硅石焦做还原剂冶炼硅锰合金

在9000kVA电炉上分别用硅石焦和冶金焦做还原剂冶炼硅锰合金的试验表明,用硅石焦做还原剂,锰回收率由用冶金焦时的73.5％提高到76.5％,产品中锰含量由64.5％提高到67.2％,电耗平均降低了135kWh,证明了硅石焦是冶炼硅锰合金的优良还原剂。     

组合还原剂在锰硅合金生产中的研究与应用

随着近年来冶金焦大幅涨价，采购也较困难，严重制约锰硅合金的生产。通过冶金性能分析，对蓝炭、无烟煤等碳质还原剂在有渣法锰硅合金冶炼上的应用进行了论证，认为采用蓝炭或无烟煤与冶金焦相互搭配使用，可以取得较好的技术经济指标和经济效益。     

配用硅铁粉冶炼锰硅合金

配用75%硅铁粉,减少硅石配入量,在1800kVA电炉上冶炼锰硅合金的实践表明,渣中SiO_2含量平均下降4.4％,渣量减少405kg,渣中锰下降1.95％,锰回收率提高6.3％。     

铁硅焦做还原剂冶炼硅铁

中等粘结性高挥分煤和铁精矿，硅石粉做原料炼出的铁硅焦代替冶金焦和钢屑，在１８００ｋＶＡ铁合金电炉上进行了冶炼７５硅铁的试验。结果证明，此铁硅焦不但可代替冶金焦，节约了优质炼焦煤资源，解决了钢屑紧张的困难，而且炭还原剂单耗降低５０－６０ｋｇ／ｇ，硅铁产量增加了１０－２０％。     

硅锰合金炉外降碳可能性的探讨

前言中低碳锰铁是炼钢中重要的脱氧剂和合金添加剂,而硅锰合金是冶炼中低碳锰铁用的还原剂,为满足中低碳锰铁对碳含量的要求,一般要求硅锰合金中含碳量小于1.3%。但是在硅锰合金冶炼中,由于碳和硅存在一定关系,即硅高碳低,硅低碳高,因而要使碳低就得冶炼含硅较高的硅锰合金,     

不加硅石冶炼锰硅合金的探讨

分析了在锰硅电炉冶炼过程中影响SiO2还原的因素.当SiO2的还原率高,混合锰矿中SiO2含量适当时,可以实现不加硅石冶炼锰硅合金.在设定Si回收率条件下,对混合锰矿中应含SiO2的量进行了计算,并介绍了冶炼锰硅不加硅石的生产实践.     

微波处理低品位锰矿冶炼硅锰合金试验研究

对微波加热国产低品位锰矿含碳球团冶炼硅锰合金进行试验研究,探明了还原剂种类、配碳系数、碱度等对锰元素回收率的影响。结果表明,采用微波加热含碳低品位锰矿球团可以冶炼出硅锰合金。以木炭为还原剂时,锰回收率可达63.3%,冶炼效果明显优于兰碳。配碳系数及碱度对冶炼效果有明显影响,最佳配碳系数为1.3,最佳碱度为0.7。通过混合高品位锰矿的方式,提高混合锰矿中锰含量,对锰元素回收率没有明显影响。     

优选还原剂生产硅铬合金工艺浅析

通过对冶金焦与蓝炭的主要成分、性能、价格进行对比分析，并结合硅铬合金生产工艺的特点，对还原剂进行了重新选择，即优先选择性价比高的还原剂（100％使用蓝炭）生产工艺的特点，对还原剂进行了重新选择，即：优先选择价比高的还原剂（100％使蓝炭）生产硅铬合金，实现了降低电耗，提高经济效益的目的。     

用高碳铬铁渣作造渣剂冶炼锰硅合金的实践

介绍了用高碳铬铁渣做造渣剂冶炼锰硅合金的生产实践。结果表明 ,采用高碳铬铁渣冶炼锰硅合金可以增加产量、降低电耗、提高产品质量 ,具有一定的经济效益     

稳定化处理的金属锰废渣在熔炼再制硅锰合金中的利用

再制硅锰合金是用容量为5000KVA固定式电炉以连续法熔炼。炉料组成为:再制锰渣、硅石、焦炭和石灰(石灰石)。根据再制硅锰合金冶炼过程的温度、炉料的物理化学特性及锰和硅氧化物同时还原机理的实验数据,可以认为锰和硅的还原过程是在炉渣熔体中进行反应的。因此,决定将稳定化处理的金属锰废渣配加到炉料中以部分地取代     

高铁锰矿粉熔融还原生产富锰渣新技术

富锰渣是电炉冶炼硅锰合金的原料,而高炉法是冶炼富锰渣的主要方法,但该方法存在工艺流程长,焦炭消耗量大,铅、锌等易挥发金属影响冶炼等问题。提出了高铁锰矿熔融还原冶炼富锰渣新技术,该技术具有工艺流程短,不需要消耗焦炭,铅、锌等金属可以综合回收等优点。试验研究结果表明,高铁锰矿熔融还原生产富锰渣工艺是可行的,在还原温度为1 400 ℃、还原时间为20 min的条件下,渣铁可以完全分离,铁、锰回收率高。     

红土镍矿电炉熔炼提取镍铁合金的研究

采用电炉直接还原熔炼工艺从红土镍矿中提取镍铁合金,研究了还原剂(焦粉)和熔剂(石灰石)配比对合金中镍品位、金属回收率及硫、磷在渣和合金中分配比(LS,LP)的影响及行为。综合考虑镍铁合金中镍的品位和金属回收率,试验确定了最佳熔炼条件:焦粉配比11%,熔剂配比11%。在最佳条件下,合金中镍品位为22.8%,镍回收率达97.6%,LS,LP分别为0.024和0.145。     

铁焦高温冶金性能评价方法的研究进展

摘要：铁焦作为低碳高炉炼铁的一种新型碳铁复合炉料,其高温冶金性能至关重要。铁焦的高温冶金性能直接关系到其在高炉内的实际应用以及高炉的冶炼效率。国内外相关学者对铁焦的高温冶金性能做了试验研究,并相继提出了评价铁焦高温冶金性能的新方法。但是,目前还没有统一的合理的铁焦高温冶金性能评价方法。总结了当前铁焦高温冶金性能评价方法的研究现状及进展。同时,采用各种方法评价铁焦高温冶金性能,并与相同条件下焦炭的高温冶金性能进行对比。通过分析比较,并结合高炉冶炼的实际情况,提出了较为科学的评价铁焦高温冶金性能的新方法。新评价方法的提出,将为铁焦的生产制备和高炉应用提供理论参考。     

Carbothermic reduction of domestic chromites

Maximizing minerals recovery from domestic resources and minimizing the energy requirements of mineral processing constitute two goals of the Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior. Accordingly, the Bureau has determined that coal char is generally the preferred reductant among commercially available carbonaceous materials in laboratory scale reduction experiments in argon between 1100 and 1500°C on a domestic metallurgical grade chromite with respect to the degree of reduction and metallization. For a domestic high iron chromite, coal char is preferred between 1100 and 1300°C, whereas metallurgical coke is the reductant of choice at 1400 and 1500°C. Both domestic chromites display generally similar reduction characteristics. The degrees of reduction and metallization are proportional to the time and/or temperature used and generally the rate of reduction is greatest during the first 15 min. The high iron chromite is more easily reduced, especially at the higher temperatures. Relatively simple kinetic equations cannot adequately describe the reduction mechanism for both chromites. The reduction may be nucleation controlled, especially under conditions of interest to commercial operations. The results could be used as a guideline for prereducing domestic chromites for subsequent smelting operations.     

试论氢冶金工程学

由于炼焦煤和焦炭资源的日益短缺,限制了传统炼铁工业的进一步发展.进行了发展氢冶金工艺,替代碳还原剂的可行性分析.认为氢作为还原剂用于炼铁工艺,不仅可行,而且有许多传统炼铁工艺不可比拟的优势.     

小块焦对高炉焦比的影响

在高炉冶炼过程中小块焦一直被认为只是作为资源再利用,使用时常常不被看好。通过实验室的探索性研究,了解到小块焦的粒度效应对其失重率作用很大,小块焦的反应性相对于冶金焦有很大的提高。可以认为小块焦在炉内改善了还原性,有促进矿石还原作用。小块焦的大量气化吸热有降低热储备区温度的倾向,对高炉的燃料消耗进一步降低起了一定作用。750 m3高炉的生产性试验结果表明,提高小块焦的用量有利于燃料消耗的降低,其他工艺参数不变,增加1 kg/t的小块焦相当于置换焦比1.19 kg/t。     

Coal-dust fuel and blast-furnace production in Ukraine

The possibility of introducing coal-dust fuel at Ukrainian metallurgical plants is considered. The use of coal dust in blast furnaces at rates of 120 kg/t of hot metal immediately reduces coke consumption by 2.7 million t and natural-gas consumption by 1.2 billion m³. In addition, by compensation of the negative impact of coal dust on the technology, the time for conversion to blast-furnace smelting based on coal-dust fuel may be reduced to a year.     

Reduction of FeO in EAF Steelmaking Slag by Blends of Metallurgical Coke and End‐of‐Life Tyre

The reduction of FeO‐containing slag by blends of metallurgical coke and end‐of‐life tyres (RT) have been investigated through experiments conducted in a laboratory‐scale horizontal tube furnace. Composite pellets of EAF slag (47.1% FeO) with coke, RT, and blends of coke/RT (in four different proportions) were rapidly heated at 1550°C under high purity argon gas and the off gas was continuously analyzed for CO and CO₂using an online infrared (IR) gas analyzer. The extent of reduction after 10 min, level of carburization and desulfurization, and the total amount of CO₂ emissions were determined for each carbonaceous reductant. The results indicate that the extent of reduction, level of carburization and desulfurization of the reduced metal are significantly improved when coke is blended with RT. Blending of coke with RT resulted in a decrease in direct CO₂ emissions from the reduction reactions.     

Production and blast-furnace smelting of boron-alloyed iron-ore pellets

Industrial test data are presented regarding the production (at Sokolovsk-Sarbaisk mining and enrichment enterprise) and blast-furnace smelting (at Magnitogorsk metallurgical works) of boron-alloyed iron-ore pellets (500000 t). It is shown that, thanks to the presence of boron, the compressive strength of the roasted pellets is increased by 18.5%, while the strength in reduction is doubled; the limestone consumption is reduced by 11%, the bentonite consumption is halved, and the dust content of the gases in the last section of the roasting machines is reduced by 20%. In blast-furnace smelting, the yield of low-sulfur (<0.02%) hot metal is increased from 65–70 to 85.1% and the furnace productivity from 2.17–2.20 to 2.27 t/(m³ day); coke consumption is reduced by 3–8 kg/t of hot metal. The plasticity and stamping properties of 08 ю auto-industry steel are improved by microadditions of boron.