KOH沉淀剂对Ag/TS-1催化剂用于丙烯气相环氧化的影响

采用沉积-沉淀法制备Ag/TS-1催化剂,在423 K、常压条件下用于丙烯气相环氧化反应,研究了碱金属沉淀剂KOH的影响。结果表明,以KOH为沉淀剂、TS-1为载体制备的Ag/TS-1催化剂反应性能最佳,丙烯转化率为1.8%,环氧丙烷选择性为91.7%;K+的存在对反应有促进作用。     

丙烯直接气相氧化过程中Ag/TS-1催化剂上活性银物种的分布

在常压固定床、石英反应器中,以丙烯直接气相氧化反应为探针,考察了硅烷化处理及TS-1中模板剂对Ag/TS-1催化性能的影响.同时,采用UV-Vis、ICP和TEM等手段对其进行了表征.结果表明：在丙烯直接气相氧化过程中,载体TS-1硅烷化后所制备的Ag/TS-1的催化性能增强.通过硅烷化处理负载2%SiO₂,制备的Ag/TS-1的丙烯转化率可达2.1%,环氧丙烷选择性98.4%.用TS-1原粉（含有模板剂）所制备的Ag/TS-1不具有环氧化性能.分子筛内外表面的银物种均具有环氧化性能,但内表面的银物种在丙烯气相氧化过程中起决定性的作用.     

晶种对TS-1分子筛干胶合成及其催化性能的影响

以发烟硅胶为硅源,以钛酸正丁酯为钛源,以四丙基氢氧化铵(tetrapropylammonium hydroxide,TPAOH)为模板剂,采用干胶转化法,在添加晶种的条件下,合成了一系列TS-1(titanosilicalite-1)分子筛.通过X射线粉末衍射及扫描电镜表征材料的性能.结果表明:晶种的添加及晶种的选择对TS-1分子筛的结晶度、晶粒尺寸和催化性能产生明显的影响.当摩尔比n(TPA+)/n(Si)=O.05时,不加任何晶种,正己烯的转化率只有11.9%;当加入活性晶种后,正己烯的转化率为23.6%,提高了约12%.对于焙烧晶种合成的样品,活性也有很大提高,烘干晶种与活性晶种合成的产品性能相当.活性晶种的引入,可以在保持TS-1催化性能基本不变的条件下明显减少模板剂用量,较大幅度地降低TS-1分子筛的合成成本.     

改性TS-1催化甲乙酮氨氧化反应

将酸碱盐改性的TS-1分子筛用于甲乙酮(MEK)氨氧化反应中,考察了改性物质、反应温度、原料摩尔比、催化剂用量和后续反应时间对反应的影响及催化剂的重复使用与再生性能.结果表明: Zn(NO3)2改性的TS-1为适宜催化剂,较优的工艺条件是反应温度为70 ℃,n(NH3)∶ n(MEK)∶ n(H2O2)=3.5∶ 1∶...     

丙烯环氧化生成环氧丙烷催化剂（TS-1分子筛）的合成与表征

介绍了丙烯环氧化生成环氧丙烷催化剂(TS-1分子筛)的合成方法。着重对钛是否进入分子筛骨架的表征方法X射线粉末衍射、紫外漫反射、傅立叶红外、拉曼、程序升温脱附等技术进行了综述，对TS-1分子筛用晶形晶貌以及比表面积等也作了简要的介绍。并指出TS-1分子筛工业化前景乐观。     

无机方法制TS-1催化环己酮氨氧化反应

用无机方法合成了钛硅分子筛催化剂TS-1,并优化了TS-1催化环己酮氨氧化反应的条件。结果表明：无机催化剂可以取代有机催化剂。物料比、溶剂以及温度都对氨氧化反应有很大的影响。其优化的反应条件：NH。酮摩尔比为2．00,H2O2酮摩尔比为1．50,溶剂用蒸馏水且H2O酮摩尔比为7．5,反应温度为74℃。     

变温陈化法制备TS-1分子筛及其催化性能

通过变温陈化步骤,采用水热结晶法制备TS-1分子筛。改变陈化步骤,得到一系列粒径不同的TS-1分子筛,并探究粒径对丙烯醇环氧化反应催化性能的影响。采用FT-IR、UV-Vis、BET、XRD和SEM等表征TS-1分子筛催化剂晶相,结果表明,不同条件制得的TS-1分子筛具有相同的MFI结构,Ti大部分以骨架钛形式存在,也有少量锐钛矿相Ti O2存在。随着反应温度的升高,TS-1粒径逐渐增大。通过后续催化反应发现,TS-1分子筛催化剂的催化活性改变不大,这可能是由于催化剂中活性位点的数目变化不大。从催化剂分离实验可以看出,随着粒径的增大,催化剂回收率从82.4%增至95.3%。     

用于TS-1催化苯酚羟基化的一体式催化/膜过滤系统的模型研究

This research is focused on the development of a simple design model of the submerged catalysis/ membrane filtration (catalysis/MF) system for phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 based on the material balance of the phenol under steady state and the reported kinetic studies. Based on the developed model, the theoretical phenol conversions at steady state could be calculated using the kinetic parameters obtained from the previous batch ex-periments. The theoretical conversions are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the submerged catalysis/MF system within relative error of ±5%. The model can be used to determine the optimal experimental conditions to carry out the phenol hydroxylation over TS-1 in the submerged catalysis/MF system.     

TS-1分子筛在过氧化氢氧化苯制苯酚反应中的催化性能研究

以TS-1分子筛为催化剂,在淤浆反应器中对过氧化氢氧化苯制苯酚反应的催化性能进行了研究,考察了不同溶剂、过氧化氢进料方式、原料配比和反应条件等对催化性能的影响,优化了反应工艺条件,苯的转化率约达12.5%,苯酚的选择性约达92%,为进一步开展研究奠定了基础。     

沉淀剂对Ru/MgO-CeO2氨合成催化剂催化性能的影响

以K<,2>RuO<,4>为钌前驱体,通过共沉淀法制备了Ru/MgO-CeO<,2>氨合成催化剂.考察了5种不同沉淀剂对Ru/MgO-CeO<,2>催化剂的结构和性能的影响,并运用X射线衍射(XRD)、CO吸附、N<,2>物理吸附和H<,2>程序升温还原(H<,2>-TPR)等技术对催化剂进行了表征,讨论了沉淀剂对氨合...     

Effect of potassium on the catalytic activity of TS-1

Titanium silicate-1 (TS-1) samples contained a significant amount of potassium derived from contaminants in an aqueous solution of Pr₄NOH. By washing with H₂SO₄, the alkali-exchanged sites were converted to sites with two OH groups or ‘closed’ Ti(OSi)₄ sites. Treatment of the acid-washed samples with an aqueous solution of K₂CO₃ led to the incorporation of potassium with a K/Ti ratio of around unity, suggesting that K ion exchange on TS-1 corresponds to the presence of Ti in the framework. The potassium ion exchange is considered to occur mainly on the Si–OH group adjacent to the ‘open’ Ti site. The presence of potassium retarded the oxidation of organic compounds with aqueous H₂O₂ to a different extent depending on the substrates. The retarding effect decreased in the order hexane>2-hexene>2-penten-1-ol and there was little inhibition in the oxidation of 2-penten-1-ol. This could be interpreted in terms of polarities of substrates and active sites in TS-1; non-polar hexane was less easily accessible to the Ti environment made more polar by adjacent potassium. In a similar manner, promotion of the oxidation of the alcoholic group in the reaction of 2-penten-1-ol over the K-type TS-1 might be ascribed to increased interaction of the alcoholic group with the active Ti site.     

两种体系合成的TS-1分子筛表征及其丙烯直接环氧化反应性能比较

采用SEM、XRD、微结构分析、IR等对以络合剂提高钛源稳定性体系和以传统体系合成的两种TS-1分子筛样品进行对比测试,并在高的双氧水浓度下考察了丙烯直接环氧化反应效果。结果表明,两种体系合成的TS-1分子筛样品的骨架结构、晶形、比表面积、孔径分布等基本一致,对丙烯直接环氧化的催化性能基本相当,但传统法合成的晶粒大小不一,而以络合剂提高钛源稳定性体系合成的晶粒为均一的均匀薄片状结构。这为较价廉体系合成TS-1分子筛的进一步研究、放大与工业应用提供了可能。     

The effect of mesoporous scale defects on the activity of Au/TS-1 for the epoxidation of propylene

In an effort to examine the role of crystal morphology on activity, mesoporous scale defects were introduced into titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) support materials through the addition of carbon pearls during the synthesis procedure. Catalysts prepared using these support materials were consistently active and stable, with a 0.33 wt% Au catalyst producing 132 g_PO/h/kg_cat at 200 °C, the highest propylene oxide (PO) rate thus reported, despite relatively high gold loadings and considerable contamination with octahedral titanium species. While activity is high per gram catalyst, activity per gram gold was still relatively low implying that a significant portion of gold deposited on the support surface may be inactive for epoxidation.     

TS-1催化丙烯环氧化反应及动力学研究

研究了丙烯环氧化反应条件,系统考察了反应压力、溶剂中水质量分数、TS-1质量分数以及反应温度对过氧化氢转化率以及环氧丙烷选择性的影响,采用非机理速率方程确定了主反应动力学参数。并采用该反应动力学模型对TS-1质量分数、溶剂中水质量分数对在不同温度下的双氧水转化速率常数进行了关联。为今后建立复杂动力学模型以及该工艺的工业化打下了良好的基础。     

纳米TS-1分子筛的合成及环己酮肟化反应性能

采用预晶化后补充硅源的合成方法,在模硅物质的量比0.15条件下,合成晶粒尺寸300 nm的TS-1分子筛。考察模板剂用量和预晶化时间对分子筛合成的影响,并采用XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-vis和N2吸附-脱附对分子筛进行表征,通过环己酮肟化反应考察分子筛催化性能。结果表明,相对于传统法合成的TS-1分子筛,采用预晶化补硅法合成的TS-1分子筛具有较大的比表面积和介孔体积,而且其非骨架钛含量减少,能够有效地提高环己酮肟化反应的转化率、选择性和催化剂寿命。     

Epoxidation of Propylene with Hydrogen Peroxide Over TS-1 Catalyst Synthesized in the Presence of Polystyrene

Titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) catalyst was synthesized in the presence of polystyrene (PS) particles (denoted as TS-1_PS catalyst) for use in the epoxidation of propylene with hydrogen peroxide. For the purpose of comparison, TS-1 catalyst was also synthesized by a conventional method (in the absence of polystyrene particles). In the epoxidation of propylene, the TS-1_PS catalyst showed a higher conversion of hydrogen peroxide and a higher selectivity for propylene oxide (PO) than the TS-1 catalyst. Consequently, the TS-1_PS catalyst showed a higher yield for PO than the TS-1 catalyst. Characterization results showed that the high catalytic performance of TS-1_PS was attributed to the enhanced hydrophobic property of the catalyst and the suppressed formation of anatase TiO₂ in the catalyst.     

Crystallization of TS-1 in the presence of alcohols: influence on Ti incorporation and catalytic activity

TS-1 has been synthesized following various recipes of the literature in the presence of alcohols, i.e., from gels that were not evaporated prior to crystallization, which considerably reduces the preparation time of the zeolites. When samples are prepared following a method adapted from the original patent, extra-framework species are observed even for low Ti contents. In contrast, when hydrolysis of the Si and Ti sources is performed in the presence of isopropyl alcohol, all Ti in the zeolite is incorporated in the lattice. However, incorporation is limited to about 1.9 Ti/u.c., even when catalysts are crystallized from gels with relatively high Ti concentrations. These samples are active in the hydroxylation of phenol with H₂O₂ and their activity is comparable with that of conventional catalysts obtained from alcohol-free gels. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

钛硅分子筛TS-1的合成改性及其催化功能

钛硅分子筛TS-1由于其优异的催化氧化性能而受到极大关注,TS-1的制备及基础研究是催化领域的一个热点。本文重点综述了近年来钛硅分子筛催化材料的合成、改性及其催化应用的研究进展,包括钛硅分子筛(TS-1)的水热合成方法和同晶取代合成法、改性、成型与负载以及钛硅分子筛催化氧化功能和酸催化功能的研究。