激光制备多层薄膜及铁电性能的研究

利用脉冲准分子激光淀积（ＰＬＤ）方法，在Ｓｉ基片上制备了ＢＩＴ／Ｓｉ〔１００〕、ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ／Ｓｉ〔１００〕和ＢＩＴ／ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ／Ｓｉ〔１００〕铁电薄膜。用ＸＲＤ分析了多层铁电薄膜的晶相结构；用Ｓａｗｙｅｒ－Ｔｏｗｅｒ电路研究了这些单层和多层铁电薄膜的铁电性能。结果表明，单层ＢＩＴ的矫顽场Ｅｃ为４ｋＶ／ｃｍ，剩余极化强度为３．４μＣ／ｃｍ２；ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ的矫顽场Ｅｃ为８２ｋＶ／ｃｍ，剩余极化强度Ｐｒ为３６μＣ／ｃｍ２；ＢＩＴ／ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ夹层铁电薄膜的矫顽场Ｅｃ为５７ｋＶ／ｃｍ，剩余极化强度Ｐｒ为２９μＣ／ｃｍ２。最后讨论了薄膜的铁电性能与多层结构的关系     

准分子激光扫描淀积PZT/YBCO结构铁电薄膜

利用脉冲准分子激光（工作气体ＸｅＣｌ，波长３０８ｎｍ，脉宽２８ｎｓ）在外延ＹＢＣＯ／ＬａＡｌＯ３（１００）单晶基片上淀积了Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ０．５５Ｔｉ０．４５）Ｏ３铁电薄膜，ＹＢＣＯ薄膜既为生长高取向ＰＺＴ薄膜提供了晶体匹配条件，同时也为ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜提供了下电极。讨论了工艺参数对晶相结构和表面形貌的影响。用Ｘ射线衍射表征了该多层膜的晶相结构，扫描电镜观察其表面形貌。ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜的剩余极化为２１μＣ／ｃｍ２，矫顽场为６５ｋＶ／ｃｍ。     

电化学还原法制备PZT薄膜

以Ｐｂ（ＮＯ３）２、ＴｉＣｌ３为电解质，利用电化学还原方法在不锈钢基底上制备了钙钛矿型ＰＺＴ薄膜，并对薄膜样品性能进行了测试，其介电系数接近１３００，介质损耗０．６，剩余极化强度１２μＣ／ｃｍ＾２，矫顽场强６３ｋＶ／ｃｍ。     

SBT铁电薄膜及其脉冲准分子激光制备

采用脉冲准分子激光沉积法在Ｐｔ／Ｔｉ／ＳｉＯ２／Ｓｉ衬底上成功地制备了ＳＢＴ铁电薄膜，发现存在一个最佳沉积衬底温度约为４５０℃。在该温度下沉积的ＳＢＴ薄膜具有较饱和的方形电滞回线，其剩余极化Ｐｒ和矫顽电场Ｅｃ分别为８．４μＣ／ｃｍ２和５７ｋＶ／ｃｍ。     

电极对PZT铁电薄膜性能的影响

用溶胶－凝胶法制备ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜。以Ｐｔ／Ｔｉ／ＳｉＯ２／Ｓｉ为底电极，Ａｕ为上电极，形成金属－铁电薄膜－金属结构的铁电电容器。研究电极对ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜结构和电性能的影响，实验发现，金属Ｔｉ的厚度会影响ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜的结构。界面层的存在使介电系数、自发极化、矫顽电压、漏电流都与薄膜的厚度有关。     

脉冲激光沉积铌酸锶钡铁电薄膜及其性能表征

利用脉冲激光沉积（ＰＬＤ）技术在ＭｇＯ、ＬＳＣＯ／ＭｇＯ衬底上在位制备了铌酸锶钡（ＳＢＮ）铁电薄膜,发现ＳＢＮ薄膜在ＭｇＯ、ＬＳＣＯ／ＭｇＯ衬底上均呈（００１）择优取向。用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）和原子力显微镜（ＡＦＭ）表明ＳＢＮ薄膜的晶粒细小致密,铁电微畴尺寸约为２００ｎｍ。ＳＢＮ薄膜的剩余极化强度为１８．６μＣ／ｃｍ２,矫顽场为２２．３ｋＶ／ｃｍ。     

钇掺杂锆钛酸铅铁电薄膜的电性能研究

对采用Sol-Gel法制备的钇掺杂锆钛酸铅铁电薄膜的电性能进行了研究。实验结果表明，由于钇离子（Y^3 ）的引入造成晶格畸变，使掺钇后的PZT铁电薄膜比未掺钇时具有更大的剩余极化强度、更小的矫顽场和漏电流。此外，钇掺杂锆钛酸铅铁电薄膜具有良好的介电性能，在室温和10kHz频率下，其介电常数和介电损耗分别为437和0．043。     

脉冲准分子激光PZT薄膜的制备

本实验采用脉冲准分子激光沉积（ＰＬＤ）法，在１９３ｎｍ波长，５Ｈｚ频率，４Ｊ／ｃｍ２能量密度条件下，分别在Ｓｉ（１００）和ＳｉＯ２／Ｓｉ衬底上成功地沉积Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ，Ｔｉ）Ｏ３（ＰＺＴ）薄膜，并在不同的条件下对ＰＺＴ薄膜进行退火处理。用ＸＲＤ，ＲＢＳ，ＡＳＲ等方法分别测量了薄膜的结构、组份和厚度。     

多层结构铁电薄膜的I—V特性性能的研究

为ＦＲＡＭ、ＦＦＥＴ和ＦＤＭ的实际应用研究，提出了多层结构铁电薄膜的设计思想，实际制备了Ｍ／ＢＩＴ／ｐ－Ｓｉ、Ｍ／ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ／ｐ－Ｓｉ、Ｍ／ＢＩＴ／ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ／ｐ－Ｓｉ三种结构铁电薄膜，并测量了它们的Ｉ－Ｖ特性曲线。结果表明，夹层结构铁电薄膜Ｍ／ＢＩＴ／ＰＺＴ／ＢＩＴ／ｐ－Ｓｉ漏电流密度Ｊ最小，在５００ｎｍ厚时Ｊ＋（＋３Ｖ）约２．８×１０－１０Ａ／ｍｍ２，Ｊ－（－３Ｖ）约１．２×１０－１２Ａ／ｍｍ２优于单层和双层结构铁电薄膜的结果。     

硅基PT/PZT/PT夹心结构的性能研究

在已有的以夫机锆盐为原料,用Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ方法制备硅基Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ０．５３Ｔｉ０．４７）Ｏ３（ＰＺＴ）铁电薄膜的工艺基础上,地制备出ＰｂＴｉＯ３／Ｐｂ（Ｚｒ０．５３Ｔｉ０．４７Ｏ３／ＰｂＴｉＯ３（ＰＴ／ＰＺＴ／ＰＴ）夹心式新结构。由于采用了这种闪心式结构,使得ＰＺＴ铁电薄膜的退火温度由原来的９００℃降到了７００℃。通过实验检验了新结构的铁电和介电性能。发现夹心结构有助于提高ＰＺＴ薄膜的品质。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first