舰载Ku波段卫星通信雨衰分析及解决措施

雨衰是影响Ku波段卫星通信系统传输质量及系统性能的主要因素之一.本文介绍了Ku波段卫星通信中雨衰产生的机理及其对卫星信道的影响,并提出了有效减少雨衰对Ku波段卫星通信不利影响的策略.     

Ka频段卫星通信典型地区雨衰分析与补偿方法探讨

本文首先介绍了Ka频段卫星通信雨衰产生机理及ITU-R雨衰预测模型。然后重点介绍了103°E在轨Ka卫星在我国各雨域地区（典型城市）的雨衰情况。最后联系以往Ku频段工程实施经验,总结出常用的三种Ka频段卫星通信抗雨衰补偿方法：分集技术中的业务速率分集技术、功率控制技术中的上行链路开环功率控制技术和自适应编码技术中的自适应纠错编码技术。     

Ku波段卫星通信雨衰分析及对抗措施

雨衰是影响Ku波段卫星通信系统传输质量及系统性能的主要因素之一。本文介绍了Ku波段卫星通信中雨衰产生的机理及其对信道的影响,并提出了有效减少雨衰对Ku波段卫星通信不利影响的措施。     

Q/V频段卫星通信发展现状与关键技术分析

随着航天技术的发展与用户对大通信容量、 高传输带宽的迫切需求,GEO-HTS、NGSO-HTS快速发展,全球各大卫星运营商纷纷申请使用Q/V频段进行馈电链路传输.针对Q/V高频段在抗雨衰损耗和射频器件成熟度方面存在的短板,对国外搭建的Q/V频段卫星通信试验系统以及所采用的抗雨衰技术、射频器件技术进行了简要介绍,综合提出...     

Ku波段卫星通信雨衰预测

世界许多国家都建立了很多的国内卫星通信系统和国际卫星通信系统。由于通信的容量的逐步增大,很多业务正由以前的C波段向现在的Ka、Ku波段过渡。Ku波段卫星通信比C波段卫星通信带宽大、抗干扰性强、地球站的直径小且更容易安装,但是Ku波段的雨衰相对于C波段更大。目前Ku卫星在全国大部分地区的空管单位都有装备,用作地面链路的备份。空管单位保障民用航空器正常飞行的工作特点决定了它对数据传输的可靠性有着极高的高求。对Ku卫星雨衰的研究对实际的安全保障工作具有指导意义。文章借助几种数学模型对雨衰进行预测并加以比较分析。     

Ku频段地面移动卫星多媒体传输系统分析

介绍了一种宽带Ku频段地面移动卫星多媒体传输系统。对地面移动卫星通信地球站特点进行了分析。针对3种天线口径进行了卫星链路计算，并对计算结果进行了分析。     

卫星通信链路中的雨衰动态特性分析

雨衰是高频段(Ka、V等)卫星通信链路传输损耗中的一个重要因素。在进行系统工程设计时,低可用度系统需要预留一定的雨衰余量,高可用度系统需要采取自适应抗雨衰措施。卫星通信向高频段发展是未来趋势,因此,有必要研究雨衰的动态特性,为抗雨衰技术的有效性设计提供依据。介绍了雨衰的动态特性和国内外的一些研究成果,并结合我国某地实测数据进行了分析。     

卫星链路降雨衰减的测量及频率换算

利用雨量计、频谱仪、计算机等设备,对武汉地区某时段降雨率和Ku频段卫星下行链路(12GHz)的降雨衰减进行了测量.通过数据处理,得到降雨率与降雨衰减的关系.经频率换算得到了相同条件下Ka频段卫星下行链路(20GHz)的降雨率与降雨衰减的关系.针对ITU - R预测模型的不精确性,根据频率换算值对预测模型进行修正.该换算值可为该链路Ka频段卫星通信抗雨衰方案的设计提供理论依据.     

Ku频段卫星通信链路设计

本文举例说明在一个Ku频段卫星通信链路中 ,卫星增益、EIRP、载波 /噪声比等之间的关系 ,并对Ku频段卫星通信链路的参数选择进行分析。     

一种LEO-S频段星地链路传输体制研究

由于低轨卫星系统(LEO)具有传输时延短、传输损耗低等优点，对于实现宽带业务、终端的小型化非常有利；另外，S 频段抗雨衰能力强，天线尺寸小造价低，使其很适合卫星移动电话、区域内多用户间数据等业务通信场合。本文针对目前低轨卫星通信需求提出了一种 LEO_S 频段星地链路传输体制，结合用户数量及传输速率要求，对上下行链路的传输体制进行了研究，计算了上下行链路的余量，并有针对性地提出了星地链路抗干扰措施。     

降雨对于CAPS微小卫星终端通信的影响

中国区域卫星定位系统（CAPS）是卫星导航通信一体化的系统。当利用CAPS微小卫星终端系统进行卫星通信时,所用的天线口径极小,增益低,终端的有效全向辐射功率EIRP。较小,整个通信链路的余量较小。虽然C波段的降雨衰减远没有Ku波段大,但是相对于微小卫星终端的整个卫星通信链路来说,降雨带来的信号衰减、地球站接收天线G／T值的变化以及对卫星通信上、下行链路载噪比的影响也是不可忽视的。文章对这些影响进行了分析,并利用ITU—R给出的降雨衰减预报模式,给出了C波段的降雨衰减的计算方法及结果,并且分析了降雨对CAPS微小卫星通信系统的整个链路余量的影响。     

Ku频段卫星通信技术在地球站工程设计中的应用

介绍了降雨对Ｋｕ频段卫星通信传输系统的影响;分析了有关Ｋｕ频段卫星通信地球站工程设计中需要考虑的有关技术问题。     

Diurnal variations in rain attenuation on Ku band earth–space paths

This paper presents analytical results of the diurnal variations in Ku band rain attenuation along earth–space paths at four locations in Southeast Asia and proposes a new model that can predict rain fade in a short period of every 2 h daily. Data from four radiometers and four rain gauges over a 3 year period were analysed to obtain the characteristics of diurnal variations in rain attenuation and rainfall as well as cumulative attenuation distributions in every 2 h interval. The results of this analysis are applied to develop an intensive prediction model using the knowledge of rainfall and attenuation statistics. This model is tested with the measured data and is found to be useful for the design of a more efficient Ku band satellite system especially between 99 per cent and 99·9 per cent link availability in an area of heavy rainfall. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ku波段卫星广播中雨衰现象的研究

对Ｋｕ波段电波传播的特点进行了分析,根据ＣＣＩＲ建议的方法和接收天线的仰角及电波的极化角数值,对Ｋｕ波段的雨衰进行了定量计算,并将雨衰曲线标在全国地图之上,根据雨衰曲线可以对卫星Ｋｕ波段转发器天线的波束图进行优化设计,也可以对卫星接收系统进行合理的设计以减少降雨产生的影响。     

Channel Capacity Statistics of an Interfered Broadband Satellite Link

Satellite communication networks play an important role in the “digital divide” problem, by offering broadband services everywhere in the world. The ever increasing demand for multimedia services has led to the use of Ku, Ka and V band in modern satellite communication networks. In these frequency bands, rain attenuation is the most dominant propagation fading mechanism. Moreover, interference due to propagation phenomena deteriorates the performance of the satellite links and should be taken into account for the reliable design of satellite communication networks. In this paper, an analytical physical mathematical propagation model is presented for the prediction of channel capacity statistics of a dual-polarized interfered broadband satellite link. Rain attenuation spatial inhomogeneity is incorporated in the analysis with the employment of correlated slant paths. The obtained numerical results show the significance of these effects to channel capacity estimation. Finally, the proposed model may be used towards the optimum utilization of the satellite channel capacity by means of adaptive fade mitigation schemes.     

30/20-GHz domestic satellite communication system in the public communication network of Japan: Design and operation

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation (NTT) initiated the world's first 30/20-GHz domestic satellite communication system for commercial use, using CS-2s launched from Japan in 1983. This system utilizes TDMA digital communication in the trunk transmission route of the public communication network, which includes interregional-center routes and main-island-to-remoteisland routes. Small transportable earth stations enable easy access to the public communication network from any place in Japan. The adoption of the 30/20-GHz band enables use of a compact on-board antenna that has a shaped beam that effectively covers the main islands of Japan. It also enables the use of high-performance, compact antennas at the earth stations. These antennas can easily be installed on the roof of telephone offices or set on motor vehicles. One apparent disadvantage of using the 30/20-GHz band is rain attenuation. However, NTT has realized a commercial system that is affected very little by rain attenuation. This was accomplished by utilizing high-performance radio equipment and by concentrating on appropriate system design. Adoption of the 30/20-GHz band is quite significant because the wide bandwidth available enables construction of high-capacity economical transmission systems. It also enables use of small antennas, which allow construction of high-speed digital direct-to-user transmission systems using small earth stations. These expand the application of the domestic satellite communication system to even small service areas. Therefore, NTT considers satellite communication to be of primary importance for its proposed digital communication network, and has begun research on a high-capacity, economical, multibeam communication satellite system using the 30/20-GHz band. This paper describes the 30/20-GHz band radio technology, digital communication technology utilizing high-speed TDMA, and operational technology in the public communication network.     

Estimation of Effective Transmission Loss Due to Subtropical Hydrometeor Scatters using a 3D Rain Cell Model for Centimeter and Millimeter Wave Applications

The problem of hydrometeor scattering on microwave radio communication down links continues to be of interest as the number of the ground and earth space terminals continually grows The interference resulting from the hydrometeor scattering usually leads to the reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the affected terminal and at worst can even end up in total link outage. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compute the effective transmission loss due to subtropical hydrometeors on vertically polarized signals in Earth–satellite propagation paths in the Ku, Ka and V band frequencies based on the modified Capsoni 3D rain cell model. The 3D rain cell model has been adopted and modified using the subtropical log-normal distributions of raindrop sizes and introducing the equivalent path length through rain in the estimation of the attenuation instead of the usual specific attenuation in order to account for the attenuation of both wanted and unwanted paths to the receiver. The co-channels, interference at the same frequency is very prone to the higher amount of unwanted signal at the elevation considered. The importance of joint transmission is also considered.     

Time diversity evaluation for attenuation mitigation method using attenuation data in Thailand and Japan

In order to support future satellite broadcasting and communication in the Ka band and above, the time diversity method provides a novel attenuation mitigation technique for maintaining satellite service availability at levels between 99.9 and 99.99%. In this paper, the time diversity method is analyzed using various time delays from between 1 min and 1 h in an effort to mitigate convective rain attenuation by using various beacon signal transmission delays. For comparison purposes, receiver beacon data from Japan and Thailand are presented to highlight tropical and non‐tropical zone regional differences, and the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) R P.618‐12 standard is used for scaling up the Thaicom beacon frequencies from 12.57 and 12.59 GHz in the Ku band to 19.45 GHz, which is the Ka band frequency used by Japan's communication satellite (CS) beacon. We found that the time diversity method is very useful for mitigating the effects of rain attenuation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Total CNIDR degradation during rain fade conditions of a dual polarized satellite link suffering from double adjacent satellite interference

Atmospheric impairments have a significant influence on the performance of modern satellite communication networks, working at Ku, Ka and potentially Q/V frequency bands. Both differential rain attenuation from an adjacent satellite system, operating at the same frequency range, and cross‐polarization phenomena on dual polarized satellite systems due to rain and ice crystals, induce a further aggravation on the already limited signal‐to‐noise‐plus‐total‐interference ratio (CNIDR), due to the frequency and orbital congestion of today's global communication satellite constellation. In the present paper, a new statistical methodology, towards the modelling of CNIDR under rain fade conditions, is proposed to include interference effects by two adjacent satellites, incorporating the impact of correlated fading channels (spatial rainfall inhomogeneity) of multiple slant paths. The method is based on a convective raincell model and the lognormal assumption for both the point rain‐rate statistics and the slant‐path rain attenuation. The obtained numerical results indicate the significant impact of the second interfering satellite on the aggravation of total interference effects. Some simple mathematical formulas for the prediction of the CNIDR, based on the derived theoretical results, and demonstrating the influence of various link parameters on the total link availability statistics, are also presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.