樟叶提取物作为新型环境友好抑制剂在白钨矿与方解石浮选分离中的应用（英文）

采用简单的物理方法,直接榨取樟叶汁液作为白钨矿和方解石分离的抑制剂。通过接触角测量、傅里叶转换红外光谱测试和原子力显微镜研究樟叶提取物中活性成分及其抑制机理。浮选试验表明,樟叶提取物对方解石有较强的抑制作用,对白钨矿的抑制作用较小。原子力显微镜检测证实方解石表面吸附有樟叶提取物的有效成分。红外光谱结果表明,吸附在方解石表面的组分含有大量的羟基,这些羟基使方解石疏水。Zeta电位和红外光谱结果表明,樟树叶提取物在方解石表面的吸附量远大于在白钨矿表面的吸附量。樟叶提取物在白钨矿和方解石浮选分离中具有潜在的应用价值。     

Flotation of Xinhua molybdenite using sodium sulfide as modifier

The feasibility of using sodium sulfide as the sole modifier for the flotation of Xinhua molybdenite ore was examined. The potential mechanisms involved in the different flotation systems were discussed. The comparative flotation results reveal that in the kerosene-sodium silicate flotation system, better recovery and grade of the molybdenum are obtained using sodium sulfide as the slurry pH adjustment agent than using CaO. Under the optimal conditions (64 g/t kerosene and 6 kg/t Na2S), satisfied recovery and grade of molybdenite concentrate can be achieved (84% and 8.2%, respectively), indicating that sodium sulfide is a potential substitute modifier of sodium silicate. The open-circuit flotation test results further confirm the effectiveness of sodium sulfide which may render recycling the tailing water possible and make the flotation process more environmental acceptable and more economical due to the less use of kerosene and scavengers.     

Depressing behaviors and mechanism of disodium bis (carboxymethyl) trithiocarbonate on separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite

This work focuses on the organic depressant, disodium bis(carboxymethyl) trithiocarbonate (DBT), as a selective depressant in copper-molybdenum sulfide flotation separation. Micro-flotation, Zeta potential, FTIR and XPS measurements were carried out to investigate the selective depression mechanism of DBT on chalcopyrite. Zeta potential and FTIR measurements revealed that DBT had higher affinity for chalcopyrite than molybdenite and the XPS results of chalcopyrite before and after treatment with DBT further proved that DBT adsorbed on chalcopyrite surface. The investigation indicates that the mechanism of DBT adsorbing on chalcopyrite is mainly physical adsorption. Locked circuit experiments were carried out and the results showed that DBT could be considered as a cleaner option in commercial Cu-Mo flotation separation circuits.     

Recovery of molybdenum and copper from porphyry ore via iso-flotability flotation

A copper–molybdenum iso-flotability flotation process has been developed to efficiently improve the recovery of molybdenite from Duobaoshan porphyry Cu–Mo ores. The effects of flotation approach, type of collector, feed particle size distribution, rougher pH value and reagent dosage on the recovery of molybdenite were evaluated systematically. The results suggest that compared with kerosene and diesel oil, transformer oil has stronger dispersion capability in water media and better flotation selectivity for molybdenite, providing a higher molybdenum recovery under low reagent dosage. Moreover, compared with bulk flotation approach, the iso-flotability flotation approach using transformer oil as a collector can obtain superior Mo recovery (90.77%) and grade (0.80%) in the cleaner concentrate, and increase the Mo recovery and grade by over 18% and 5% in the final Mo concentrate, respectively. The results of commercial flotation further indicate that the iso-flotability flotation approach is a rational and effective route to beneficiate the porphyry Cu–Mo ores.     

捕收剂苯乙烯膦酸酯在钛铁矿浮选中的吸附机理（英文）

采用捕收剂苯乙烯膦酸酯(SPE)提高钛铁矿浮选效率,揭示相关作用机理并建立吸附模型。单矿物浮选试验结果表明,SPE在钛铁矿浮选中表现出比传统苯乙烯膦酸(SPA)更强的捕收能力。Zeta电位测定结果显示,SPE和SPA都能使钛铁矿的Zeta电位负向移动,而SPE的作用效果比SPA更加明显,表明SPE在钛铁矿表面的吸附更强。X射线光电子能谱分析证实了SPA和SPE在钛铁矿的Fe/Ti位点上的化学吸附作用。前沿轨道理论分析结果表明,SPE的化学活性比SPA的高。局部态密度分析结果表明,两种捕收剂的PO—H基团可与钛铁矿的Ti/Fe原子相互作用,从而在钛铁矿表面生成一个稳定的四元环。捕收剂与(104)钛铁矿表面的结合模型显示,SPE的吸附能量高于SPA的。综上所述,SPE对钛铁矿浮选的捕收能力和作用效果均优于SPA的,具有在工业上替代SPA的潜力。     

假乙内酰硫脲酸在铜-钼浮选分离中的抑制性能(英文)

将合成的假乙内酰硫脲酸(PGA)用作铜-钼分离抑制剂。该药剂闭路实验结果表明:假乙内酰硫脲酸在较小的用量下对黄铜矿有较强的抑制作用,经一次粗选、一次扫选、两次精选,可获得Mo品位大于26%、回收率大于89%的浮选指标,而用Na2S做抑制剂时钼的回收率下降了2%。药剂吸附量测试结果表明,PGA与丁基黄药在矿物表面发生竞争吸附,PGA在黄铜矿表面上的吸附量远大于在辉钼矿表面的。红外光谱分析表明,PGA在黄铜矿表面是化学吸附,而在辉钼矿表面属于物理吸附。前线轨道计算结果表明,在PAG分子中,硫原子是反应活性的中心。利用矿物、丁黄药及PGA的费米能级能量大小可以从电化学作用角来度解释PGA的抑制机理。     

Flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of novel 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime flotation collector to malachite

A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime (HPHO) was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde. Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotation test, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis techniques. Compared with benzohydroxamic acid (BA), 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime (HPEO) and sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX), HPHO exhibited excellent collecting power to malachite without additional reagents, such as Na₂S regulator and methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) frother. Results of zeta potential indicated that HPHO was coated on malachite surfaces through a chemisorption process. FTIR and XPS data gave clear evidence for the formation of Cu–oxime complex on malachite surfaces after HPHO adsorption through the linkage between C=C, –OH, N–OH group and Cu species.     

蛇纹石与滑石的同步抑制原理

通过浮选试验、沉降实验、Zeta电位测试和吸附量测试,研究以六偏磷酸钠和古尔胶为调整剂时,蛇纹石和滑石的同步抑制及其机理。结果表明:在较宽pH范围内,蛇纹石与滑石颗粒表面电性相反,易发生异相凝聚,使得硫化矿浮选的降镁难度增大;六偏磷酸钠和古尔胶的组合使用能较好地同步抑制蛇纹石和滑石,实现与黄铁矿的人工混合矿分离;六偏磷酸钠使得蛇纹石颗粒表面动电位由正变负,蛇纹石与滑石颗粒间分散,从而提高古尔胶在滑石表面的吸附量。研究并提出对蛇纹石和滑石的混合镁硅酸盐矿物应是首先消除颗粒间的异相凝聚,再抑制易浮矿物的同步抑制原理。     

Flotation Behavior and Mechanism of Anglesite with Salicyl Hydroxamic Acid as Collector

The flotation behavior of anglesite at different pulp pH levels was studied, with salicyl hydroxamic acid (SHA) acting as collector. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of SHA over a wide pH range. Zeta potential, adsorption, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were carried out to explore the interactions between SHA and anglesite. The results showed that the adsorption of SHA on the surface of anglesite was both chemical and physical. Furthermore, experiments with a bench-scale closed-flotation circuit proved that the collector can effectively recover anglesite from zinc-leaching residues (ZLRs). This work sheds new light on flotation of anglesite, providing a significant contribution to understanding of anglesite flotation and its application for disposal of ZLRs.     

两种层状镁硅酸盐矿物的晶体结构与可浮性研究

通过对两种层状镁硅酸盐矿物—蛇纹石和滑石的浮选实验及润湿接触角的测定,研究了蛇纹石与滑石的晶体结构与表面润湿性、可浮性的关系,结果表明:蛇纹石的润湿性较好,可浮性差;滑石的润湿性较差,可浮性好。     

Selective depression of copper-activated sphalerite by polyaspartic acid during chalcopyrite flotation

Environmentally friendly flotation reagent, polyaspartic acid (PAPA), was tested as a potential selective depressant in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and Cu-activated sphalerite. The depression mechanism of PAPA was revealed by contact angle measurements, Zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) measurement. The micro-flotation tests with single minerals showed that PAPA selectively depressed Cu-activated sphalerite, while chalcopyrite remained floatable. Moreover, a concentrate containing 31.40% Cu with a recovery of 92.43% was obtained in flotation tests of artificially mixed minerals. Results of contact angle measurements, Zeta potential measurements and FT-IR spectrum revealed that PAPA exerted a much stronger adsorption on Cu-activated sphalerite surface than on chalcopyrite surface, preventing the further adsorption of sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDTC) on its surface. ICP measurements indicated that PAPA had an excellent complexing ability with Cu²⁺ in flotation pulp, weakening the activation of Cu species on sphalerite surface and producing selective depression.     

Influence of metal cations on cassiterite flotation

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表面溶解对微细粒钛铁矿与钛辉石浮选分离的影响

通过红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析,研究钛铁矿与钛辉石的表面溶解行为对其浮选分离的影响.实验结果表明,弱酸性条件下的表面溶解有利于提高钛铁矿与钛辉石的可浮性差异.在弱酸性条件下,由于钛铁矿与油酸钠的作用以Fe为主,而表面溶解有利于其在钛铁矿表面的氧化,使钛铁矿可浮性得到提高;同时,油酸钠与Ca和Mg的作用导致了钛辉石的可浮选,但表面溶解降低了钛辉石表面Ca和Mg的含量,使钛辉石可浮性明显下降.对于原矿TiO2品位为8.41%的攀枝花钛铁矿,经表面溶解处理后浮选可将粗选精矿TiO2的品位由26.7%提高到31.73%.     

高铁酸盐(Ⅵ)与毒砂表面的作用机理及其对黄铜矿与毒砂浮选分离的影响（英文）

通过浮选试验、接触角测量、吸附量测试、交流阻抗测试和XPS分析研究一种新型环保抑制剂高铁酸钾(K₂FeO₄)在乙基黄药捕收剂体系下对毒砂和黄铜矿的抑制作用。结果表明,在pH值为4～11的范围内,高铁酸钾强烈抑制毒砂,在pH 8或10时,采用5×10^-4 mol/L K₂FeO₄和5×10⁵ mol/L PEX可以实现黄铜矿与毒砂的浮选分离。在K₂FeO₄和PEX存在时,毒砂的接触角和黄药吸附量显著降低。LEIS测量表明,高铁酸盐的加入可以显著增加毒砂表面的阻抗。XPS分析进一步证实,高铁酸盐加速毒砂表面的氧化。     

羧甲基纤维素对层状镁硅酸盐矿物浮选的抑制与分散作用

通过浮选实验、润湿接触角测量和Zeta电位测试,考察滑石、绿泥石和蛇纹石3种层状镁硅酸盐矿物的可浮性及其对金川镍矿中的硫化矿物-黄铁矿浮选的影响,并研究羧甲基纤维素(CMC)对3种层状镁硅酸盐矿物浮选的抑制与分散作用.结果表明;3种镁硅酸盐矿物表面性质与可浮性不同,对硫化矿浮选的影响方式与机理也存在区别:蛇纹石天然可浮性较差,但由于静电作用易与黄铁矿发生异相凝聚,降低黄铁矿的可浮性进而影响其回收率,CMC可通过调整矿物表面电性而起到分散作用;滑石与绿泥石并不影响黄铁矿的可浮性,但由于其天然可浮性相对较好,易进入精矿增加MgO杂质含量,CMC能调整矿物表面润湿性而抑制其浮选.     

Selective flotation of smithsonite,quartz and calcite using alkyl diamine ether as collector

The flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite and quartz using a alkyl diamine ether (GE-609) as the collector was investigated through micro-flotation experiments and the real ore flotation experiments. The results show that GE-609 exhibits good collecting capability to three minerals without selectivity. The presence of sodium sulfide enhances the flotation of smithsonite and calcite while inhibits quartz. Moreover, both sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate exhibit good selective inhibition to calcite. The real ore test results show that a zinc concentrate containing 23.51% Zn with the recovery of 71.02% is obtained in the closed-circuit test. To understand the adsorption of GE-609 on smithsonite surface, zeta potential measurement and FTIR analysis were carried out, and the results indicate that the collector GE-609 can adsorb on smithsonite surface through both electrostatic adsorption and chemical adsorption, and the presence of sodium sulfide enhances the adsorption of GE-609.     

Adsorption of octanohydroxamic acid at fluorite surface in presence of calcite species

The surface properties of fluorite are often affected by dissolved gangue species (e.g., calcite) during the flotation process. Microflotation testing with and without the addition of calcite supernatant was conducted using octanohydroxamic acid (OHA) as the collector. The results revealed that dissolved calcite species significantly affected the flotation behavior of fluorite. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that the decrease in flotation recovery was linked to lower OHA adsorption. Solution chemistry analysis indicated that CaCO₃ and Ca²⁺ from the calcite supernatant were the most favorably adsorbed species, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the surface adsorption of calcite species. Density functional theory simulations provided a detailed analysis of the multidentate adsorption configuration of OHA, which was the most favorable for adsorption on the fluorite surface. The adsorption energy calculation showed that the calcite dissolved species were more stably adsorbed on the fluorite surface than OHA. The pre-adsorption of calcite dissolved species hindered the adsorption of OHA due to electrostatic repulsion.     

Flotation separation of quartz from magnesite using carboxymethyl cellulose as depressant

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was introduced as a depressant in reverse flotation separation of quartz from magnesite. The flotation behavior and surface properties of magnesite and quartz exposed to CMC were studied by zeta potential tests, atomic force microscopy imaging and contact angle measurements. The addition of CMC as the depressant in reverse flotation using dodecylamine (DDA) as the collector exhibited a selectively depressive performance towards magnesite and achieved an improved recovery of magnesite. The study of surface properties demonstrated that CMC and DDA exhibited different adsorption strengths on the surface of magnesite and quartz. It was found that the adsorption of CMC on magnesite surface was stronger than that of DDA, which hindered the subsequent adsorption of DDA on magnesite surface. On the contrary, the quartz surface was strongly adsorbed by DDA instead of CMC, which proved that the addition of CMC did not influence the flotation of quartz.     

新型铜硫浮选分离硫氨酯捕收剂的合成及吸附机理（英文）

设计合成一种新型铜硫浮选分离捕收剂：O-异丙基-N,N-二乙基硫代氨基甲酸酯(IPDTC)。先利用密度泛函理论计算IPDTC的电子结构。结果表明,IPDTC比O-异丙基-N-乙基硫代氨基甲酸酯(Z-200)具有更高的最高占据分子轨道能量和更低的电负性。根据相互作用能判据预测IPDTC具有较强的捕收能力。浮选试验表明,IPDTC对黄铜矿和黄铁矿的捕收能力强于Z-200。通过表面张力、吸附量、XPS、FTIR和zeta电位等方法研究捕收剂的浮选机理。研究发现,IPDTC可降低溶液表面张力。IPDTC在黄铜矿表面的吸附能力强于黄铁矿,这与浮选试验结果相吻合。FTIR、zeta电位和XPS结果表明,IPDTC通过形成Cu—S—C键在黄铜矿表面发生较强的吸附作用,但在黄铁矿表面的吸附作用较弱。     

A novel green depressant for flotation separation of scheelite from calcite

Polyaspartic acid (PASP) was used as a novel environmental-friendly depressant, and its inhibition effect on flotation performance of scheelite and calcite using sodium oleate (NaOL) as a collector was investigated by ways of flotation experiments, zeta potential measurement, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR). The results show that PASP exhibits stronger inhibition capability and selectivity than acidified water glass, and the flotation separation of scheelite from calcite can be realized in the presence of 6 mg/L PASP and 20 mg/L NaOL at pH>6. In the presence of PASP, the zeta potential of calcite surface almost keeps unchanged after adding NaOL, and the contact angle decreases sharply. Therefore, it is indicated that PASP significantly decreases the adsorption of NaOL on calcite surface. By contrast, it has no distinct effect on the adsorption of NaOL on the scheelite surface, which is further confirmed by IR results.