Knowledge Acquisition Advisor (KA): An interactive knowledge-acquisition tool for expert system development

A new interactive knowledge acquisition tool, called Knowledge Acquisition Advisor (KA²), is presented in this paper. The new tool will help knowledge engineers to conduct effective knowledge-elicitation interviews with domain experts through structured knowledge acquisition for both analytic and synthetic problems. A graphic modeling data structure, called Knowledge Graph is proposed, which allows knowledge engineers to model domain problems with their images and understanding. By using Knowledge Graph, knowledge engineers are able to decompose a domain problem into several components, to model the feature of each component, and to explore their relations by linking them with sets of questions. These questions can later be employed to guide the KA interview. Moreover, KA² is particularly useful for interview through computer networks, so the knowledge acquisition can take place remotely.     

优先级继承协议在Linux中的实现

随着Linux被越来越多地用于实时系统中,实时性能也日益受到关注。通过将Linux的内核改造为可抢占式内核,可缩短系统的响应延时,提高Linux的实时性,但同时也带来了优先级逆转的问题。为了解决优先级逆转问题,基于可抢占式的Linux内核,对Linux内核相关源代码进行修改,实现了优先级继承协议。经过测试证明,采用优先级继承协议的抢占式Linux内核能够解决优先级逆转的问题,满足系统的实时要求。     

Concept classifier for knowledge acquisition in frame-based systems

Frame-based systems that employ inheritance networks as a form of knowledge representation have a number of inherent knowledge acquisition problems, one of the most significant being the transfer to the representation system of knowledge itself. The problem of concept classification, and specifically that of determining the location of a new concept in an existing network inheritance hierarchy, is discussed here using an experimental knowledge-base editor, KRE. Tools which support the process of knowledge base construction must allow the user to concentrate on the domain problems, and not on low level, representation system decisions. KRE, written in C, is a knowledge acquisition tool which assists the knowledge engineer by using an interactive acquisition strategy during the process of concept classification. The processes of classification, and its advantages over other knowledge representation systems, are presented.     

基于规则的网上审批系统的设计与实现

现有的审批系统在流转过程中,每步都需要人工参与,会导致因某个部门处理不及时而延误了项目的审批。在分析审批项目模版结构和目前审批系统的基础上,给出一种基于规则的网上审批系统的设计方案以及系统的实现策略。这种方案使得项目的审批工作可以根据用户的设置自动完成或者手工处理,从而提高工作效率。     

Feature engineering for semantic place prediction

We present in this paper our winning solution to Dedicated Task 1 in Nokia Mobile Data Challenge (MDC). MDC Task 1 is to infer the semantic category of a place based on the smartphone sensing data obtained at that place. We approach this task in a standard supervised learning setting: we extract discriminative features from the sensor data and use state-of-the-art classifiers (SVM, Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Family) to build classification models. We have found that feature engineering, or in other words, constructing features using human heuristics, is very effective for this task. In particular, we have proposed a novel feature engineering technique, Conditional Feature (CF), a general framework for domain-specific feature construction. In total, we have generated 2,796,200 features and in our final five submissions we use feature selection to select 100 to 2000 features. One of our key findings is that features conditioned on fine-granularity time intervals, e.g. every 30 min, are most effective. Our best 10-fold CV accuracy on training set is 75.1% by Gradient Boosted Trees, and the second best accuracy is 74.6% by L1-regularized Logistic Regression. Besides the good performance, we also report briefly our experience of using F# language for large-scale (～70 GB raw text data) conditional feature construction.     

Nutrition for Elder Care: a nutritional semantic recommender system for the elderly

The awareness and familiarity of elderly people with the use of new technologies have increased considerably in the last few years, which consequently cause a higher willingness to the use of these technologies in their daily lives. This allows the elderly to benefit from technology through active and conscious participation in activities related to health, leisure and promotion of social relationships, fostering active ageing. Three large dimensions cover almost a major part of health care within the framework of early and intermediate stages of active ageing: physical exercise, healthy nutrition and cognitive stimulation. In this paper, we present a nutritional recommender system, Nutrition for Elder Care, intended to help elderly users to draw up their own healthy diet plans following the nutritional experts guidelines. The system has been developed with the intensive use of Semantic Web technologies pursuing knowledge sharing and reuse between different applications and agents and the discovering of implicit new knowledge.     

基于规则与ANN的铣削加工参数匹配知识库研究

分析铣削加工参数匹配关系及其知识表示,针对产生式规则难以全面、高效表示加工参数定量匹配知识的问题,提出应用规则推理与人工神经网络（ANN）混合技术构建知识库的方法,给出了参数定量匹配知识表示的神经网络模型和改进的Vogl知识获取方法,运用手册上提供的最复杂样本集数据进行实验验证,结果表明提出的方法具有较好的知识表示性能。最后就如何应用该技术开发面向铣削加工的参数匹配知识库系统展开论述。     

基于关系型数据库的主动信息系统研究与实现

该文提出了基于关系型数据库的主动信息系统设计方法,用统一而方便的机制实现来自数据库或来自于应用程序的主动性需求。结合应用系统的开发,论述了实现主动信息系统的关键技术。     

Acquisition and validation of complex object database schemata supporting multiple inheritance

We present an intelligent tool for the acquisition of object-oriented schemata supporting multiple inheritance, which preserves taxonomy coherence and performs taxonomic inferences. Its theoretical framework is based onterminological logics, which have been developed in the area of artificial intelligence. The framework includes a rigorous formalization of complex objects, which is able to express cyclic references on the schema and instance level; asubsumption algorithm, which computes all impliedspecialization relationships between types; and an algorithm to detectincoherent types, i.e., necessarily empty types. Using results from formal analyses of knowledge representation languages, we show that subsumption and incoherence detection are computationally intractable from a theoretical point of view. However, the problems appear to be feasible in almost all practical cases.     

Using single-layered neural networks for the extraction of conjunctive rules and hierarchical classifications

Machine Learning is an area concerned with the automation of the process of knowledge acquisition. Neural networks generally represent their knowledge at the lower level, while knowledge based systems use higher level knowledge representations. The method we propose here, provides a technique which automatically allows us to extract production rules from the lower level representation used by a single-layered neural networks trained by Hebb's rule. Even though a single-layered neural network can not model complex, nonlinear domains, their strength in dealing with noise has enabled us to produce correct rules in a noisy domain.     

Principles for principals

The experience of the last 50 years in the engineering, acquisition and integration of large, complex electronic systems in both the civilian and military sectors has not been good, and there is considerable room for improvement. In an attempt to provide lessons learned and to summarize and codify some 40+ years of experience in this field, a set of ten principles are presented. They cover such topics as planning, leadership, organization, modularization and testing.The keynote speech delivered at the Second International Conference on Systems Integration, Morristown, New Jersey, June 15–18, 1992.     

A frame knowledge system for managing financial decision knowledge

Managing decision knowledge or expertise from domain experts is one of the most exciting challenges in today’s knowledge management field. The nature of decision knowledge in determining a firm’s financial health is context-dependent, intangible, and tacit in nature. Knowledge-based systems (KBS) have been recognized as a successful paradigm for managing financial decision knowledge attributed to possessing capabilities of reasoning and enhancing the consistency of decision-making. However, most present KBS adopt rules as the knowledge representation scheme, which cannot express the expert’s knowledge construct systematically when dealing with more numerous and disordered knowledge connotations. In addition, the standalone nature of the systems hinders them from deploying onto heterogeneous platforms and cannot accommodate to the emerging Web-enabled environment. To reduce these flaws, this study proposes a frame knowledge system in which the structural and procedural decision knowledge is encapsulated so that unnecessary interference can be avoided. A protocol analysis, before encapsulation, is conducted to elicit the tacit and unstructured knowledge from a senior CPA we cooperated with. The deployment and Web enabling issue is tackled by using Jess and Java interoperable computing. With these combined, it is possible to prompt the understandability, accessibility, and reusability of KBS. The effectiveness of the proposed system is validated in supporting the expert’s decision-making by conducting an empirical experimentation on 537 companies listed in the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation.     

基于Web的交通工程管理系统设计与实现

提出了基于Web的交通工程管理系统的设计方案,从权限管理、工程信息管理、图文档管理等方面讨论了该系统方案的实现方法。     

嵌入式系统中LCD控制器通用驱动程序的设计和实现

液晶显示已成为嵌入式系统应用的一个重要组成部分.使同一LCD控制器的驱动程序移植到各种嵌入式微处理器平台上,能极大地提高LCD驱动的复用性和开发效率,降低产品开发风险和成本.本文给出了一种嵌入式系统中LCD控制器通用驱动程序的设计和实现方法,并以TOSHIBA公司CMOS型单色LCD控制器T6963C为例,介绍了其通用驱动程序的设计及其在AT89C52、SPCE061A及PHILIPS ARM LPC2106上的移植过程.     

基于J2EE的期刊管理系统的架构设计与实现

提出了一种基于J2EE的期刊网络化管理框架,阐明该框架的设计原理和运行过程,详细分析了期刊管理系统的设计需求和功能划分,并对实施实例的特点进行了说明。     

基于语义分类和描述框架的网络攻击知识抽取研究及其应用

随着计算机技术的迅猛发展,自然语言处理成为计算机科学领域与人工智能领域中的一个重要方向,且文本知识获取(knowledge acquisition from text, KAT)是人工智能的重要研究内容。当前对于文本研究,大多采用关键字以及机器学习方法,准确率并不高。该文提出了一种基于语义文法的中文网络攻击事件知识获取方法。首先介绍参考FrameNet构建的语义分类和描述框架,它在现代汉语基本句模分类的基础上进行了扩充和改进。其次,重点介绍了攻击文本中最常见的遭受类语义类的设计和形成过程。然后将语义分类和描述框架应用在“网络安全”领域,形成“网络攻击语义类”,并介绍在建立“网络攻击语义类”时遇到的难题,包括文法的设计中对事元的确定、复合句的处理、“的是”结构句型的分析设计、谓词设计等。最后,使用国家某安全部门提供的真实数据进行网络攻击知识抽取,实验表明该方法具有较高的准确率。     

第三方IT服务知识库系统研究与实现

信息化的发展使得知识成为企业发展的战略资源.第三方 IT 服务机构需要具备充足的知识储备和技术支持为客户提供服务,促进投资效益,但是企业对知识的管理和利用却存在很多问题,导致知识严重浪费.本文采取B/S和MVC模式设计一套用于第三方IT服务的知识库系统,利用数据库关系模型对知识的分类和存储进行描述,并对知识库建设的关键...     

关于知识工程的发展综述

人工智能与计算机技术的结合产生了所谓"知识工程",本文首先从知识工程的基本概念入手,依次对其包含的知识的获取、知识的表示和知识的运用三大要素进行详细的总结概述,同时提出将知识管理加入知识工程对于其实戢应用的巨大作用.     

基于领域本体的半结构化文本知识自动获取方法的设计和实现

文章介绍了一种新的基于领域本体的文本知识自动获取方法的设计和实现．通过引入领域本体,实现了半结构化文本知识的完全自动获取．该方法具有较好的通用性,把人们从繁重的手工劳动中解放出来,并能极大地提高知识获取的效率．已经设计并实现了：基于领域本体的知识获取方法OMKast;一种参数化的知识编程语言ePKPL,用以实现OMKast、ePKPL虚拟机VM（即ePKPI,运行环境）．目前,这项工作已经在中草药、音乐、西医等领域进行了应用,取得了满意的结果．