RS—RBFNN在电力通信网可靠性评估中的应用

指标体系的建立是通信网可靠性评估工作中的一个重要环节,然而由于指标的不确定性和指标间的复杂关系,使得指标的选取以及合理指标体系的建立都变得非常困难。为了解决指标的选取问题,文章采用粗糙集（Rs）理论中的属性约简与径向基神经网络（RBFNN）相结合的方法对电力通信网可靠性进行仿真评估。该方法通过降低径向基神经网络输入的维数来提高神经网络的训练速度和评估能力。仿真结果验证了该方法在通信网可靠性评估中的有效性与可行性。     

A Normative Approach to the Study of Uncertainty and Communication

Uncertainty reduction theory (Berger & Calabrese, 1975) was formulated to explain relationships between the frequency of communication behaviors, level of uncertainty, and level of relational qualities. In this essay, I advocate attention to an alternative set of research questions addressed to the meanings and evaluations of uncertainty and communicative responses to uncertainty. This normative approach entails a shift in focus from measuring level of uncertainty to examining multiple and potentially conflicting meanings of uncertainty, a shift from measuring communication behaviors to evaluating communication practices, and a shift from predicting what people will do to predicting and explaining the effectiveness and appropriateness of what they do in response to uncertainty. Four case studies from various sociocultural contexts illustrate phenomena that are explained by a normative approach to uncertainty and communication.     

How do uncertainty reduction strategies influence social networking site fan page visiting? Examining the role of uncertainty reduction strategies,loyalty and satisfaction in continuous visiting behavior

Nowadays, it is common for people to find product or service information from various information sources on social networking sites (SNS). Among many embedded communication tools in SNS, our study focuses on fan pages and page followers, highlighting their continuous visiting behavior to company fan pages in the context of Facebook. Based on uncertainty reduction theory, our study proposes a research model examining the relationship between uncertainty reduction strategies and continuous visiting behavior, mediated by the low level of uncertainty. In addition, we employ the perceived usefulness of postings on fan pages as a mediator between uncertainty and visiting behavior. Lastly, we adopt two moderating factors: SNS satisfaction and SNS loyalty. To test hypotheses, we analyzed survey data from 189 Facebook users who have subscribed to at least one fan page on Facebook using a partial least squares (PLS) method. We found that uncertainty reduction strategies are positively associated with a low level of uncertainty about information regarding products or services on fan pages. In addition, perceived usefulness of postings is significantly accounted for by the low level of uncertainty. Both the low level of uncertainty and usefulness of postings explain continuous visiting behavior jointly. Our research findings also revealed that SNS satisfaction and SNS loyalty have significant moderating effects on the relationships between the low level of uncertainty/perceived usefulness and continuous visiting behavior. Based on research findings, implications and limitations are discussed.     

Theory Comparison: Uncertainty Reduction, Problematic Integration, Uncertainty Management, and Other Curious Constructs

This paper compares 3 theories examining the role of communication in producing and coping with subjective uncertainty. Uncertainty reduction theory offers axioms and derived theorems that describe communicative and noncommunicative causes and consequences of uncertainty. The narrow scope of the theory and its axiomatic form are both advantageous and disadvantageous. Problematic integration and uncertainty management theories are comparatively broad, and they exhibit an open, web-like structure. The former theory scrutinizes the complex intersection of probability assessments and evaluations of the objects of these assessments, whereas the latter examines the various ways in which people cope with uncertainty, including sometimes attempting to increase it. The paper also compares meanings of "uncertainty" in the 3 theories as well as the roles played by natural language in the communication-uncertainty interface.     

Communication and Uncertainty Management

The fundamental challenge for refining theories of communication and uncertainty is to abandon the assumption that uncertainty will produce anxiety. To better explain processes of communication and uncertainty management, we must answer questions about (a) the experience and meaning of uncertainty, (b) the role of appraisal and emotion in uncertainty management, and (c) the range of behavioral and psychological responses to uncertainty. This paper outlines and extends a theory of uncertainty management and reviews current theory and research in this area. In addition to the theoretical advances promised by this perspective, the paper describes applications to health communication practice. The drive in disease prevention to reduce uncertainty about the state of health and illness has led to a "culture of chronic illness." Constant surveillance of people's health, combined with improved methods for screening and monitoring, virtually guarantee finding something wrong with every person, creating a society divided into the chronically ill and the worried well (i.e., those waiting to be diagnosed).     

Hegemony, agency, and dialectical tension in Ellul's technological society

Recent writers have questioned hegemony theory as a way of understanding the relationship among the citizen, the media, and the state. In this essay I propose the work of Jacques Ellul for reconceptualizing this relationship. Ellul's focus on a technological state and a mass-mediated society presents a powerful alternative to Gramsci's focus. Ellul argued that the modern state is the product of the invasion of technique throughout society. Such an environment demands a form of communication Ellul described as propaganda. This view does not offer great hope for political groups to bring about fundamental social change. Instead, it suggests that the primary role of the social critic is to stand in dialectical tension to the technological state.     

A quantum mechanical derivation of the general uncertainty relation for real signals in communication theory

Using a quantum-mechanical approach, the Hilberg and Rothe general uncertainty relation for real signals in communication theory is derived. The Hilberg and Rothe uncertainty product is evaluated and a comparison is carried out with the corresponding Heisenberg uncertainty product.     

The Rules of Virtual Groups: Trust, Liking, and Performance in Computer-Mediated Communication

Research on virtual groups reflects concerns about the development of trust and liking and about the performance of partners who do not see each other or work proximally. Previous studies have explored behaviors leading to subjectively experienced trust and/or liking, or trusting behaviors associated with group output, but have not linked behaviors, subjective affect, and output quality. Deriving principles from the social information processing theory of computer-mediated communication, this research identified and tested six communication rules for virtual groups. Employing a quasi-experimental procedure to maximize the variance in rule-following behavior, some distributed groups in a cross-university course were assigned to follow rules as part of their grades on group assignments conducted using computer-mediated communication from which messages were collected and later coded. Through self-reported measures of rule following and affect, results reveal correlations between each rule with trust and liking. Less consistent are the relationships between rule following, specific observed behaviors, and actual performance quality. Interpretations suggest that a powerful set of collaboration rules has been identified or that the mere following of any rules and norms reduces uncertainty and enhances trust in distributed work teams.     

Valuing customers

This paper considers the metric of customer lifetime value as a way of placing an expected future value on a company’s customers. This approach looks at the fundamental contribution a customer makes to a company’s profits. The basic concept is useful in its own right, but it also allows an analogue between a customer and the equity of the company to be drawn. This allows the customer to be considered as a revenue-producing asset. Financial engineering tools, such as portfolio and options theory, then become natural means to analyse the customer’s value further. In particular, the uncertainty in the future profits created by a customer can be shown to create an added dimension to the value a customer brings to the business. The results from these analyses can be used to guide customer relationship strategy. Better decisions on the levels of investments in customers and customer services, and their timings, can also be made.     

A communication-based theory of the glass ceiling: rhetoricalsensitivity and upward mobility within the technical organization

The point beyond which promotions, raises, and job opportunities in general are defined to women and minorities solely because of their sex or their race, the so-called glass ceiling, is addressed. A communication-based theory of the organizational glass ceiling is outlined. The theory considers communication style, regardless of race or gender, to be an organizational member's most critical business behavior. The theory suggests a way to understand communication style in the context of the glass ceiling     

A Rhetorical Typology for Studying the Audience Role in Public Relations Communication: The Avon 3-Day Disruption as Exemplar

This study develops public relations theory using Aristotelian theory as a foundation and contemporary rhetorical and public relations scholarship to build a framework from which to extend the rhetorical public relations paradigm. This approach adds depth to rhetorically framed public relations theory and offers practical application for public relations scholarship. The article provides an example of how public relations researchers can apply the proposed rhetorical typology to better include the public, thus more fully understanding the audience role in communication relationships. A qualitative analysis of the online dialogue among Avon Breast Cancer 3-Day Walk participants during a time of uncertainty serves as an exemplar for the proposed use of rhetorical theory in public relations research. The key difference in the approach proposed here is the emphasis on the public as partners in the public relations dialogue who help shape rhetorical discourse. In contrast to the organization-centered approach, the public-centered tactic exposes the links as well as the disconnects between organization and public values, underscoring the importance for practitioners to provide meaningful contributions to the public–organization dialogue, creating, negotiating, and codefining meaning with publics.     

基于Matlab的分岔理论互动式教学设计

分岔理论是＂混沌与分形＂课程中的重要部分。本文分析了分岔理论教学重点和难点,充分考虑了分岔理论的教学特点和工科研究生的知识结构,提出利用Matlab工具讨论分岔理论的互动式辅助教学。该教学方式将抽象的概念形象化,以Matlab作为师生交流的媒介,增强学生的主动性,有助于加强学生对相关概念的理解,从而提高该课程的教学效果。     

通信网建立时间同步网的方案探讨

从通信网体系结构入手,分析通信网层次结构与时延的关系.在对SDH网络层次结构分析的基础上,确定使用SOH中的MSOH来传递时间信号,以减小位置误差对时间不确定性的影响.     

A signal detection system based on Dempster-Shafer theory andcomparison to fuzzy detection

This paper describes a signal detection algorithm based on Dempster-Shafer theory. The detector combines evidence provided by multiple waveform features and explicitly considers uncertainty in the detection decision. The detector classifies waveforms as including a signal, not including a signal, or being uncertain, in which case no conclusion regarding presence or absence of a signal is drawn. The probability numbers required in the Dempster-Shafer formulation are defined as piecewise linear functions that can be described by two parameters, and the effects of these parameters on detector performance, using simulated data, are compared to Bayesian detection and to a fuzzy signal detector that also considers uncertainty. The performance of the Dempster-Shafer and fuzzy detectors shows similar dependence on the parameters, although, if parameters are adjusted so that the number of correctly classified waveforms are equal, the Dempster-Shafer detector has more uncertain classifications and fewer errors than the fuzzy detector, providing superior performance. The Dempster-Shafer detector incorporates a different type of uncertainty than the fuzzy detector, which may contribute to this difference in performance. The difference may also reflect the different mathematical operations used     

基于Matlab的分岔理论互动式教学设计

分岔理论是"混沌与分形"课程中的重要部分,其涉及的概念较为抽象,对数学基础要求较高,工科学生一般较难理解。本文分析了分岔理论教学重点和难点,充分考虑了分岔理论的教学特点和工科研究生的知识结构,提出利用Matlab工具深入讨论分岔理论的互动式辅助教学。该教学方式将抽象的概念形象化,有助于加强学生对相关概念的理解,从而提高该课程的教学效果。     

基于D-S证据理论的协作频谱感知算法

在无线传播过程中,主用户信号经常会受到路径损耗、阴影衰落等影响,导致无线通信环境中单个认知用户对主用户的感知结果存在不确定性。因此,结合D-S证据理论方法,提出了一种新的协作频谱感知算法。以能量检测作为基础,将证据间冲突变化程度平均性的概念结合其中,根据这一方式设计了一种新的证据理论合成法则,将多个D-S融合结果送到融合中心进行数据融合,得出最终判决。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能够很好地解决证据间的高度冲突并较为合理地减轻不确定性因素的影响,在信噪比比较低的情况下,获得较好的检测性能。     

Deriving Lay Models of Uncertainty About Genes' Role in Illness Causation to Guide Communication About Human Genetics

Advances in clinical genetics and biotechnology increase the ability to identify individual genetic makeup through genetic services and testing. As a result, genes have become the focus of an increasing number of health messages associated with medical interaction and public communication. This research explored public perceptions ( N = 858) of the role of genes in health using problematic integration (PI) theory as a framework. A Genetic Relativism Instrument (GRI) associated with macroframeworks about illness causation was developed and used to cluster individuals into 4 groups associated with communicating about genes and health. Uncertainty about the role of personal behaviors, social environments, and religious faith on genes' impact for human health varied significantly among the four groups. In this age of increased use of genetic technologies, communication regarding human genetics in counseling and health promotion may contribute to better informed decision making if tailored to these varied belief systems.     

A communication theory perspective on telecommunications policy

The relationship of emerging telecommunications networks to our social situation, especially in terms of technical, economic, and legal arrangements, has not yet been fully defined or decided. James Carey (1989) established a fundamental distinction between two models of communication that is important for understanding sociocultural implications of contemporary telecommunications policy. In this essay, these contrasting models are used to illuminate historical tensions between the policy goals of liberalization and democratization. Current telecommunications policy discourse, drawing upon a transmission framework, aims to achieve liberalization of telecommunications markets. It also invites us to ignore questions of power in the context of democratization, which the community, cultural, and ritual aspects of Carey's model explicitly demand we address.     

Polygonal broadcast, secret maturity, and the firing sensors

This work considers communication among sensors that are deployed in a geographic region. Each sensor is a computing device with severe resource limitations, low power, slow processing and small memory. The devices are distributed (uniformly) in the geographic region. In this work we present self-stabilizing broadcast, flooding and sense of direction procedures that fit the special characteristics of the system. Imaginary polygon tilings are presented as a general scheme for supporting communication in sensor networks. Broadcasting is a common way of communicating in ad hoc mobile networks such as sensor networks. We present broadcast procedures and show how they are used by a sensor for broadcasting globally and locally, achieving sense of direction and distributing secrets that activate the sensors simultaneously at a particular time without revealing the nature of the upcoming activity.     

Not in the Mood? Affective State and Transactive Communication

This study expanded transactive memory theory by incorporating affective influences on processes that have been primarily examined through a cognitive lens. Drawing on J. P. Forgas' (1995) affect infusion model, the research developed a multilevel model of the role of individual‐ and group‐level state positive affect for individual transactive communication, operationalized as information seeking and sharing. A test of the model using 25 student groups showed that (a) both individual‐ and group‐level positive affect were positively related to individual volume of transactive communication; (b) affective homogeneity among members of a group had a significant relationship to information sharing, but not information seeking; and (c) the interaction between affective homogeneity and group positive affect did not impact either transactive communication process.