用贫化铀裂变室测量绝对裂变率的影响因素研究

用贫化铀裂变室进行绝对裂变率测量。分析了裂变室记录裂变碎片的效率．对影响绝对裂变率测量的因素进行实验研究，包括探测器之间扰动影响，裂变室结构材料的影响等。     

碳材料反射中子的238U裂变反应率测量和计算

用小型贫化铀裂变室和俘获探测器测量了D-T聚变中子在碳材料反射体上反射中子引起的^238U裂变反应率分布。比较了无碳材料反射体的测量结果。实验测得的^238U裂变反应率合成不确定度为5．1％～6．4％。实验结果与用MCNP／4A程序和ENDF／B-Ⅳ库数据计算的结果在误差范围内符合。     

通过测量裂变碎片的γ射线研究中子测量技术

描述了通过测量裂变碎片的γ射线来研究测量中子的方法。＾２３８Ｕ薄片的裂变碎片由聚脂膜俘获,其γ射线由ＮｉＩ（Ｔ１）探测器测量。在不同系统上测量了中子,测量结果与用裂变室的测量结果一致。分析和讨论了实验结果。     

水泥材料的反射中子实验研究

采用铀核裂变法和活化法实验研究D-T聚变中子在水泥材料上的反射中子.在铁球壳外表面水平赤道方向上,用小型浓缩铀和贫化铀裂变电离室结合俘获探测器测量了反射中子引起的235U(包镉)和238U裂变反应率,实验不确定度分别为6.1%-7.3%和6.4%-7.4%.用5种高阈能活化箔测量了反射中子引起的活化反应率,实验不确定度为7.2%-8.0%.比较了252Cf自发裂变中子在水泥材料上反射中子引起的235U(包镉)裂变反应率测量结果.讨论和分析了实验结果.     

^252Cf微型快裂变室

本文叙述的快裂变室主要用于~(252)Cf裂变中子飞行时间谱测量。该裂变室具有重量轻(1.65g)、上升时间快(6ns)、对裂变碎片探测效率>99％等特点。针对裂变中子能谱测量的特殊要求,详细论述了裂变室设计应遵循的基本原则及其对能谱测量可能带来的影响。     

固体径迹法测量D-D中子源水泥反射中子

叙述了水泥反射体中D-D中子源反射中子测量实验原理。测量了无反射体、有反射体、本底三种状态下中子引发235U(包镉)、238U产生的裂变率。并根据裂变率得到实验装置下水泥反射体对中子的反射系数。对反射系数随角度变化趋势进行了分析。     

用缓发裂变中子计数技术评价铀和铀-钍混合物的分析结果

本文叙述了基于原子核研究中心(NRC)研究反应堆中子通量短时间照射后的缓发裂变中子计数技术,同时测定铀扣混合铀-钍的方法。在过去几年中,在一个5MW游泳池NRC研究反应堆中安装了一个自动装置。新的分析器提供了分析测量铀和钍浓度的可能性。为了同IAEA给出的保证值相比较,研究了国际原子能机构(IAEA)的几个矿石标准样品结果。在这些测量标定曲线中制备了10-2 000mg重量范围的U和Th样品。然后将一组上述样品用镉和无镉封装在功率为1MW,通量为0.8×10~(13)(中子/cm~2)/s条件下照射。     

Design of the reflection magnet and its shielding effect analysis for the neutral beam injector of EAST

In this paper,a reflection magnet to be installed in the EAST neutral beam injection system is simulated and designed.The field intensity of reflection magnet of 42-cm maximum bending radius is about 1.539×10-1 T for 100 keV deuterium beam.The shielding cage is formed by rods.Using the ANSOFT software,the magnetic shielding effect was estimated at about 3% at the magnet pole region.     

JENDL/ImPACT-2018: a new nuclear data library for innovative studies on transmutation of long-lived fission products

ABSTRACT

A new nuclear data library, JENDL/ImPACT-2018, was developed for an innovative study on the transmutation of long-lived fission products. Nuclear reaction cross-sections were newly evaluated for incident neutrons and protons up to 200 MeV for 163 nuclides focusing on long-lived nuclei such as ⁷⁹Se, ⁹³Zr, ¹⁰⁷Pd and ¹³⁵Cs, adopting some parts of JENDL-4.0. Our challenge was an evaluation of cross-sections for a number of unstable nuclei over a wide energy range where the experimental data were very scarce. We estimated cross-sections based on a nuclear model code CCONE by incorporating an advanced knowledge on the nuclear structure theory and a model-parameterization based on new experimental cross-sections measured by the inverse kinematics. Through comparisons with available experimental data on the stable isotopes, it is found that the present data give better agreements with them than those in the existing libraries. In a neutronics simulation by the PHITS code, we also found that the largest impact of the present library was seen on the estimated amount of isotope productions.     

弱中子源强度测量技术研究

简要叙述了采用 BF3正比计数管和 6Li玻璃闪烁体测量贫化铀材料的自发裂变中子发射率的实验研究及结果。实验测得贫化铀材料自发裂变中子发射率为 2 8/ s·kg,与理论预估在误差范围内一致。     

Simulations of scattered neutrons for the time-of-flight enhanced diagnostics(TOFED)neutron spectrometer on EAST

The time-of-flight enhanced diagnostics(TOFED) neutron spectrometer has been installed in TOFED house, which is a newly-built neutron diagnostic lab outside the EAST experimental hall. The line of sight(LOS) of TOFED is defined by the collimator going through the 150 cm biological shielding wall, which can reduce background neutrons very effectively for the neutron spectral measurements. The Monte Carlo code MCNP5 is used in the simulations to characterize collimation effects and the radiation safety of the new house. The collimator makes neutron flux almost fully perpendicular to S1 detectors. In addition, the proportion of scattered neutrons in the LOS of the TOFED is obtained for the measured spectral data interpretation. The simulation results show that the TOFED house satisfies the requirement for the TOFED operations at EAST and gives a safe environment for personnel access during the EAST operation.     

Interpolation formula for particle reflection coefficient of keV light ions obliquely incident on heavy solids

The particle reflection coefficient of light keV ions backscattered from heavy solids as a function of the ion incidence angle has been determined by a suitable interpolation formula. The formula has two fitting parameters which are obtained by using results from two limiting analytic approaches: by the single collision model - in case of nearly perpendicular incidence; and by the small-angle multiple scattering theory - in case of glancing angles of incidence. The obtained interpolation formula is a universal function of the scaled transport cross section and the angle of incidence. Comparison of our calculations with Monte Carlo simulation data and the experimental results of other authors gives good agreement for particle reflection coefficient.     

基于非支配排序遗传算法的辐射屏蔽多目标优化方法研究

为提高反应堆辐射屏蔽结构设计效率与设计性能,减少传统辐射屏蔽设计方法的主观经验影响。本文基于非支配排序遗传算法对反应堆屏蔽结构开展多目标优化方法研究,并开发了反应堆辐射屏蔽多目标优化计算分析程序;利用典型反应堆辐射屏蔽结构模型对此优化方法和计算程序开展了初步验证。结果表明,非支配遗传算法可正确有效地用于辐射屏蔽结构的设计,优化效果显著。     

镍基复合涂料对环境电磁辐射的屏蔽效能研究

分别对手机基站及电视发射塔等典型环境电磁辐射源附近的电磁辐射强度进行了测量。再以羰基镍粉和水性清漆为主要原料,制备出针对射频电磁辐射的复合涂料,对该涂料制备的屏蔽材料进行现场电磁辐射屏蔽效能测试。结果表明,典型电磁辐射源附近环境电磁辐射强度未超过国家控制限值,镍基复合涂料对环境中的射频电磁辐射具有较高的屏蔽性能。在本实验所采用配方及工艺条件下,当单位面积镍含量为0.015 g/cm²时,其屏蔽效能最高。