水热合成单晶La 1-x Ca x MnO3系列纳米线

采用水热法，成功地合成了一系列单晶La1-xCaxMnO3（x=0．3、0．5、0．75）纳米线．X射线衍射（XRD）的结果表明所制备的样品是纯的La1-xCaxMnO3正交相（x=0．3、0．5、0．75）纳米线．透射电子显微镜（TEM）的照片清晰地显示所制备的样品是由大量直径均匀（约90nm）、长度从几微米至几十微米的La1-xCaxMnO3的单晶纳米线构成．La0．5Ca0．5MnO3纳米线清晰的高分辨电子显微镜（HRTEM）的图片表明纳米线的表面是光滑的。没有任何缺陷且La0．5Ca0．5MnO3纳米线沿〈100〉方向生长．La0．5Ca0．5MnO3纳米线磁测量的结果表明相对于块材来说纳米线的疋有明显地提高，这是由于晶胞收缩和形状各向异性所致．     

Ca掺杂EuMnO3体系的磁性和磁卡效应研究

采用传统的高温固相反应法制备了钙钛矿氧化物Eu1-xCaxMnO3(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)多晶体系样品。通过样品的XRD谱线、磁化强度随温度、外加磁场的变化曲线(M-T、M-H)等数据研究了Ca不同掺杂量对钙钛矿氧化物EuMnO3系列多晶样品的居里温度、磁熵变、磁相变等的影响。结果表明,Eu1-xCaxMnO3(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)系列陶瓷样品呈现良好的单相性,空间点群为Pnma。低浓度掺杂的样品存在一个TC,高浓度掺杂的样品出现两个磁转变点,且由于双交换相互作用,随着Ca的掺杂,TC逐渐增大,当掺杂量达到0.4时,低温下的TC却明显减小。根据-ΔSM和RCP值可知,Eu0.7Ca0.3MnO3是该组样品中比较适合做磁制冷的材料。通过对Loop曲线的分析可知该组样品经历了由一级相变向二级相变转变的过程。     

(1-x)La2/3Ca 1/3 MnO 3/xSb2O 5复合体系的电子输运和磁电阻行为

用两步法制备了（1-x）La2／3Ca1／3MnO3／xSb2O5复合样品．零场下电阻温度关系测量表明，对x〈3％范围。随Sb2O5含量增加，复合样品电阻率增大，绝缘体一金属转变温度降低；而对x〉3％范围，随Sb2O5含量增加。复合样品电阻率减小，绝缘体一金属转变温度提高．磁电阻测量表明，少量Sb2O5同La,2／3C＆1／3MnO3复合，可明显增强磁电阻效应．     

La0.67-xCa0.33MnO3系列样品的磁热效应

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同空位浓度掺杂的La0.67-xCa0.33MnO3系列样品(x=0.00,0.02,0.06,0.10),用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了样品的形态和颗粒大小,X射线衍射实验结果显示样品为单相钙钛矿结构,用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量了样品的磁化强度随温度变化的M-T曲线和起始磁化M-H曲线.研究了空位浓度对样品的居里温度Tc和磁熵变的影响.结果表明,空位浓度的掺杂将样品的居里温度Tc提高至室温附近,磁熵变得到增强.对于经历了一级相变的样品La0.67-xCa0 33MnO3(x=0.02),在居里温度Tc(277 K)附近和1T外磁场下,最大磁熵变达到了2.78 J/(kg·K).     

La0.8-xNdxNa0.2MnO3的磁卡效应研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备系列样品La0.8-xNdxNa0.2MnO3(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15和0.20)钙钛矿锰氧化物.研究温度范围在240～340 K、外磁场0～1T下该系列样品的居里温度和磁熵变.发现样品的居里温度TC随x增加而减小,而且x=0.20、温度为295K时,最大磁熵变△SM为1.68 J/kg·K.实验结果表明钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.8-xNdxNa0.2MnO3有可能作为室温下的磁致冷材料的候选者.     

La0.67Sr0.33-xAgxMnO3的室温磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法制备了名义组分为La0.67Sr0.33-xAgrMnO3(x=0.15、0．20)的多晶样品,发现用Ag部分替代Sr后样品的室温磁电阻比替代前明显增大。在1．8T下,La0．67Sr0.18Ag0.15MnO3样品的磁电阻在330K出现峰值,其峰值为35％;对于La0．67Sr0.13Ag0.2 MnO3样品,磁电阻峰值为26％．且峰的宽度较大,在290～315K之间的磁电阻随着温度变化不大．因此显著提高了室温时样品的磁电阻和磁电阻的温度稳定性,另外．还提高了样品的磁场灵敏度。这对磁电阻的应用有很大意义。     

复合稀土锰氧化物材料电阻温度特性

用复合方法制备了五种以La0 8Ca0 2 MnO3 和La0 8Pb0 2 MnO3 为基料不同质量比的复合样品 ,测量了它们低温区电阻随温度变化曲线 ,讨论了复合样品的转变温度TP 随La0 8Ca0 2 MnO3 的质量分数变化的原因 ,并分析了低温 10 0K左右处复合样品的电阻极小值现象     

La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/MgO复合体系中的电输运和磁电阻效应

用化学方法制备了（1-x）La0．67Ca0．33MnO3（LCMO）／xMgO颗粒复合体系．通过选择不同的前期预烧温度（Ts1）控制LCMO原粉的颗粒大小．研究表明，MgO的含量和LCMO的前期预烧温度对复合体系的电输运和磁电阻效应有显著的影响．对瓦1=1100℃的样品，仅在纯LCMO和x=1mol％的复合样品中可以观察到绝缘体金属转变．而对Ts1=900℃的样品，在x=7mol％的复合样品中还可以观察到绝缘体金属转变，其最大低场磁电阻（H=0．3T）从纯LCMO的5％增加到27％．SEM形貌分析表明MgO含量增加或LCMO前期预烧温度升高都使复合体系中LCMO颗粒之间的联结性减弱．运用自旋极化隧穿机理，对实验结果进行了讨论．     

Ca掺杂对多晶LuMnO3结构和磁性的影响

使用固相反应法制备了Ca掺杂的多晶LuMnO3,其掺杂浓度为0≤x≤0.6,分别使用X射线衍射仪、拉曼散射仪以及物理性质测量系统对Lu1-xCaxMnO3多晶样品的结构、拉曼振动模式以及磁性进行了测量与分析。实验结果表明:当Ca掺杂含量x=0时,样品的结构为纯的六方相;随着x的增大,样品的结构逐渐从六方相向正交相转变;当x=0.5、0.6时,样品的六方相结构完全转变成纯的正交相。此外,样品的磁化强度在x=0.4时达到最大值,其原因是样品Mn3+与Mn4+之间的双交换作用在x=0.4处达到了峰值,使样品的铁磁性达到最强。     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3∶Agx多晶靶材的制备及其电输运性质

采用固相反应法制备了不同Ag掺杂量的La2/3Ca1/3MnO3(LCMO)∶Agx(x为摩尔百分比,x=0.00、0.01、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.40)多晶靶材,XRD图谱显示所制备样品均为纯相的赝立方钙钛矿结构,并且随着Ag掺杂量的增加,a轴和b轴在0≤x≤0.40范围内有微小的涨落;另外R-T曲线显示,0≤x≤0.05时,金属-绝缘转变温度(Tp)开始升高很快,0.05相似文献   

Synthesis of La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3 nanowire and its magnetism

The colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganite La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3 nanowires were synthesized in porous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) membrane via the sol-gel template route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3/AAO composites verified the purity of the perovskite structure of La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirmed that the monodisperse cylindrical pores of alumina membrane were filled with manganite nanowire arrays. The nanowires were found to be essentially polycrystalline materials by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images and selected electron diffraction (SAED) analysis. The Curie temperature of the La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3 nanowires determined by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) was much less than the the Curie temperature of the bulk material. According to our experimental results, we proposed the single domain size should be less than 50 nm conservatively. The result suggested that the finite size effect may play an important role in the reduction of the Curie temperature of the La0.6Nd0.2Na0.2MnO3 nanowires.     

用化学溶液沉积方法制备Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3薄膜

混合价态的锰氧化物Pr1-xCaxMnO3薄膜是近年来国际上超导体以及巨磁电阻领域的研究热点之一．本文采用化学溶液沉积方法在Pt／Ti／SiO2／Si基底上制备出Pr1-xCaxMnO3薄膜，降低了材料成本；前驱体中不使用鳌和剂，简化了工艺．采用XRD、FT—IR、SEM、AFM、EPMA以及俄歇探针仪等方法对所制备的薄膜进行了表征．结果表明，实验中以较低的温度实现了PCMO钙钛矿结构的晶化；薄膜平整光滑致密，各组分分布均匀，C杂质含量处于很低的水平。     

Complete 'melting' of charge order in hydrothermally grown Pr0.57Ca0.41Ba0.02MnO3 nanowires

Nanowires of Pr0.57Ca0.41Ba0.02MnO3 (PCBM) (diameter approximately 80-90 nm and length approximately 3.5 microm) were synthesized by a low reaction temperature hydrothermal method. Single-phase nature of the sample was confirmed by XRD experiments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the morphology and microstructures of the nanowires. While the bulk PCBM is known to exhibit charge order (CO) below 230 K along with a ferromagnetic transition at 110 K, SQUID measurements on the nanowires of PCBM show that the charge order is completely absent and a ferromagnetic transition occurs at 115 K. However, the magnetization in the nanowires is observed to be less compared to that in the bulk. This observation of the complete 'melting' of the charge order in the PCBM nanowires is particularly significant in view of the observation of only a weakening of the CO in the nanowires of Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments were also carried out on the PCBM nanowires using an X-band EPR spectrometer. Characteristic differences were observed in the line width of nanowires when compared with that of the bulk.     

Cr替代Mn对La0.4Ca0.6MnO3磁性质的影响

用固相反应法制备了La0.4Ca0.6Mn1-xCrxO3(x=0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10,0.15)多晶样品,通过X射线衍射(XRD)图谱、磁化强度-温度(M-T)曲线、电子自旋共振(ESR)谱线,研究了Cr替代Mn对La0.4Ca0.6MnO3磁性质的影响.实验结果表明:La0.4Ca0.6MnO3存在复杂的磁结构,在258 K出现电荷有序相,从175 K到50 K,产生强关联CO-AFM(电荷有序?反铁磁)相,温度降到41 K左右出现自旋玻璃态;当替代量x≥0.06时,电荷有序相被融化;当x≥0.10时,自旋玻璃态被融化.对实验结果进行了初步解释:电荷有序相被融化主要原因是Cr3+与Mn4+具有相同的电子结构,Cr3+替代Mn3+破坏了CE型反铁磁的自旋序,从而引起电荷序的坍塌,实验证明了电荷序CE型反铁磁体系中,电荷序和自旋序之间存在强耦合相互作用;自旋玻璃态的融化,是由于Cr替代Mn破坏了自旋玻璃态的生成条件,即反铁磁背景下有少量铁磁成分.     

Self-supported supercapacitor membrane through incorporating MnO2 nanowires into carbon nanotube networks

We report on a study on the development of a self-supported membrane of carbon nanotube (CNT) mixed with MnO2 nanowires as supercapacitors. Both single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) and multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) have been explored to serve as the electrically conductive networks to connect redox active MnO2 nanowires. High-quality alpha-MnO2 nanowires were synthesized using bulk alpha-MnO2 crystals as the precursor by a facile hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared alpha-MnO2 nanowires were characterized by X-ray and electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Supercapacitor membranes were prepared by filtration of mixture solutions of MnO2 nanowires and CNTs at various ratios, forming entangled networks which are self-supported and directly used as supercapacitor electrodes without binders or backing metals. Cyclic voltammetry at various scan rates and charge--discharging measurements are used to characterize the supercapacitance of the CNT-MnO2 nanowire membranes. The specific capacitance has been found to be increased by several times over that of pure CNT membranes after incorporation of MnO2 nanowires.     

新型溶胶-凝胶工艺制备La0.5Ca0.5MnO3薄膜及性能分析

鉴于以醇盐为原料溶胶-凝胶制备La0.5Ca0.5MnO3薄膜工艺中存在诸多苛刻因素,本文以无机盐为原料采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在SiO2/Si(100)衬底上制备了La0.5Ca0.5MnO3薄膜.并用XRD、SEM和TEM等分析手段对薄膜进行了表征,通过不同磁场下电阻-温度(R-T)曲线,研究了样品的磁电阻(CMR)效应...     

Microstructural Characteristics of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 Films and Multilayers

1. IntroductionEver since discovery of colossal magnetoresistance(CMR) in perovskite type Rel--.A.MnO3(Re=lajnthanides, A=alkaline earth elemellts), therehas been enormous illterest in these materials both inthe bulk and the filmsll~5]. A prominellt feature ofthese materials is a large maximum in the resistivitynear the ferromagnetic transition temperature (To).The resistance is dramatically decreased when an external magnetic field is applied, which leads to a verylarge (colossal) magneto…     

煅烧温度对La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3晶体结构及电磁性能的影响

采用传统固相反应法在不同烧结温度下制备了La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了物相结构和微观组织分析,比较了不同烧结温度下样品的烧结性、介电性和铁磁性能。研究结果表明,当烧结温度从1100℃增加到1200℃时,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电损耗呈降低趋势,介电常数数值呈增加趋势,并在测量频率范围内显示负值。随着烧结温度的增加,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的铁磁性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当烧结温度为1150℃时,其饱和磁化强度达到最大,为37.80A·m~2·kg~(-1)。说明可以通过改变煅烧温度来有效调节晶粒尺寸,从而改进La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电性能和铁磁性能。