe new physics like non-standard neutral current interactions or a neutrino magnetic moment. We describe the results of three detectors, with Ge absorbers of 0.8 and 3.2 g and with a CaWO₄ absorber of 10 g. For Ge (0.8 g) an energy threshold of 0.43 keV and an energy resolution of 0.27 keV at ∼6 keV could be reached. We demonstrate that surface roughness effects deteriorate both threshold and resolution. For the 10 g CaWO₄ absorber we obtained 0.27 keV and 0.35 keV for threshold and energy resolution at ∼6 keV respectively.      

以外供液氮替代膨胀机的深度冷冻循环

介绍空分制氮装置采用膨胀机循环与液氮循环的两种工艺流程及能量平衡 ,示出了两种循环的实例比较。指出外供液氮可以作为冷源替代膨胀机 ,且单耗低、操作更方便 ,设备维护量更小、氮气提取率更高     

Hot on the Tail of the Elusive WIMP: Cryogenic Dark Matter Searches in the 21st Century

It is now well established and accepted that the universe has a total density equal to the critical density (Ω=1) and that roughly 25% of that amount is accounted for by non-relativistic particles. That these particles, referred to as Dark Matter, have remained a mystery has served to motivate physicists to design more ingenious and far reaching experiments in an attempt to identify and understand them. This paper will review various ongoing and proposed Dark Matter searches which employ cryogenic techniques to both detect the rare Dark Matter interactions as well as reject the vast number of background events from cosmic ray and radioactive backgrounds. Such experiments are already sensitive to and are able to reject certain models of supersymmetry, and with the increases in sensitivity projected over the next few years may even be able to detect these elusive particles.